Immigration and Progressive Era Study Guide
H
Increase in Immigration
Key Question: Why was there an increase in
immigration?
1. Hope for better opportunities
E
2. Escape from oppressive governments
A
3. Adventure
R
4. Religious freedom
Negatives
Key Question? What were the negative effects of the
increase in immigration?
1. Rapid industrialization and urbanization led to
overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods and
tenements
2. Cities faced the challenges of ghettos and political
corruption in political machines
3. Immigrants faced discrimination, especially
Chinese and Irish immigrants
Solving Immigrants Problems
Key Question: What efforts were made to solve immigration problems?
1. Jane Addams created a settlement house called Hull House. It provided housing, job
training, English lessons, etc, for immigrants.
2. Political machines gained power by attending to the needs of immigrants who needed
jobs and housing. In exchange for assistance, the political machines expected that the
new citizens would be loyal voters, keeping the political machines’ candidates in office
so that bosses could continue to grow richer and maintain their power.
3. A movement was started that worked to bring about changes (reforms) in the political,
corporate, and social laws: Progressive Movement
More Negatives
Key Question: What were the negative effects of
industrialization that often affected immigrants?
1. Child labor
2. Low wages, long hours
3. Unsafe working conditions
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What Did Workers Do?
Key Questions: How did workers respond to
Describe
the negative effects to industrialization?
1. Workers formed unions
2. Workers went on strike
Unions are organizations that to try to improve
working conditions and pay. One example is
the American Federation of Labor.
Strikes were rarely successful at improving
working conditions or pay for workers. One
example is the Homestead Strike at Andrew
Carnegie’s steel plant which resulted in several
union workers and guards being killed, and the
union was broken for more than 40 years. In its
aftermath, union membership decreased.
Change for the Better
Key Question: How did the Progressive
Movement and its reforms change the nation?
1. Improved safety conditions
2. Reduced work hours
3. Placed restrictions on child labor
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Change for Women
Key Question: How did the Progressive Movement affect women?
1. It increased educational opportunities for women in both high school attendance and in
higher education.
2. It attained women’s suffrage (the right to vote) with the passage of the 19th Amendment.
Key People
Key Question: Who were key people in the Women’s Movement?
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony
Temperance Movement
Key Question: How did the Progressive Movement impact the Temperance Movement?
1. The Temperance Movement was comprised of groups that opposed the making and
consuming of alcohol
2. It supported the 18th Amendment which prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of
alcoholic beverages