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Progressive Unit study Guide
Negative effects of Industrialization
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Child labor
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Low wages
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long hours
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Unsafe working conditions
Rise of organized labor
In response to negative effects of industrialization:
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Workers formed Labor unions
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Growth of American Federation of Labor (AFL)
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Samuel Gompers – founder of AFL
Homestead Strike
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At Carnegie’s steel plant in Homestead, PA
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Wages were cut; workers went on strike
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Strike was a failure
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This violent strike turned public opinion against unions
Triangle Waistshirt Factory Fire
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The fire and the large number of deaths exposed the hazardous conditions and fire dangers that were in
these high-rise factories.
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Shortly after the Triangle fire, New York City passed a large number of fire, safety, and building codes
and created stiff penalties for not following the law. Other cities followed New York's example.
Progressive Movement workplace reforms
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Improved safety conditions
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Reduced work hours
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Placed restrictions on child labor
Muckrakers
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journalists who exposed dangerous conditions and factories’/mines’ use of child labor
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One of the most important things muckrakers did was help reduce child labor
Women’s suffrage (suffrage means “the right to vote”)
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Increased educational opportunities for women
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19th amendment (1920)
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Women attained (received) voting rights nation-wide
Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton worked for Women’s suffrage
Temperance Movement
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Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol
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Carrie Nation – one of the most famous temperance supporters
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Standing at nearly 6 feet tall and weighing 180 pounds, Carry Amelia Moore Nation,
Carrie Nation, as she came to be known, was an imposing figure. Wielding a hatchet, she
was downright frightful. In 1900, the target of Nation's wrath was alcoholic drink.
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18th amendment (start of the Prohibition Era)
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Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages
Results of prohibition
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Speakeasies were created as places for people to drink alcoholic beverages (places were illegal)
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Bootleggers: made and smuggled alcohol illegally and promoted organized crime
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The 18th Amendment was repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933