• Renaissance – “__________________________”
– Renewed interest in ______________________ and ___________________ styles and methods in the
Humanities
The Renaissance Beginnings
Why Italy?
– Home to ruins of the ________________________ Empire
– Crusades and trade with _______________________ Empire
– Trade with ___________________ and ________________________
– Rich Italian city-states
– ___________________ Family (patrons of the Arts)
Humanism
• Theory that emphasizes human _________________________ and ______________________ inquiry and deemphasizes the importance of religious focus
• Study of the ____________________________ (philosophy, art, literature, etc.)
Italian Renaissance: Writers
• Francesco Petrarch
– One of _________ __________________________ and proponent of classical writers
• Niccolo Machiavelli
– Diplomat and historian
– Wrote “________________________________________”
– Government should be ___________________ and ______________________ without much concern for morals
Italian Renaissance: Art
• __________________________ and ____________________________ images were a contrast to “other worldly” art of Medieval times
• Perspective - technique making _______________________ objects ______________________ than those in the foreground
(__________________); create __________________________ of depth on a ________________________ surface
Italian Renaissance: Artists
 Leonardo da Vinci
- “_____________________________________” (architect, engineer, painter, sculptor, and scientist)
- science influencing art  realistic figures
- “_____________________________________________” and
“___________________________”
“School of Athens” by Raphael
 Michelangelo
- ____________________ ____________________
(at the Vatican)
- sculptures such as “______________________”

 Raphael
- known for paintings/depictions of ______________________
”Madonna del Granduca” by Raphael
“Pieta” by Michelangelo
• Renaissance spreads from ____________________ through the _________________ and
____________________ of Europe (Danube, Rhine)
• New universities
• PRINTING PRESS – _______________________ ________________________ (Germany) was 1st European to use movable type to print books
What book do you think was printed the most?
Northern Renaissance: Writers
• Desiderius Erasmus
– Interested in Early _________________________ and
______________/________________ periods
– “_________________ of ___________________” – criticisms of Christian faith
• Thomas More
– “_______________________” (imaginary, ideal society)
– ________________________ for not going along with King Henry VIII’s annulment request and recognizing Henry as the head of the church
Northern Renaissance: Artists
• Jan and Hubert van Eyck
– Attention to detail and ___________________ expression
– More ___________________ than symbolic
• Peter Brueghel
– Scenes of village __________________ and _______________________
– Used paintings to criticize intolerance
• Albrecht Durer
– Copper engravings and woodcuts