1
element
2
proton
3
neutron
4
nucleus
5
electron
6
atomic number
7
atomic mass #
8
ion
9
periodic table
10
group
11
period
12
reactive
13
metal
14
nonmetal
15
Metalloid
a substance that cannot be
broken down into a simpler
substance by ordinary
chemical changes.
Consists of atoms of only
one type
a positively charged
particle located in an
atom's nucleus
a neutral particle located
in an atom's nucleus
the central region of an
atom where most of the
atom's mass is found in
protons and neutrons
a negatively charged
particle located outside an
atom's nucleus about 2000
times smaller than either a
proton or neutron
the total number of
protons in an atom's
nucleus
the total number of
protons and neutrons in an
atom's nucleus
an atom or group of atoms
that has a positive or
negative electric charge;
forms by atoms gaining or
losing electrons
a table of the elements,
arranged by atomic
number, that shows the
patterns in their properties
a vertical column in the
periodic table of the
elements that have similar
properties
a horizontal row in the
periodic table of the
elements that have varying
properties
property in which a
substance is likely to
undergo a chemical change
an element that tends to
be shiny, easily shaped,
and a good conductor of
electricity and heat
an element that is not a
metal and has properties
generally opposite to those
of a metal
Chemistry Term
an element that has
properties of both metals
and nonmetals
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
16
density
17
specific heat
18
divide
19
turnover
20
eutrophication
21
aquifer
22
point-source
pollution
23
nonpoint-source
pollution
24
desalination
25
continental
shelf
26
sonar
27
downwelling
28
upwelling
the ratio of the mass of a
substance to the volume of
the substance
(mass/volume)
amount of heat energy
required to raise the
temperature of 1 kg of a
substance by 1 degree
Celsius
a ridge, or continuous line
of high land, from which
water flows in different
the yearly rising and
sinking of cold and warm
water layers in a lake
an increase in nutrients in
a lake or pond, occurring
naturally or as a result of
pollution, which causes
increased growth of algae
and plants decreasing the
amount of oxygen in the
water
an underground layer of
permeable rock that
contains water
pollution that enters water
from a specific source that
can be identified
pollution with a widely
spread source that can't be
tied to a specific point of
origin
the process of removing
salt from ocean water
the flat or gently sloping
land that lies submerged
around the edges of a
continent and that extends
from the shoreline out to
the continental slope
a system that uses
underwater sound waves to
measure distance and
locate objects
the movement of water
from the surface to greater
depths carrying oxygen
down allowing animals to
live in the deep ocean
the vertical movement of
deep water up to the
surface
bringing up nutrients from
the deep ocean allowing
animals to thrive
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
29
estuary
30
turbidity
31
hydrothermal
vent
32
compound
33
chemical
formula
34
molecule
35
chemical
reaction
36
reactant
37
product
38
Precipitate
39
Catalyst
40
Law of
Conservation
of Mass
a shoreline area where
fresh water from a river
mixes with salt water from
the ocean
a measure of the clarity of
water that depends on the
amount, size and
composition of suspended
matter such as clay, silt,
phytoplankton and other
microscopic organisms
an opening in the sea floor
from which heated water
rises and mixes with the
ocean water above
a substance made up of two
or more different types of
atoms bonded together
an expression that shows
the number and types of
atoms joined in a
compound
a group of atoms that are
held together by covalent
bonds so that they move
the process by which
chemical changes occur
and new substances are
formed; atoms are
rearranged - chemical
bonds are broken and
formed
a substance that is present
at the beginning of a
chemical reaction, takes
part in the chemical
reaction, and is changed
into a new substance
a substance formed by a
chemical reaction; made
by the rearrangement of
atoms and bonds in
reactants
Hydrosphere Term
a solid substance that
forms as a result of a
chemical reaction between
chemicals in two liquids
Chemistry Term
a substance that increases
the rate of a chemical
reaction but is not
consumed in the reaction
Chemistry Term
a scientific law stating that
during a chemical reaction,
matter is not created nor
destroyed.
Chemistry Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
41
coefficient
42
semiconductor
43
solution
44
45
solute
solvent
46
concentration
the number before a
chemical formula that
indicates how many
molecules are involved in a
chemical reaction
a material that can
precisely control the
conduction of electrical
signals
a mixture of two or more
substances that is the
same throughout
in a solution, a substance
that is dissolved in a
solvent
in a solution, the
