Bellringer: 10/5
P I C K UP P A P ER S B Y THE DO O R .
TA K E O UT YO UR A G E O F
DI S C O V E R Y V O C A B UL A R Y F O R A
H O M EWO R K C HEC K .
Table of Contents Update
27: A G E O F DI SC O V ER Y N O TES
28 : EXP L O R ER S N O TES
29 : P R I M A R Y SO UR C E:
C O L UM B US L ETTER
Agenda: 10/5
1 . B EL L R I N GER : H W CH ECK (VO CA B )
2 . N O TES : A G E O F EX P L O R AT ION P A R T S 1 AN D 2
3 . P R I M A R Y S O UR C E
R EA DI N G S /Q UESTI O N S : CO L U MB U S' S
L ET T ER T O FER D I N A N D A N D I SA B EL L A A N D A N A ZT EC
A C C O U NT O F C O R T ÉS' S A R R I VA L
Part 1: The Age of
Discovery
WHY DID EUROPEANS DECIDE
TO EXPLORE THE GLOBE?
WHO WENT EXPLORING?
What makes Europe able to go exploring?
 Middle Ages:
 Europe had gotten used to Asian luxuries
 The Black Death limits trading with Asia
What makes Europe able to go exploring?
 Renaissance:
 Population increase = increase in demand
 Technological and economic developments
What makes Europe able to go exploring?
 Reformation:
 Catholic missionaries (Jesuits)

Part of Counter (Catholic) Reformation
What are Europeans interested in?
 Trade with the Middle East and Asia
 1. SPICES
 2. Silk
 3. Porcelain
 4. Tea
What are Europeans interested in?
 5. God, Glory, Gold
 Gold ------------Literally looking for gold & money
to be made
 God -------------Spread religion, freedom of
religion, stop spread of a religion
 Glory ----------- Competition of nations,
individual accomplishments
Navigational Advancements
 Cartography (mapmaking) became more
accurate
Navigational Advancements
 Astrolabe: used to
determine latitude at
sea (originally Greek
and Arab)
1388 (left)
1600 (above)
Navigational Advancements
 Magnetic Compass:
determining direction
More Navigational Advancements
 Mercator Projection: type of map that
shows latitude and longitude as straight
lines
More Navigational Advancements
 Sextant: determining
the altitude of sun and
stars
Other Technological Advances
 Caravel: combined the
square sails of European
ships with triangular
sails

PURPOSE: Made it
easier to sail across or
into the wind
 Additional armaments
on ships —additions of
cannons
Who’s exploring?
 Portugal
 Mapped the coast of Africa (Prince Henry)
 Sea Route to India (Da Gama)
Who’s exploring?
 Spain
 Caribbean Islands (Columbus)
 Line of Demarcation (divided land)
 Naming “America”—Vespucci
 “El Paso” (Sea Route to the East Indies—Magellan’s
voyage)
If we can’t travel around South America, can
we go North?
 England:
 Cabot discovers fishing grounds off of North
America
 Drake explores the Northwest US
If we can’t travel around South America,
can we go North?
 Netherlands:
 Hudson explores Hudson River
If we can’t travel around South America,
can we go North?
 France:
 Cartier: St. Lawrence River valley
Who was affected by the Age of
Discovery?
 South and Central
America
 Africa
 East Asia
 EUROPE
PART 2: Explorers in the
Age of Discovery
WHO WERE THEY? WHAT DID THEY DO?
WHERE WERE THEY FROM?
1) Prince Henry the Navigator
 When? 1400s
 For whom? Portugal
 Brought together
geographers, astronomers,
and mathematicians to
study cartography
(mapmaking)
 Sponsored voyages into
Africa
**Henry himself never left
Portugal
2) Vasco da Gama
 When? 1497
 For whom?
Portugal
 First Portuguese
(and European)
explorer to reach
India by sea
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFIyuYPP6PE
3) Christopher Columbus
 When? 1492
 For whom? Spain
 Discovered the American
continents (by landing in
the Caribbean)
 Made four separate
expeditions into the New
World
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=My8Vd-NZ8Qo
4) Hernando Cortez
 When? 1513
 For whom? Spain
 Discovered Mexico and
conquered the Aztecs
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oicgynllrfY
5) Francisco Pizarro
 When? 1530s
 For whom? Spain
 Explored South America
 Discovered and conquered
the Incan Empire
6) Ferdinand Magellan
 When? 1519-1521
 For whom? Spain
 Murdered in the Philippines
 His crew circumnavigated the globe
 Discovered the Strait of Magellan
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y94s85-Crew
7) Francis Drake
 When? 1560s-1570s
 For whom? England
 Raided Spanish ships for gold
 Second man to circumnavigate the globe
8) Jacques Cartier
 When? 1530s and 1540s
 For whom? France
 Claimed Canada for France
Primary Source
Reading(s) + Questions
P l ease r ead t he ar t i cl e on t he f r ont of t he sheet .
W hen f i ni she d r e ad i ng , answ er t he q u est i ons on t he bac k
of t he w or ksheet .
W hen y ou ar e f i ni shed , y ou c an c hec k y our v ocabul ar y
ag ai nst t he key p ost ed on t he scr een.
Homework:
Finish the remaining primary source worksheet.
You will have a NOTEBOOK QUIZ next class. Please have your notebook in
order when you come to class on Wednesday.