USII.6d
1930’s
Note packet
Name:_____________
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USII.6d
Name ____________________________
Great Depression and New Deal notes packet
Brother, Can You Spare A Dime?
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They used to tell me I was building a dream
And so I followed the mob
When there was earth to plow or guns to bear
I was always there, right on the job
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They used to tell me I was building a dream
With peace and glory ahead
Why should I be standing in line
Just waiting for bread?
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Once I built a railroad, made it run
Made it race against time
Once I built a railroad, now it's done
Brother can you spare a dime?
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Once I built a tower to the sun
Brick and rivet and lime
Once I built a tower, now it's done
Brother can you spare a dime?
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Once in khaki suits, gee we looked swell
Full of that yankee doodle dum
Half a million boots went sloggin' through hell
And I was the kid with a drum
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Say, Don't you remember they called me Al?
It was Al all the time
Say, don't you remember, I'm your pal
Buddy can you spare a dime?
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USII.6d
“Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?” Questions
Question
Evidence (lines in song to
back up your answer)
Answer
1) What is the mood of the
song?
(Does the song sound
mostly happy, sad, angry,
frustrated, or some other
emotion?)
2) What did the singer do
before the depression?
3) How does the singer feel
now?
4) How did he survive
during the depression?
Depression Images –What do the photos tell you about life during the Depression?
what you see
what it says about the Depression
Scene 1
Scene 2
Scene 3
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Student’s Copy
SOL USII.6d
USII.6d
Changes of the Early Twentieth Century
Previous Unit
Society
Next Unit
Great
Depression
and
the
New
Deal
World
War II
Changes of the Early Twentieth Century
1930s
is about
the causes and effects of the Great Depression and the major features of Roosevelt’s New Deal
sparked by
resulting in
I. Leading Causes
II. Impact on Americans







Use of credit
Stock speculation
Federal banking system
collapsed
High tariffs slows trade
Farmers and manufacturers overproduced
Dust Bowl on Southern
Plains



Banks and businesses
failed.
One-fourth of the
workers - unemployed
Record numbers of
people - hungry and
homeless
Farmers’ incomes fell
to low levels.
SELF-TEST QUESTIONS:
1. What were the causes of the Great Depression?
2. How did the Great Depression affect the lives of Americans?
3. What were the major features of the New Deal?
4. What is the lasting effect of the New Deal programs?
Adapted from The Unit Organizer Routine.. www.contentenhancement.org
leading to
III. Major Features of the
New Deal





Social Security
Federal work programs
Environmental
programs
Farm assistance
programs
Increased labor rights
exemplified by
IV. New Deal Programs



