Civil Rights
Identify the Plessy v.
Ferguson decision?
• “Separate but equal”
facilities were
constitutional
• Racial segregation was
legal
What precedent was
set by Plessy v.
Ferguson?
• Southern states could
segregate public
facilities.
What was another
term for
segregation laws?
•Jim Crow laws
For what does NAACP
stand?
• National Association
for the Advancement
of Colored People
For what 2 things did
the NAACP work?
• End legal segregation in the
South
• Gain the right to vote for
African-Americans in the
South
Who was an early
leader of the NAACP?
•W.E.B. DuBois
What Supreme Court
decision set forth the
“separate but equal”
doctrine?
•Plessy v. Ferguson
What was the 1954 Supreme
Court decision in the Brown v.
Board of Education case?
• Supreme Court declared
racial segregation in public
schools unconstitutional
What was the
constitutional basis of the
Brown decision?
• Racial segregation violated
the “equal protection”
clause of the 14th
Amendment
What Supreme Court
decision declared racial
segregation in public
schools unconstitutional?
• Brown v. Board of
Education of Topeka
Who served as chief counsel
for the NAACP Legal
Defense Fund at the time of
the Brown decision?
•Thurgood Marshall
Who was the most famous
civil rights lawyer in
Virginia? (He worked on the
Prince Edward County
school case.)
•Oliver Hill
Identify the Solid South.
• Democratic Party control
of Southern politics from
late 19th century to after
World War II
Identify Massive
Resistance.
• Virginia’s attempt to
avoid obeying the
Brown desegregation
decision
What Democratic U.S.
senator led Virginia’s
Massive Resistance
movement?
•Harry F. Byrd
What is the official
name of the Virginia
state legislature?
• The Virginia General
Assembly
What did the Brown
decision show about the
Supreme Court’s
powers?
• By interpreting its powers
broadly, the Supreme
Court could reshape
American society
What event made Rosa
Parks famous?
• The Montgomery Bus
Boycott
What was the goal of the
1963 March on Washington?
•Gain passage of
major civil rights
laws by Congress
Who gave the “I have a
dream” speech at the
March on Washington?
• Dr. Martin Luther
King, Jr.
For what method of
protest was Dr. King
known?
• Non-violent, mass
protest
What president played a
major role in the passage
of the 1964 Civil Rights
law and the 1965 Voting
Rights Act?
•Lyndon B. Johnson
Identify the 1964
Civil Rights Act?
• Outlawed racial, religious, and
sex discrimination in public
places and by employers
• Gave the federal government
more power to enforce all civil
rights laws
Give four examples of
public places covered by
the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
•
•
•
•
Motels
Hotels
Restaurants
Parks
Identify the 1965 Voting
Rights Act.
• Outlawed literacy tests as a
voting requirement
• Sent federal registrars to
the South to register black
voters
What was a literacy
test?
• Person had to prove
he could read and
write in order to vote
Why did the Southern
states require literacy
tests?
• To keep AfricanAmericans from voting
What did the 1968
Civil Rights Act do?
Outlawed racial
discrimination in the
sale and rental of
housing
What does one call the
movement of whites from the
city to the suburbs in order to
avoid sending their children to
integrated public schools?
•White Flight
What kinds of schools did
Southern whites establish to
avoid racial integration of
public schools?
•Private academies