AP GOVERNMENT Chapter 5 Elements of Diversity • Sectional differences • Social and economic differences • Race and ethnic differences • Gender and sexual orientation • Religious differences Population Over 65 years of Age in the US Gender Differences in Voting (2010 Election) • Google Image Result for http://media.gallup.com/poll/grap hs/080829Gender3_hjklpmn.gif • Gender Gap in voting---more women support Democrats but is that only for whites? Breakdown of Religion Race and Ethnicity • • • • • • White: 64% African Americans: 12% Hispanics: 16% Asians: 5% Native Americans: 1% Other The Gender Gap • As of today, there were 6 female governors, 17 female senators, and 75 members in the House of Representatives. • Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore received 12 percent more female votes that the republican candidate George W. Bush. • 64% more women than men work at or below the minimum wage. • Men and women do not earn comparable wages even when education levels are equivalent. The federal government does not recognize same-sex marriage in the United States, but such marriages are recognized by some individual states. The lack of federal recognition was codified in 1996 by the Defense of Marriage Act, which was enacted before Massachusetts became the first state to grant marriage licenses to samesex couples in 2004. Such licenses are granted by six states: Connecticut, Iowa, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, plus Washington, D.C. and Oregon's Coquille and Washington state's Suquamish Indian tribes. Same-sex marriages could be legally performed in California between June 16, 2008, and November 4, 2008, when voters passed Proposition 8 prohibiting same-sex marriages. Maryland recognizes same-sex marriages but does not grant marriage licenses to same-sex couples. The legalization of same-sex marriage has been driven by court rulings and legislative action, rather than voter referendums. As of June 2011, 12 states prohibit same-sex marriage via statute and 29 via the state's constitution. Sexual Orientation • Roughly 20 to 25 percent of Americans identify as either gay (a homosexual male), or lesbian (a homosexual female). • What Percentage of the Population Is Gay?