Who ARE
You????
Reconstruction
My person is
_________________________________
I am from the North or the South
PBLQ (Project Based Learning Question)
How do I feel about Reconstruction?
_________________________
Design your own cover:
P
S
E
Name _____________________________________ Block ____________
Reconstruction Who Packet SCORING RUBRIC
SCORE
DESCRIPTION
CATEGORY
4
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CATEGORY
3
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CATEGORY
2
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CATEGORY
1
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CATEGORY
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BLANK
The student completes all important components of the
task and communicates ideas clearly.

The student demonstrates in-depth understanding of the
relevant concepts and/or process.

Where appropriate, the student offers insightful
interpretations or extensions (generalizations, applications,
analogies).
The student completes most important components of the
task and communicates clearly.

The student demonstrates understanding of major
concepts even though he/she overlooks or misunderstands
some less important ideas or details.
The student completes some important components of
the task and communicates those clearly.

The student demonstrates that there are gaps in his/her
understanding.
The student shows minimal or basic understanding.
The student addresses only a small portion of the required
task(s).

Responses and work completed are incorrect.
No response.
Self Check Score ________________
or
Group check Score______________
Teacher Check Score ________________
Unit I.3 – Reshaping of America: 1865-1917
Standard:
Students will be able to explain and evaluate the positive and negative
consequences of Reconstruction (USII.3, a, b, c; 4c)
Learning Progression
Advanced
Proficient
Proficient
I can recommend one change that could have been made in legislation during the
Reconstruction period that would have allowed for a different outcome
I can make conclusions about the success or failure of the Reconstruction period from multiple
perspectives
Intermediate
I can list the positive and negative consequences of the Reconstruction period following
the Civil War and categorize each list with headings of “political,” “social,” or “economic”
Beginning
I can explain what the term “Reconstruction” means when identifying the time period after the Civil War
WHO Activities (1-7)
Activity #1: Who are you?
Based on WHO you are ________________answer the following
questions. Remember that you are answering from the perspective of
someone who lived through the Civil War, and the year is 1865 (at the end
of the war). Pick a Picture to match “YOU”.
Where did you live before the war?
How did you make money?
What kinds of power did you have
before the war?
What did you lose during the war?
What do you want now that the war
is over?
Who or what might stop you from
getting what you want?
Activity #2: Different Perspective
Select 3 people from your zip lock. Answer the questions below as if you were them.
Number your responses. Remember that you are answering from the perspective of
someone who lived through the Civil War, and the year is 1865 (at the end of the war).
NAMES
1.
*Real
People
2.
3.
4.
Where did you live before the war?
1.
How did you make money?
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
What kinds of power did you have
before the war?
What did you lose during the war?
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
What do you want now that the war
is over?
3.
Who or what might stop you from
getting what you want?
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
Activity #3 Justice for All???????
Who are you?
Source #1
 Answer the questions as your
“Who Person” would.
 Consider what you need and
want.
Sources A-D
 Look at Resource A, B, C, D: Find
your Matching Plan
Resources used Developed by Rob Gouthro & Fran O’Malley Delaware Social
Studies Education Projecthttp://www.tahfp.udel.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2010/12/PBL-Reconstruction.pdf
Revised by SHM
Resource #1
The year is 1865. The Civil War is over. The Confederate Army is defeated and
large parts of the South lay in ruins. Twenty percent of its adult male population died
in the war and thousands of others are returning home sick or wounded.
Additionally, nearly 4 million former slaves are now free men and women. Most are
without property, have nowhere to go, and find themselves unsafe in a society that
resents them.
Leaders from across the United States now have to figure out how to put a
deeply divided nation back together and “readmit” the former Confederate states – a
process commonly referred to as “Reconstruction.”
As early as 1863, President Lincoln recognized the need to develop a plan to
“readmit” Confederate states into the Union. He believed that a lenient/forgiveness
Reconstruction plan “with malice toward none” would encourage southern states to
end their rebellion, reduce hatred between the North/South and lead moderate
Southerners to support his Republican Party. However, most northerners and
Radical Republicans find themselves in no mood to be lenient, but rather desire
punishing the South. Especially after considering the costs of a long war – one that
cost 620,000 lives, $20 billion dollars, and incalculable suffering. Their plan is
presented by Congressmen Wade and Davis and is called the Wade Davis Bill.
Attitudes toward the South hardened further when an obsessed Confederate
sympathizer assassinated President Lincoln in April of 1865.
The new president, Andrew Johnson, has submitted a sort of lenient (less
strict) plan for “Restoration” but his plan has been challenged for a variety of reasons
by different groups in Congress and American society.