Relief
CCC, WPA, FERA
Reform
TVA, Wagner Act,
Social Security, Fair
Labor Standards Act
Recovery NIRA, NRA,
PWA, AAA, REA
TERMS, PEOPLE AND PLACES
banking system
Black Tuesday
collective
bargaining
credit
Dust
4 Bowl
economy
FDR
Federal Reserve
Great Depression
migration
New Deal
overproduction
recovery
Reform
Relief
Social Security
speculation
stocks
surplus
tariffs
NOTABLE
QUOTE
“…the only
thing we have to
fear is fear
itself...” FDR
March 4, 1933
USII.6d
Impact on Americans (USII.6d)
is about …
how the Great Depression affected the lives of Americans.
Effect on Employment
Effect on Production
 One-fourth of the workers were
unemployed.
 hoovervilles – makeshift towns outside
cities for people seeking jobs; named
after President Herbert Hoover as an
insult
 Factories produced fewer goods
 Many banks and businesses failed.
 Dust Bowl– large area of Great Plains
where drought and over-farming ruined
farmland and created huge dust storms
depression –
Effect on Income
Effect on Consumption
 People had less money.
 Large numbers of people were hungry
and homeless.
 relief – help to ease suffering (for
example, bread lines)
 People bought less.
 Farmers made less money.
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USII.6d
Depression Effects Diagrams
Chart #1
Write each word or phrase from the answer bank into a blank space on the flow
chart. Each completed phrase in the chart should lead (point) to something that it
directly helped to cause.
People
became
unemployed.
Goods were
not
produced.
Businesses
failed.
Goods were
not bought.
Businesses
could not
make profits.
Answer Bank #1
 failed
 produced
 bought
 unemployed
 could not make profits
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USII.6d
Chart #2
Write each word or term from the answer bank into a blank line in the diagram so
that it accurately shows cause-effect relationships.
overfarming
black
blizzards
Dust Bowl
drought
Answer Bank #2
 Dust Bowl
 Over farming
 black blizzards
 drought
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Full Name: Social Security Administration
The New Deal
USII.6d
Full Name: Civilian Conservation Corps
What was the New Deal?
Initials:
What it does:
How did it affect the lives of Americans?
Full Name: Works Progress Administration
Initials:
What it does:
Initials:
What it does:
Full Name: Public Works Administration
Roosevelt’s
Alphabet
Initials:
What it does:
Soup
Full Name: Agricultural Adjustment Act
Initials:
What it does:
Full Name: Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation
Initials:
What it does:
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Full Name: Tennessee Valley Authority
Initials:
What it does:
USII.6d
USII.6d
Alphabet Soup Vocabulary Activities
1. What were the 3 R’s of the New Deal?
Relief, Recovery, and Reform
2. With 2-3 other people, design a commercial or
advertisement to inform Americans about one of the New
Deal alphabet-soup agencies from your notes. Be sure to
include:
a. agency’s full name and acronym (abbreviation)
b. purpose of the agency
c. whether the purpose can be categorized as relief,
recovery, or reform
3. Alphabet Soup Charades: With 2-3 other people, try to
silently “act out” the agency that your teacher assigns you
secretly.
a. Everyone else in the class silently writes down the
agency that they think you are representing.
b. Everyone who guesses correctly gets a point for his or
her group…and a point for yours!
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USII.6d
From March 12, 1933 – FDR Fireside Chat on Bank Crisis
http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/031233.html
“I hope you can see from this elemental recital of what your government is doing that there
is nothing complex, or radical in the process.
“We had a bad banking situation. Some of our bankers had shown themselves either
incompetent or dishonest in their handling of the people's funds. They had used the money
entrusted to them in speculations and unwise loans. This was of course not true in the vast
majority of our banks but it was true in enough of them to shock the people for a time into
a sense of insecurity and to put them into a frame of mind where they did not differentiate,
but seemed to assume that the acts of a comparative few had tainted them all. It was the
Government's job to straighten out this situation and do it as quickly as possible -- and the
job is being performed.
“I do not promise you that every bank will be reopened or that individual losses will not be
suffered, but there will be no losses that possibly could be avoided; and there would have
been more and greater losses had we continued to drift. I can even promise you salvation
for some at least of the sorely pressed banks. We shall be engaged not merely in reopening
sound banks but in the creation of sound banks through reorganization. It has been
wonderful to me to catch the note of confidence from all over the country…
“After all there is an element in the readjustment of our financial system more important
than currency, more important than gold, and that is the confidence of the people.
Confidence and courage are the essentials of success in carrying out our plan. You people
must have faith; you must not be stampeded by rumors or guesses. Let us unite in
banishing fear. We have provided the machinery to restore our financial system; it is up to
you to support and make it work.
“It is your problem no less than it is mine. Together we cannot fail.”
Critical Thinking
1)
Whom or what does FDR blame for the bank crisis?
incompetent and dishonest bankers, bad loans
2)
What does FDR say to try to reassure Americans?
The federal government is working “to straighten out this situation” as quickly as possible.
3)
Give an example of how FDR comes across as honest or straightforward.
“I do not promise you that every bank will be reopened or that individual losses will not be
suffered.”
4)
What does FDR say are the essential elements (parts) of his plan to fix the economy?
confidence and courage
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USII.6d
Great Depression Sketch Notes
1. During the 1920s people were wild and crazy. They sat on flag poles, danced the Charleston,
and spent money they didn’t have (credit). People bought new things for their homes on credit
and they invested in the stock market using credit (margin buying).
2. In October of 1929 the stock market crashed! Banks began to close, and many people lost
everything.
3. President Hoover thought the economy would fix itself as it had in the past. Hoover felt that
“prosperity was just around the corner.” However, as the economy worsened, many Americans
named shanty towns (shack towns) after him: ”hoovervilles.”
4. Franklin D. Roosevelt took office in 1933, and immediately began working on a plan he called
his “New Deal,” which was designed to give people jobs and to help those in need.
5. During this time an awful drought affected the Great Plains, which were called the “Dust Bowl”
because of the huge dust storms. Because of the Dust Bowl, farmers had to migrate to other
places to find jobs, and homes and belongings were covered by the dust.
6. In 1941, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the United States entered WWII. The increased
need for production of wartime goods, as well as for soldiers, nurses, and other wartime
workers, helped to relieve the Depression’s effects and set the stage for a postwar recovery.
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