Bellringer: 11/5
• Take out your Age of Absolutism vocab.
• Take 5 minutes for one last review before
the quiz today.
Table of Contents Update:
• 49: Vocab Quiz: Age of Absolutism
• 50. Absolutism in England
Questions/Final Notes
• 51: Study Guide: Age of Absolutism
Agenda: 11/5
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1. Bellringer: Vocab Review
2. Vocab Quiz: Age of Absolutism
3. Final Notes: Absolute Monarchs
4. Absolutism in England: CSI Activity
Homework: 11/5
• 1. Complete study guide on Age of
Absolutism.
• 2. Study for mini-test on Age of
Absolutism on MONDAY, 11/9 (NEXT
CLASS)
Quick Notes:
The Last
Absolute
Monarchs
Charles V: Holy Roman Emperor
• In the 1500s Spain gained land, this
meant that Spain gained “power
and influence.”
• Spain had an ABSOLUTE RULER,
Charles V.
• What he controlled:
– Spain
– Spain’s colonies in the New
World
– Parts of Italy, Netherlands, and
Austria
– Much of Germany
• Charles V split his land, and retired
to a monastery
Phillip II of Spain
• His dad was Charles V
• His dad left him Spain, and many of
his other holdings
• Spain became very rich from their
colonies in the New World, this
made Phillip very wealthy and
powerful.
• Philip was a defender of
Catholicism, (he hated the Muslims
and Protestants) so he sent his
large naval fleet to England to
punish all non-Catholics.
Frederick the Great of Prussia
• An “Enlightened absolute
monarch”
• Did not claim divine right to
strengthen his rule
– Wants to use more “humane”
ways (think reforms) to expand
his empire
• Military-minded (wants to
expand)
• Will fight many wars
– War of Austrian Succession
– The Seven Years War
• f
The English Civil War: Setting
the Stage
• Charles hates Parliament  so he fired Parliament
• Then he needed them back to get $$$$
– He “re-hired” them.
• The only way that Parliament would give him money is if
he signed the Petition of Right.
–
–
–
–
No false imprisonment
No taxes w/o Parliament’s consent
No housing of soldiers in homes
No martial (absolute) law in peace time
• Charles signed it – then he IGNORED it.
• Parliament then withheld money – He fired them again…
English Civil War Starts
• Why? – because the people were mad at
Charles for firing the Parliament (and
Parliament was mad too)
• When? – 1642 – 1649
Loyalists
•Supported Charles
•Called “Cavaliers”
VS
Roundheads
•Supported Parliament
•Leader was Oliver
Cromwell
Results of the English Civil War
• Oliver Cromwell’s
Roundheads
defeated the
Cavaliers and
imprisoned Charles
• They put him on
trial, sentenced him
to death – chopped
his head off.
Changes in Power
• Oliver Cromwell took over
following the civil war
– Formed a military state
– Very strict
• Charles II in power
– After Cromwell died, the people
wanted to have a king – Charles II
(Charles I’s son) took over.
– He got along better with the
Parliament, restoration took place
in England.
The Glorious Revolution
– 1685 Charles II died with NO heir
– James II took over (but he was Catholic –
the horror!)
• He soon offended Parliament and voted some
Catholic friends into high office (against the law)
• Parliament protested, so he fired them
• His wife then had a son and the people were
scared that a long line of Catholics would rule.
Glorious Revolution (cont’d)
– HOWEVER, James had an older Protestant
daughter (Mary) who married William of Orange.
– Parliament invited William to overthrow James II.
He brought an army, James II fled the country
– Thus, the Glorious Revolution began and ended
with no fighting
– William and Mary begin their reign and develop a
CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY :
There is a monarch in place,
however they are limited in
their power