Source #1 Using Source #1 and what you have learned:
 Answer the questions as your “Who Person” would.
 Consider what you need and want.
 Complete Sentences
Readmission to the Union – Under what conditions should the former Confederate
states be admitted to the union?
War guilt – Should the civil and military leaders of the Confederacy stand trial or be
otherwise punished for their actions?
Disenfranchisement (right to vote taken away) – Should large numbers of southern
whites be stripped of the right to vote?
Land Redistribution - Should the land of wealthy plantation owners be redistributed
(divided and given) to former slaves? If so, should planters be compensated (given
something) for this land, and how?
African American citizenship – Should former slaves be granted full citizenship
with the right to vote?
Federal Government protection – What actions should the federal government take to
protect the legal and economic rights it grants to African Americans from southern
governments?
Who are you? ______________________________________ Resource A
Mark each as either: Political, social or Economic
Role Description:
P
P
P
S
S
S
E
E
E
The terrible cost of the war calls for a sweeping reform of the unrepentant
southern states. Slavery must be abolished, not only in name but also in fact. Former
blacks must be given the rights of citizens, including to the right to get an education, the
full protection of the law, and possibly even the right to vote. They must also be given
economic opportunities so they are not dependent on the whim of their former masters.
The aristocracy of the South does not wish to be reformed and must be destroyed: the
leaders of the rebellion must not be allowed to resume their leadership positions in the
south. Those common citizens who actively participated in the rebellion should also be
disenfranchised so they cannot block reforms.
Your Answers:
Readmission to the Union – A military governor should be appointed to govern each of the
former Confederate states until a majority of the population has taken a loyalty oath.
Qualified voters will then elect delegates to a constitutional convention(meeting to write a
constitution) , which must, 1) take back that they seceded from the Union, 2) abolish
slavery, 3) eliminate confederate war debt, and 4) ratify the 13 th Amendment.
Only those who swore an “Ironclad” oath that they had never borne arms against the Union
should be allowed to participate in this process.
War guilt - The leaders of the Confederacy are guilty of crimes against the United States. At
a minimum they must not be allowed to vote or hold public office. Better yet, the loss of
their plantations and a few years in prison might make them more humble in the future.
Disenfranchisement – Any common citizen who supported the rebellion should not be
allowed to vote in future elections.
H
I
G
H
L
I
G
H
T
What
Tells
You
Your
A
N
S
P
S
E
P
S
E
P
S
E
Land Redistribution – Taking land away from the wealthy leaders of the Confederacy will
destroy their power. Granting it to former slaves will give them the means to support
themselves and free them from dependency on their former masters.
African American suffrage - Although African American suffrage is radical (even most
northern states don’t permit AA to vote), the advantages are clear. Allowing blacks to
vote will help them to protect themselves. Also, because most former slaves will probably
join the Republican Party, allowing AA’s to vote will strengthen your party’s ability to win
future elections for Congress or the presidency.
Federal Government protection – The South is unlikely to change willingly. You favor the use
of federal force (the army) in order to enforce these reforms and provide protection to
freedmen and Union supporters
Which Plan do you support?
Lincoln-lenient/forgiveness
Radical Republicans Wade Davis Bill
Andrew Johnson “Restoration”
Why Fair and Just For You?
W
E
R
Who are you? ______________________________________ Resource B
Mark each as either: Political, social or Economic
P
P
P
P
S
S
S
S
E
E
E
E
H
Role Description:
Victory has come at a terrible price, but little will be gained if the South is pushed
too far. By granting the south a lenient settlement you hope to bring moderate southerners
into the Republican Party. If the Republican Party is seen as pushing a radical or “harsh”
plan of Reconstruction, the Democrats will grow in strength and threaten or reverse the
reforms brought about by the war. You believe that the South must accept the abolition of
slavery but, beyond this, you are reluctant to impose other radical reforms. You are willing
to give the South the benefit of the doubt for now. You expect the South to accept reforms
voluntarily and return to the Union peacefully. If the South shows itself to be unwilling to
do this, you may change your mind and support the radicals.
Your Answers:
Readmission to the Union - A temporary governor should be appointed to govern each
of the former Confederate states. The former confederate states must not be
readmitted to the union until 10% of the population has taken a loyalty oath. Qualified
voters will elect delegates to a constitutional convention(meeting to write a
constitution), which must, 1) take back that they seceded from the Union, 2) abolish
slavery, 3) eliminate confederate war debt, and 4) ratify the 13 th Amendment.
