Life After The Civil War
Rise of Big Business
Previous Unit
Westward Expansion
I. Transportation
Resources (USII.2b)
 Moving natural
resources (e.g.,
copper, lead) to
eastern factories
 Moving iron ore
deposits to sites of
steel mills (e.g.,
Pittsburgh)
 Transporting
finished products to
national markets
II. Inventions that
Contributed to Great
Change and
Industrial Growth
(USII.4d)
 Electric lighting
and mechanical
uses of electricity
(Thomas Edison)
 Telephone service
(Alexander Graham
Bell)
III. Reasons for the
Rise of Big Business
(USII.4d)
 National markets
created by
transportation
advances
 Captains of
Industry
 Advertising
 Lower-cost
production
 Access of raw
materials and
energy
 Availability of
work force due to
immigration
 Inventions
 Financial resources
Next Unit
Urban Growth
IV. Captains of
Industry; Examples
of Big Business;
Industries (USII.2b,
4d)
 John D.
Rockefeller (oil)
 Andrew Carnegie
(steel)
 Cornelius
Vanderbilt
(shipping and
railroads)
 Textile industry
(New England)
 Automobile
industry (Detroit)
 Steel industry
(Pittsburgh)
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
VOCABULARY:
1.
2.
Factors of Big Business
Andrew Carnegie
Thomas Edison
Cornelius Vanderbilt
3.
4.
5.
6.
How did advances in transportation link resources, products, and markets?
What are some examples of manufacturing areas that were located near centers of
population?
What inventions created great change and industrial growth in the United States?
What created the rise in big business?
What factors caused the growth of industry?
How did industrialization and the rise of big business influence life on American farms?
V. Postwar Changes
in Farm and City Life
(USII.4d)
 Mechanization
(e.g., the reaper)
reduced farm labor
needs and increased
production
 Industrial
development in
cities created
increased labor
needs
 Industrialization
provided new
access to consumer
goods (e.g., mail
order)
Alexander Graham Bell
John D. Rockefeller
1
Rise of Big Business Smart Board Sort
Inventions
Prosperity
Factors
Growth
Factors
2
Industrialization Inventions
What is the
invention?
Bessemer
Process
Light
Bulb
Assembly
Line
p. 570 Journey
p. 564 Journey
p. 564-566 Journey
Who is
associated
with it?
Why is it
important?
3
Photo Analysis
Study each photograph. Identify the object and give a description,
including what would be accomplished with that object. Write
complete sentences.
Object
Description
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
4
Assembly Line: A line of factory workers and machines used to put together a product. Products move from one person to
another, each with a specialized task.
Mass Production: Making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply.
Groups
Factory
Owners
Factory
Workers
Consumer
Advantages
 Produce more goods cheaply.
 Less skilled workers needed =
lower pay
Disadvantages
 Less skilled workers needed =
limited knowledge.
 Must be in total control of the
assembly line.
 Any man could get a job in a
 _______________ task would
factory assembly line.
become tedious & boring.
 Specialized workers become
 _______________ makes a
very good at one thing which can
worker very good at one thing
make you an “expert” at that
which might make it hard to
task.
find work elsewhere.
 Workers are dependent on each
 Now you are “just a worker”
other.
and become easy to replace.
 No _______________
 More _______________
 More _______________
 More access to goods they might
not be able to buy.
 Quality of products might go
down.
 No more unique, custom-made
goods (craftsmen).
5
Industrialization Affected Life on The Farm Too!
Industrialization and the rise of big business influenced life in the cities, but it also affected life on the American farms.
Post Civil War changes in farm and city life:
1. Mechanization (the reaper) had reduced farm labor needs and increased production.
2. Industrial development in cities created increased labor needs.
3. Industrialization provided access to consumer goods (mail order).
Farming has changed over the years. Farm production in the United States has increased tremendously since the Civil War. Before the
Civil War, each farmer in the United States produced, on average, enough food for four people (or enough for his family). Today, each
farmer in the United States produces, on average, enough food for over 80 people. Farming has become huge, but the number of
people needed to work a farm has become smaller due to mechanization.
From Agriculture to Industry
Directions: Label the picture according to the following instructions.
1.
Label the RURAL/AGRICULTURAL area.
2.
Label the URBAN/CITY area.
3.
Label one example of MECHANIZATION (using a machine) that reduced the need for farm laborers.
4.
Label two examples of INDUSTRY (big business).
5.
Label the NATURAL RESOURCE (raw material).
6. Label two examples of improvements in TRANSPORTATION.
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