Use these 4 notes to answer the
following question:
 Patterns of Evolution
 Natural Selection
 Populations
 Speciation
1. Define Darwin’s theory of natural selection and describe how this process occurs.
2. What was his book name and where did he go to observe?
3. What is the difference between artificial and natural selection?
a. What traits are selected for due to natural selection?
b. What does “Survival of the Fittest” mean?
c. What does natural selection act on?
3. Define and give an example of how each of the following terms provides evidence for
evolution:
a. fitness:
b. fossils:
c. homologous structures:
d. analogous structures:
e. vestigial organs:
f. embryology:
4. Draw and give an example of how populations shift during:
a. directional selection:
b. stabilizing selection:
c. disruptive selection:
5. What is a population?
6. What are the 2 main sources of genetic variation?
7. Define speciation and give an example.
8. Speciation requires reproductive isolation. How do you obtain reproductive isolation - 3
mechanisms (ways)?
9. Describe and give examples of the six patterns of evolution.
a. mass extinction:
b. adaptive radiation:
c. convergent evolution:
d. coevolution:
e. punctuated equilibrium:
f. gradualism:
Be able to read and interpret drawings and graphs of organisms