Republic of
South Sudan
BY MARK LINK AND TARA GRAVALLESE
Background Information
Current
day South
Sudan
South Sudan is the world’s newest
country, located in Central-Africa with
a new capital (Juba). South Sudan
was founded on the 9th of July in 2011
after succession from Sudan over
constricting the rights of the
southerners in the political system.
The History of South
Sudan’s Struggle
Before the creation of South
Sudan, Sudan had many civil wars
and conflicts with southern rebels
over issues such as speech in
government and laws/
regulations.
The map above
shows the newly
defined borders
between Sudan and
South Sudan after
separation.
The First Civil
War

Lasted from 1955-1972 .

Started due to southerners wanting more
representation in political policy system.

In the 17 years of conflict over half a million people
died.

Only one in five of those people were actually
combatants of war, meaning the rest were innocent
civilians.

Finally ended with the enactment of the Addis Ababa
Agreement (1972).
The Second Civil War

1983 – 2005 (*technically)

This war was once again
between the Sudan
People’s Liberation
Movement/Army (SPLM/A)
and the Sudanese
government.

Looked like it was coming
to a conclusion with talks
of peace between 1988
and 1989.
The Second Civil War cant..

However, peace was forgot
when currently President
Omar al-Bashir took power in
the 1989.

Two and a half-million people
dead and over four million
displaced.

Finally the Sudanese
government and the SPLM/A
came to agreement for
peace with the help of
international mediators and
U.S. diplomacy in 2005.
But was peace truly achieved?

Since gaining their official independence in
2011, tension and violence still rock the country
and there is an uneasy feeling that the fighting is
not even close to ending.

On December 15, 2013 tensions between
factions loyal to the President Salva Kiir (Dinka
ethnic group) and those of his former VicePresident Reik Machar (Nuer ethnic group)
exploded into violent confrontation.

Bloodshed in the capital city of
Juba , as the streets became a
battle ground. Innocents and
families alike caught in the
cross-fire meant thousands more
lives lost.

Nations around the world hung
their heads at the realization
that even after so much success
in peace talks and treaties, that
South-Sudan was once again a
warzone.
How did the wars affect the Sudan
society
Many of Sudan’s residence have
never returned home since the
peace treaty.
 Many children whose entire
childhoods were in refugee camps
never learned to speak the local
dialect.
 As 40% of the civilians live below the
poverty line, many have feel they
have nothing to return to as their
houses are in rubble.
 While gone, many looters and
robbers ransacked buildings. Taking
whatever wealth the families had
left even after the destruction.

(Above is an illustration of a typical
Sudan refugee camp)
The Sad Statistics of South-Sudan

With an estimated still 2.2 million people
still facing crisis or emergency levels of
food insecurity, it ranks one position
under what levels would be during
famines or humanitarian catastrophe.

As of September 2014, 1.8 million people
are still to scared to return to their homes
even after humanitarian efforts have
help return over 3.1 million people safely.
Pledge Awareness
So what can we do? How can we make a difference?
With the case of South-Sudan it is
extremely difficult as the availability
of weapons, ethnic tensions among
armed groups, and limited economic
opportunity means the country is
primed for conflict.
We Pledge.
Along with many others, we pledge to not be silent about the
current genocide going on in South-Sudan. We as society can also
help by donating through the UN Refugee Agency, who are currently
having a problem with funding and aren’t able to give the kind of
support needed. It is estimated that if everyone donated just $2 that
we could help support those in need by a astounding 74% more then
current funding.
Work Cited
Title Image - http://www.fletcherforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/South-Sudan1.jpg
Map location on Africa - https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/South_Sudan_in_Africa_(claimed)_(-mini_map_-rivers).svg/635pxSouth_Sudan_in_Africa_(claimed)_(-mini_map_-rivers).svg.png
Background Flag Symbol - https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Seal_of_South_Sudan.svg/2000px-Seal_of_South_Sudan.svg.png
South Sudan facts about information and politics along with geography- https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/od.html
Sudan/ South Sudan Map - http://www.operationworld.org/files/ow/maps/lgmap/suda-MMAP-md.png
History of the conflicts in Sudan - http://www.enoughproject.org/conflicts/sudans/history-of-the-conflict
Tank picture - http://images.alarabiya.net/22/29/640x392_65096_209917.jpg
Young teens at war - http://c5.nrostatic.com/sites/default/files/uploaded/south-sudan-civil-war-r.jpg
Agreement Handshake between Sudan and SPLM - http://www.sudantribune.com/local/cache-vignettes/L395xH260/arusha_agreement_1_ap-7bec8.jpg
Conflicts created today http://www.rgs.org/OurWork/Schools/Teaching+resources/Key+Stage+3+resources/Africa+A+continent+of+contrasts/Conflict+in+Sudan.htm
Sudan Refugee Camp photo - http://www.rodgerbosch.co.za/photos/chad%20refugee/Img038.jpg
Sudan after peace treaty info - http://www.enoughproject.org/conflicts/sudans/conflicts-south-sudan
Sudan street corner - http://blog.gaborit-d.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Tomas-Munita%E2%80%94The-New-York-TimesRedux-times-2015.jpg
Graph - https://www.mint.com/sites/default/files/119596640.jpg
Statistic Information - http://www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/cases/south-sudan
UN funding - http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/06/refugee-crisis-un-agencies-broke-failing
Hands shaking - http://cliparts.co/cliparts/pT5/878/pT5878M8c.jpg