Chapter 2
Management
Theory
Chapter Objectives
1. Define management, sport management, and a
manager
2. Understand the functions of the management process
3. Identify the different management styles and the
benefits and drawbacks of each
4. Understand the difference between a manager and a
leader
What is Management?
• Management is the process of accomplishing an
organization’s goals while dealing with resource
constraints.
• In order to achieve the organizational goals laid out
by those in charge, it is necessary to adhere to the
functions in the management process, which include,
but are not limited to, planning, organizing, staffing,
leading, and controlling.
What is Sport Management?
• Sport management is the academic discipline that
teaches and trains individuals who have a desire
to work on the business side of the sport industry.
• Potential areas of the industry for those in sport
management to work in include, but are not
limited to:
– Collegiate athletics or the National Collegiate
Athletic Association
– Professional athletics
– Interscholastic athletics
– State and national sport governing bodies
– United States Olympic Committee
– International sport governing bodies
– Community and recreational sport
– Youth organizations
– Coaching
What is a Manager?
• A sport manager is the individual who is responsible
for the planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and
controlling functions that are completed for the
organization.
• The sport manager is responsible for achieving an
organization’s goals while working within the
resources that are available.
Functions in the Management
Process
• A manager must carry out the five primary functions
of the management process:
– Planning
– Organizing
– Staffing
– Leading
– Controlling
• These functions can be the difference between
running a successful or an unsuccessful organization.
Functions in the Management Process:
Planning
• Define where the organization wants to be in the
future and how to arrive there.
• Setting goals during the planning stage should follow
the SMART (Specific, Measureable, Attainable,
Realistic, and Timely) principle.
• Develop plans to coordinate and implement the work
that needs to be done.
• Make decisions and quickly understand the situation;
weigh the pros and cons of each possible decision;
and decide on a course of action.
Functions in the Management Process:
Organizing
• Involves breaking down the total work that has to be
completed into different jobs and creating a plan to
coordinate how these jobs will be assigned to
individuals and completed.
• Determine what is needed to meet the organizational
goals, who will be responsible for each area, and how
it will be effectively accomplished.
Functions in the Management Process:
Staffing
• Involves making sure there are enough staff members
in the organization to achieve the organizational
goals.
• Create a job description to outline the position and the
work that will be performed.
• It is the organization’s responsibility to train the
person to the job specification, the organization
culture, expectations, and so forth.
• Secure volunteers to help run the event.
Functions in the Management Process:
Leading
• The process of using social and informal processes to
influence employee’s performance.
• Responsible for directing, influencing, and
motivating the employee.
• Nurture and mentor their employees.
• Communication may be the most important piece of
the leading process.
Functions in the Management Process:
Controlling
• Process of monitoring employee’s performance and
taking action to ensure desired results.
• Hold employees accountable and provide the
opportunity for the manager to provide feedback to
the employees about their performance.
• Providing oversight and feedback along the way will
help keep all employees on task, which should assist
the organization in meeting its overall goals.
Management Styles
• Each manager will have his or her own distinct
management style.
• While everyone is certainly different, there are five
specific types of management styles or philosophies
managers may fall into while in the workplace.
Management Styles (cont.)
Leadership
• Leadership is process of influencing individuals or
groups of people to work toward a shared goal.
• Leaders and managers are not the same thing.
• A leader does not necessarily have to be the manager
and a manager is not always a leader.
• While leading is one of the five aspects of the
management process, not everyone is able to be an
effective leader.
Effective Leadership Guidelines
• There are several guidelines that one must follow in
order to be an effective leader.
– Lead by example
– Delegate
– Communicate
– Passion
– Demonstrate competence and knowledge
– Know your staff
– Creativity
– Be loyal