I
War guilt - You do not favor punishing the Confederacy too harshly. Once a citizen takes a
loyalty oath, his rights and property should be returned. The leaders of the rebellion
should be required to request a pardon and take the loyalty oath, but you do not support
other measures.
You
G
H
L
I
G
H
T
What
Tells
Your
A
Disenfranchisement - Confederate leaders should not be barred from public life once they
take a loyalty oath and receive a pardon.
N
Land Redistribution – You are a firm believer in the importance of property rights and do
not favor seizing Confederate property so that it can be redistributed to former slaves.
However, some way must be found to help the former slaves support themselves.
W
R
P
S
E
African American suffrage - Many slaves fought valiantly for the Union during the war, and
some are educated and well informed leaders. Exceptions should be made for these.
However, the idea of granting thousands of uneducated former slaves the right to vote
seems a little too radical.
P
S
E
Federal Government protection – Although you do not support granting AA equal rights or
enforcing social equality, some of the laws (i.e. “black codes”) already being passed in the
South are making you nervous. Perhaps some guarantee that AA will receive education
and be left alone could be provided?
Which Plan do you support?
Lincoln-lenient/forgiveness
Radical Republicans Wade Davis Bill
Andrew Johnson “Restoration”
Why Fair (SE) and Just (P) For You?
S
E
Who are you? ______________________________________ Resource C
Mark each as either: Political, social or Economic
H
I
Role Description:
P
P
S
S
E
E
The war is over. It is time to move on. The “Restoration” of the south should take
place as quickly as possible. Antagonizing the South further will only cause more trouble.
You tried to get “restore” the Union by putting your own plan into effect while Congress was
in recess. When southern representatives elected to Congress under your plan appeared in
Washington, members of Congress voted to exclude them. It seems that a conflict is brewing
between the President and Congress.
You realize the South is behaving recklessly and you have privately warned southern
leaders to take a moderate course, but you are unwilling to go much further than issue
warnings. You are against the “harsh” measures proposed by the Radicals, particularly the
ones that require southern states to give freedmen the right to vote and grant them civil
rights. You are also willing to grant a pardon to any southern leader who asks for one.
Your Answers:
Readmission to the Union – The procedures for your plan are not very different than
those proposed by the Wade-Davis Bill. A temporary governor should be elected to
oversee the process of reconstruction. You believe that qualified voters should elect
delegates to a constitutional convention (meeting to write a constitution) and, 1) take
back that they seceded from the Union, 2) abolish slavery, 3) eliminate confederate war
debt, and 4) ratify the 13 th Amendment.
War guilt - All ordinary southerners who are willing to take a loyalty oath should be
pardoned. Confederate officials should have to apply to the president in person for a
pardon, as should all wealthy southerners who supported the Confederacy. You are also
willing to include rich property owners in your list of people requiring a special pardon.
G
H
L
I
G
H
T
What
Tells
You
Your
A
N
S
P
S
E
Disenfranchisement – A pardon is a pardon. You do not support taking away the former
Confederate leaders’ or soldiers’ rights to vote.
W
E
P
S
E
Land Redistribution – You do not believe that the land owned by former slave owners
should be redistributed to freedmen i.e. former slaves.
P
S
E
African American suffrage - You are firmly against the idea of AA suffrage, example granting
AA the right to vote. In your own words, “white man alone must rule the south.”
P
S
E
Federal Government protection – You do not support any federal protection for AA’s civil
rights
Which Plan do you support?
Why Fair (SE) and Just (P) For You?
Lincoln-lenient/forgiveness
Radical Republicans Wade Davis Bill
Andrew Johnson “Restoration”
R
Who are you? ______________________________________ Resource D
Mark each as either: Political, social or Economic
H
I
Role Description:
P
S
E
You represent the defeated states of the former Confederacy. You know that in order
for peace and prosperity to return to the region a plan must be found which will be tolerated
by the citizens of the south. Ideally, you would like the country to go back to the way it was
before the Civil War. You went to war in order to defend states’ rights and local independence,
and these continue to be your important goals. You are also determined to maintain white
leadership of the south and will resist efforts to give-up power to former slaves. You must
decide what concessions you will make, if any, in order achieve these goals.
Your Answers:
Readmission to the Union – You favor readmission to the Union under the most favorable
terms possible. You 1) oppose military rule of the South, 2) would rather repeal than
repudiate/take back they had succeeded, and 3) believe that the debts of the Confederacy
should be honored.
G
H
L
I
G
H
T
What
P
P
P
S
S
S
E
War guilt – You will ask for a pardon if you must, but you expect it to be granted.
