Forming New Substances
The process by which one or more substances undergo change to produce one or more
different substances is called a ________________________________________________
Examples:______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Clues to a chemical reaction:
New substances are formed in a
chemical reaction because
chemical bonds in the starting
substances ________________,
__________________, and
________________________
Chemical Equations
A chemical equation is ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Parts of a chemical equation:
H2
+
O2
______________
Or starting materials
→
2H2O
________________
or substances formed
Equations must be balanced!!! The ________________________________________________
states that mass is neither _____________________ nor _______________________________
How to Balance:
1. Count the atoms of each element in the reactants and the products
2. To balance, you can only use coefficients – do not mess with the subscripts
3. Check to make sure you have the same number and kind of atoms on both sides of the
arow
Examples
Na
+
Cl2 →
Fe +
2CaCl 
NaCl
O2 →
Fe2O3
Ca + Cl
CH4 + H2O →
CO +
H2
Types of Chemical Reactions
***Synthesis Reaction
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Example
Illustrate
***Decomposition
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Example:
Illustrate
***Single-Replacement Reaction
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Example
Illustration
***Double-replacement reaction
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Example:
Illustration
Factors affecting the
rate of reactions:
_________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
Energy and Rates of Reactions
Exothermic reactions- energy is _____________________________________
Example: cellular respiration:
Endothermic reactions- energy is ____________________________________
Example: photosynthesis
Catalysts______________________________ ex:
Inhibitors_____________________________ ex:
Quick Lab:
Observe the two glow sticks, one in hot water and one in cold water.
Observations:
Place one effervescent tablet in cold water and one in hot water.
Observations:
Explanation:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________