Name: _________________________________
Date: __________________
Per: ___________
Chapter 25: The Consolidation of Latin America
Notes: Part III
Argentina
• United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata split apart soon after its ______________________ was
achieved in __________.
• Liberals stress the concept of ______________
 ________________________ takes power by _________ as a Federalist.
– Weak central _________________ and local _______________
– Benefits the Buenos Aires ___________________
– __________________
– Driven from power in ___________________
• New constitution in 1853 incorporates _______________________ ideals
– ___________________ were appeased by guaranteeing national unity through the power of
the presidency over __________________ governors.
• 1862: Argentine ____________________ is declared
• 1862-1890: Able and intelligent Argentine _________________
– 1868-1874: Domingo ________________________
•Domingo Sarmiento (__________-1888)
–Supporter of US and _______________
–__________________
–Believer in the value of __________________
–Helped by political _________________ of Buenos Aires
–Part of a greater sense of ___________________ that will sweep through Argentina
•Buenos Aires became a modern, sprawling ______________________
Brazil
• Avoided much of the political ___________________ in the early 19th century
• Dom Pedro I _______________ in 1831 in favor of his younger son (to be Dom Pedro II)
– By 1840 _________________________ II is able to rule in his own name
• Economic changes
– ____________________
• __________________ (coffee estates) spread towards the interior
• 1880: coffee makes up more than __________% of Brazil’s exports
– Causes an intensification of ________________
– Slavery is not abolished until ______________
• After 1850, under rule of ________________________ monarch Dom Pedro II, Brazil sees
considerable growth and ____________________.
• Brazil was the last nation in the western hemisphere to abolish _________________
• War against ___________________ in 1865-1870 was a stain on the monarchy
• 1889: bloodless coup deposes the _________________
• Military rule, influenced by __________________ intellectuals and _____________________
politicians (which began in 1871)
• Expansion of Latin American Economy was led by _____________________
– Bananas and coffee _____________________________
– Tobacco and ___________________ from Cuba
– Rubber and Coffee from ______________________
– Copper and silver from __________________
– Wool, wheat, and ______________ from Argentina
– Copper from __________________
• Profitable, but dependent on the ______________________________
• Export driven economy often caused revolts and _________ throughout Latin America
• ______________ rose amazingly high from ___________________
• “As wealthy as an _______________________”
Mexico 1880-1920
• Benito Juarez’s ____________________ set the tone for economic ______________
• Porfirio __________________ was elected president in 1876.
Mexico: 1880-1920
• Porfirio Diaz
– Suppressed regional _____________________
– Imposed a strong __________________ government
– ______________________
– Financial policies promote __________________
• Growth occurred at the expense of the rural _______________________
– Strikes and _______________ unrest increased
– No real _____________________ class
– By 1910, a middle class movement mushrooms into a 10-year __________ war
Argentine: 1880:1920
• Buenos Aires becomes the “________________ of South America”
• _________________ began by Sarmiento continued
• ____________________ change and immigration fueled continued success.
• By 1914, about 1/3 of Argentina were __________________
• Fusion of cultures
– ___________________: fuses African and Spanish music
Brazil: 1880-1920
• Economic changes and advancements also have their ________________ cost…
– Socialist party formed in _______________
– 1918: Strikes lead to violent _________________– 1912: __________________ push for electoral reform
– 1916: Radical party calls for more _________________ policies.
The US and LA
• __________________: US War with Spain
– Centered on _________________ and Puerto Rico
– Jose Marti fights in exile for ________________ independence
– _________________________ serves to introduce American domination of Latin America
• US occupies _________________ until _____________ and Puerto Rico
• US get rights to _________________________________
– Colombia was ________________________
– The US backed a __________________________ independence movement
– Panama Canal opens in 1908 under the guise of ________________ _______________.