You
E
Disenfranchisement – You oppose any loss of civil rights for supporters of the Confederacy.
The leaders of the Confederacy are heroes and are the best and brightest the South has to
offer. You also believe that southerners should be able to elect whomever they want to serve
as representatives in government offices.
E
Land Redistribution – Property rights are the foundation of your way of life. You are willing to
grant slaves their freedom, but any further loss of property is not acceptable.
N
E
African American suffrage - You oppose allowing former AA’s to vote or hold office. You
believe that the idea is ridiculous and you will not tolerate it.
Tells
Your
A
S
P
P
S
S
E
Federal Government protection – You oppose any Federal intervention in state affairs. Also,
although you are willing to grant AA’s some rights (to marry, hold property, make contracts,
and sue in court), you are strongly opposed to granting blacks other rights such as the right to
serve on juries or testify in court. You also favor limiting what AA’s should have the right to
do in terms of employment (i.e. they must be farmers) and education, and you believe that
vagrants (AA’s without work or property) should be arrested and “hired out” to land owners.
Which Plan do you support?
Lincoln-lenient/forgiveness
Radical Republicans Wade Davis Bill
Andrew Johnson “Restoration”
No PLAN
Why Fair (SE) and Just (P) For You?
W
E
R
Activity #4
Tweeting the News: Civil War Amendments In #3
the boxes below,
create a live tweet that explains the news for each of the Reconstruction Amendments as if it were happening
in real time. Remember that you only get 140 characters! BE “WHO” YOU
In the boxes below, create a live tweet that explains the news for each of the Reconstruction Amendments as if it were
happening in real time. Remember that you only get 140 characters!
New Amendment Needed Now:
Today in America there have
been episodes of unfair treatment against others. The Amendments above were
designed to protect our citizens. Do we need a new Amendment to our Constitution and
if so what would you suggest? Can a LAW change a behavior or a way of thinking?
Activity #5 Final Reconstruction Plans
BE “WHO” YOU
S
C
R
E
A
M
____________________ from the
North supervised the South
____________________ from the
North took advantage of the
South
____________________ for
African Americans were gained
as a result of the Civil Rights Act
of 1866, which also authorized the
use of federal troops for its
enforcement
____________________ of the
Freedmen’s Bureau to aid former
enslaved African Americans in
the South
____________________ could
hold public office in the South
____________________ leaders
from the South could not hold
public office
Is it positive or
negative?
Is it political, social
or economic?
Activity #6: Who are you?
“SCREAM" Your Frustrations!
While attending a parade for President Johnson, you find that you have 30 seconds
to scream at him positively or negatively depending on your “WHO” person.
You need to clearly show your knowledge of Congress’s Reconstruction policies.
Be sure to say something about at least three of the policies from your SCREAM
notes.
Today in America there have been episodes of unfair treatment against others. In either picture is
someone being unfairly treated and therefore unhappy? Yes or No and how do you know?
What would one of these Individuals SCREAM back if they could?
Could any law or policy by our government change either person’s behavior?
Yes or No? Why?
If Yes, Write your new law here:
Activity #7 What would change? - Each group member complete one chart and
share your answers with your group members. Use Activity 1-6 for help.
Former Confederate leaders could not hold public office.
Political Why?
Why Negative for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Make the policy opposite. Write it.
What would change if opposite?
Political Why?
Now, Why Positive for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Tell me 2 things about life in the South that would change if now positive?
Change #1.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Change #2.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Carpetbaggers came to the South.
Economic Why?
Why Negative for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Make the policy opposite. Write it.
What would change if opposite?
Economic Why?
Now, Why Positive for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Tell me 2 things about life in the South that would change if now positive?
Change #1.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Change #2.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
African Americans could hold public office.
Political Why?
Why Positive for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Make the policy opposite. Write it.
What would change if opposite?
Political Why?
Now, Why Negative for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Tell me 2 things about life in the South that would change if Negative?
Change #1.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Change #2.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
“Military” Federal troops were placed in the South to reinforce the equal rights.
Social Why?
Why Positive for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Make the policy opposite. Write it.
What would change if opposite?
Social Why?
Now, Why Negative for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Tell me 2 things about life in the South that would change if now Negative?
Change #1.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Change #2.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Black Codes written to limit the freedoms.
Social Why?
Why Negative for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Make the policy opposite. Write it.
What would change if opposite?
Social Why?
Now, Why Positive for?
The North
The South,
The Freeman
Circle one
Tell me 2 things about life in the South that would change if now positive?
Change #1.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?
Change #2.
How do you know, support yourself with Reconstruction Facts?