Unit 2: BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW
REMEMBER: This review packet is due on test day! It will not be accepted late.
Keep all your review packets to review for semester exam in January.
Use your notes and if needed, Chapter 2 in your textbook to complete this.
1. Elements:
. What element do these symbols represent?
C- ______________
H- ______________
P- ______________
N- ______________
O- ______________
Na- ______________
Cl- ______________
2. Given this box from the periodic table be able to:
Determine:
Number of protons- ________
Number of electrons- _______
Number of neutrons- ________
Diagram the atomic structure:
9
F
18.998
3. An atom “wants” to have 8 electrons in its outer most orbital? How does it achieve
this? ___________________________________________________
4. When atoms share electrons a __________ bond is formed.
Diagram a water molecule and circle the covalent bonds.
5. When atoms lose or gain electrons they are called _______.
An atom with a negative charge and an atom with a positive charge are likely to form
an _______________ bond.
6. Give an example of a:
molecule: _____________
compound: ____________
What is the difference? ______________________________
Write a compound that is also a molecule: _________________
7. Reactions:
2H2O2

2H2O
+
O2
a. Circle the reactant(s) and underline the products.
b. Is this equation balanced? Explain. ___________________________________
c. What does :
H2O2 stand for? (we used this in the enzyme lab!) ________________
O2? ___________________________
d. Is this a condensation or dehydration reaction? _______________ Why?
e. Write the general equation for the reaction of photosynthesis:
_________________________________________________________________
What types of organisms can do this reaction? ___________, _________ & some
___________
This reaction converts solar (or ___________) energy into _____________ energy.
What do cells need to have to do this reaction? ________________________
What organelle is the site of photosynthesis? ____________________
Stored energy is found in the molecule _________________. It’s molecular formula
is C6 H12 ____.
f. Write the general equation for the reaction of cell respiration:
_________________________________________________________________
What types of organisms can do this reaction? __________________________
This reaction converts stored energy in the form of ______________ into usable
energy in the form of ___ ___ ___s.
What organelle is the site of cell respiration? ____________________
The cell can easily use the energy found in __ __ __ molecules.
8. Organic Compounds
Major Organic Compound Group
General Function
STUDY the table you made in class!
You will need to know all the information contained on it!
a. Name 2 structural carbohydrates and state where each can be found:
1. _____________________- __________________________
2. _____________________- __________________________
b. Animals and plants store excess glucose differently. Animals store excess glucose as
________________________ and plants store it as _________________.
c. Phospholipids form ______________________.
d. There are _____ kinds of amino acids. Proteins vary in the __________ of amino
acids, the type of amino acids and the ___________ of amino acids. Just using 100
amino acids can form 20100 different proteins and a protein can have more or less than
100 amino acids!!!!!!
e. Hormones, enzymes and antibodies are all _____________.
9. Testing for Organic Compounds
In this lab we used indicator to determine which compounds were in the foods.
Fill in the table below:
Indicator solution
Benedict’s solution
Tests for-
How?
Changes color from blue to
red
starch
Changes from dark blue to
purple (violet)
How can you test for the presence of fats? ____________________________
10. Enzymes
a. Fill–in the boxes: active site, substrate
b. What is the function of an enzyme? _______________________________
c. In the lab we did in class, identify the:
Enzyme- ___________________
Substrate- __________________
Reaction: write it here: _____________________________
Products: ________________ & _____________________
d. The action of any enzyme depends on its __ __ __ __ __
What does it mean to denature an enzyme? Change its ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.
Why don’t denatured enzymes work? ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
11. Properties of Water
Water is an excellent ________________ because more things can be dissolved in it than
any other liquid.
Capillary action is important to __________ because it allows for ________ to move up
stems, carrying water from roots upward.
Water ___________ upon freezing which is important because ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________
The attraction between water molecules is called _________________.
The attraction between water molecules and other things is called __________________.
Aquatic environments keep a fairly constant temperature due to _____________
_____________ _________________. Small ponds do not dry up because of the
___________ ___________ _____ ________________________.
Draw a water molecule and label its slightly negative and slightly positive ends.
Because water has a slightly negative end and a slightly positive end, it is considered
_______________.
12. pH scale- The pH scale indicates the concentration of _______ ions in a solution.
Solutions with a pH below 7 are called ___________________. Solutions above 7 are
called ______________. Pure water (distilled water) has a pH of ______ which is
considered _____________.
Use page 43 in textbook to determine the pH of:
Human blood- _______
Lemon juice- ______
Bleach- ________
Milk- ________
STUDY!!!!