substance that dissolves a
solute
Chemistry Term
the amount of solute that
is dissolved in a solvent at
a particular temperature
Chemistry Term
47
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
dilute
48
saturated
49
solubility
50
acid
51
base
52
Chemistry Term
pH
a solution having a low
concentration of solute
a solution containing the
maximum amount of a
solute that can be
dissolved in a solvent at a
given temperature
the amount of a solute that
dissolves in a certain
amount of a solvent at a
given temperature to
produce a saturated
solution
a substance that can
donate a proton to another
substance that has a ph
below 7
a substance that can
accept a proton from
another substance that has
a ph above 7
the concentration of
hydrogen ions in a solution
measurement of acidity
53
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
neutral
describing a solution that
is neither an acid nor a
base substance that has a
pH of 7
54
Parasites
55
cell membrane
56
cytoplasm
57
eukaryotic cell
58
nucleus
59
organelle
60
61
62
63
prokaryotic
cell
mitochondria
chemical
energy
cellular
respiration
64
Diffusion
65
osmosis
66
mitosis
An organism that lives
in or on another
organism (its host) and
benefits by deriving
nutrients at the host's
expense.
the outer boundary of the
cytoplasm; a layer that
controls what enters or
leaves a cell; a protective
covering enclosing an
entire cell
a thick, gelatin-like
material contained within
the cell membrane where
most of the work of the
cell is carried out
a cell in which the genetic
material is enclosed within
a nucleus, surrounded by
its own membrane
the structure in a
eukaryotic cell that
contains the genetic
material a cell needs to
reproduce and function
a structure in a cell that is
enclosed by a membrane
and that performs a
particular function
a cell that lacks a nucleus
and other organelles
organelles that release
energy by using oxygen to
break down sugars
the energy stored in the
bonds between atoms of
every molecule
a process in which cells
use oxygen to release
energy stored in sugars
such as glucose
the process by which
molecules spread out, or
move from an area of
higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
the diffusion of water
through a membrane from
an area of high
concentration to an area of
lower concentration
the phase in the cell cycle
during which the nucleus
divides
Microbiology Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Chemistry Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
67
asexual
reproduction
68
microorganism
69
bacteria
70
71
72
73
74
Virus
pathogen
antibiotic
infectious
disease
vector
75
carrier
76
noninfectious
disease
77
resistance
78
Producer
79
decomposer
80
Metalloid
81
host cell
82
plankton
the process by which a
single organism produces
offspring that have the
same genetic material
a very small organism that
can be seen only with a
microscope EXAMPLE:
bacteria
a large group of one-celled
organisms that sometimes
cause disease
a nonliving, diseasecausing particle that uses
the materials inside cells
to reproduce; consists of
genetic material enclosed
in a protein coat
agents that cause disease
a substance that can
destroy bacteria
diseases that can be
spread; caused by viruses,
bacteria and other
pathogens
insects or animals that
spread diseases to humans
people who are infected
with a disease and can
infect others but do not
show symptoms of the
disease themselves
diseases that cannot be
spread by pathogens
the ability of an organism
to protect itself from a
disease or the effects of a
substance
an organism that captures
energy from sunlight and
transforms it into chemical
energy that is stored in
energy-rich carbon
compounds; a source of
food for other organisms
an organism that feeds on
and breaks down dead
plant or animal matter
An element that has both
properties of metals and
nonmetals.
a cell that a virus infects
and uses to make copies of
itself
mostly microscopic
organisms that drift in
great numbers through
bodies of water
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Chemistry Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
83
protozoa
84
geologic time
scale
85
index fossil
86
Law of
Superposition
animal-like protists that
eat other organisms or
decaying parts of other
organisms
chart organized by
scientists that divides
Earth's history into
intervals of time defined by
major events or changes on
Earth
 fossils of species
that existed on Earth
only during specific
periods of time
 were abundant and
widespread
geographically
used to help determine the
age of rock layers
scientific law that states in
undisturbed sedimentary
rock layers, the oldest rock
layers are on the bottom
and the youngest rock
layers are on the top
87
Micro/Cell Biology
Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
unconformity
88
a gap in the sedimentary
rock record that is due to
erosion wearing away rock
layers or periods of time
without deposition of rock
layers

