IONIC COMPOUNDS &
NAMING
Ionic Compounds



A compound that is composed of ions
electrostatically attracted via an ionic bond
Note that only the arrangement of valence electrons
has changed.
Overall charge on the compound is 0
Ionic Bonds


The strong attractive force between ions of opposite
charge is called an ionic bond.
The force of the ionic bond holds ions together in an
ionic compound.
Properties of Ionic Compounds




High melting points due to strong attraction
between ions
Tend to be hard & brittle
Tend to dissolve in water
Electrolytes (conduct electricity in water)
Properties cont….




The compounds are well
organized and tightly
bound
Are solids at room
temperature
Positive ions are
surrounded by negative
ions & vice versa
Form 3D crystalline
structures known as crystal
lattice
Naming Ionic Compounds



The simplest ratio of the ions represented in an ionic
compound is called a formula unit.
The overall charge of any formula unit is zero.
In order to write a correct formula unit, one must
know the charge of each ion.
Naming Rules
Monoatomic ions + non-metal (Case II)




Metal retains its name
Non-metal gets its ionic name
Must add subscripts to the symbols for the ions until
the algebraic sum of the ions’ charges is zero.
(crisscross charges)
The smallest subscript to both ions that results in a
total charge of zero is 1.
Practice
Naming Rules
Variable Charged Metals + non-metal (Case III)

Metal retains its name


Denote charge on metal by adding roman numerals in ()
– ie Iron (II) for Fe2+
OR

Metal uses latin name

Ferrous for Fe2+




Use – ous for lower charge and ic for higher charge
Non-metal or anion gets its ionic name
Must add subscripts to the symbols for the ions until the
algebraic sum of the ions’ charges is zero. (crisscross
charges)
The smallest subscript to both ions that results in a total
charge of zero is 1.
Practice
Naming Acids


In general all acids contain a H+ (most likely will
start with)
Determine anion and look at ending
Naming Acids

If anion ends in –ate – change to –ic Acid
 HNO3

If anion ends in –ite – change to –ous Acid
 HNO2

 nitric acid
 nitrous acid
If anion end is –ide – change to hydro___ic acid
 HCl
 hydrochloric acid
Practice
Naming Hydrates


A hydrate is an ionic compound that has attached
waters in its crystalline structure
To Name
 Name
ionic compound
 Count the number of water
 greek
prefix for number of water + hydrate
Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate
 Formula
CuSO4  5H2O
Practice