plate tectonics
89
continental
drift
Earth's lithosphere is
made up of huge
plates that move
over the Earth's
surface
caused by convection
currents in the Earth's
asthenosphere when hot
molten rock constantly
rises, cools, sinks, and is
heated again
a hypothesis proposed by
Alfred Wegener, a German
scientist, stating that
Earth's continents were
once joined in a single
landmass called Pangaea
and gradually drifted apart
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
90

mid-ocean ridge
a long line of seafloor mountains
where new ocean
crust is formed by
volcanic activity
along a divergent
boundary
forms the longest
chain of mountains
on Earth
 type of map that
uses contour lines to
represent the shape
and elevation of the
land
the spreading of a city and
its suburbs over rural land

Earth History
Term

Earth History
Term

91
topographic
map
92
urban sprawl
93
permeable
94
impermeable
95
Subscript
96
Natural
selection
97
Relative age
98
Water table
99
Variable
100
Control group
101
102
Heterogeneous
Mixture
Homogeneous
Mixture
103
Fossil Fuel

Allows substances to
easily pass through
Does not allow substances
to pass through
The number written
slightly below and to the
right of a chemical symbol
that shows how many
atoms of an element are in
a compound
The theory that explains
how populations can
eventually evolve into new
species
The age of an object or
event in comparison to
another object or event
The highest part in the
ground that is saturated, or
completely filled with
water
Any factor that can change
in a controlled experiment
A standard set up in which
to the experimental results
are compared
A substance that is not
uniform throughout.
A substance that is evenly
spread throughout.
Particles not
distinguishable.
Earth History Term

Hydrosphere
Term
Hydrosphere Term
Chemistry Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
Hydrosphere term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
Chemistry Term
A natural fuel such as Energy Term
coal or gas, formed in
the
geological
past
from the remains of
living organisms.
104
Nonrenewable
105
Renewable
106
Watersheds
107
River Basin
108
Salinity
109
Deep Ocean
Technology
110
Nitrates
111
Clean Water
Act
112
Fungi
113
Biotechnology
114
Ecosystem
Used to describe energy
sources that exist in a
limited
amount
on
Earth.
Thus
all
available material could
eventually be completely
used.
Energy
which
comes
from natural resources,
which
naturally
replenish.
Areas of land that water
drains in to when the
ground is saturated or
impermeable.
The entire geographical
area drained by a river
and its tributaries.
The amount of salt in a
substance.
Technology
that
continuously
provides
information about new
life
forms,
Earth
resources, and geologic
processes.
A
form
of
nutrient
pollution.
Passed in the US in
1972, this law focused
regulation on industrial
waste
and
water
contamination as well
as
waste
water
treatment.
Any of a group of
unicellular,
or
multicellular,
sporeproducing
organisms
feeding
on
organic
matter.
Technology that uses
living processes to make
advancements in the
areas
of
health,
medicine and industry.
A biological environment
consisting of all the
organisms living in a
particular area, as well
as all the nonliving
resources.
Energy Term
Energy Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Hydrosphere Term
Microbiology Term
Microbiology Term
Hydrosphere Term
115
Populations
116
Food Chain
117
Absolute Age
118
Evolution
119
Adaptations
A group of organisms of Hydrosphere Term
the
same
species
inhabiting a given area.
The sequence of who
eats
whom
in
a
biological community.
The age of a rock as
determined
by
the
measurement
of
radioactive decay from
the time of the rock's
formation.
Adaptations that arise
through
natural
selection
by
genetic
variation
Special features that
allow a plant or animal
to live in a particular
place or habitat.
Hydrosphere Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term
Earth History Term