LCLS Instruments Update Sébastien Boutet LCLS (CXI) Instrument Scientist June 25, 2009
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LCLS Instruments Update Sébastien Boutet LCLS (CXI) Instrument Scientist June 25, 2009 LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 1 1 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu LCLS Instruments Near Experimental Hall AMO SXR Bozek X-ray Transport Tunnel Robert Boutet Hastings XPP Schlotter Rowen Fritz XCS CXI AMO: SXR: XPP: XCS: CXI: MEC: MEC Atomic, Molecular and Optical science Soft X-Ray materials science X-ray Pump-Probe X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy Coherent X-ray Imaging Matter in Extreme Conditions LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 2 Far Experimental Hall 2 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Atomic, Molecular and Optical science (AMO) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Instrument Location : Instrument Energy Range : Spectral Width : Source Distance : Focal Spot : Key Components : Sept. 2009 NEH Hutch 1 800 – 2000 eV 0.3% 120 m >1 μm KB mirrors Ion Time-of-Flight Gas Jet Electron Spectrometers (5) LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 3 3 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu AMO Instrument Science Investigate multiphoton and high-field x-ray processes in atoms, molecules and clusters Multi-photon ionization/excitation in atoms/molecules/clusters Accessible intensity on verge of high-field regime Study time-resolved phenomena in atoms, molecules and clusters using ultrafast x-rays Inner-shell side band experiments Photoionization of aligned molecules Temporal evolution of state-prepared systems LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 4 4 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu AMO Instrument Design Magnetic Bottle Pulse Energy Monitor LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 Gas Jet Electron Spectrometers Ion Time-of-Flight 5 5 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu AMO Instrument Schedule Complete assemblies in May 2009 Complete mechanical instrument installations by June 30th Can start AMO commissioning in July (w/o Refocus System & Magnetic Bottle) Install Refocus Optics by the end of July/ early August Update all red-lined drawings and release to document control Critical Path Items/Concerns KB System Installation RP Certification Commissioning LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 6 6 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Soft X-Ray materials science (SXR) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Spring 2010 Instrument Location : NEH Hutch 2 Instrument Energy Range : 800 – 2000 eV Spectral Width : 0.3%, 0.02% Source Distance : 120 m Focal Spot : ~10 μm Key Components: KB Mirrors Grating Monochromator/ Spectrometer LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 7 7 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Consortium The SXR instrument is being built by a consortium formed between Stanford University, the University of Hamburg, CFEL (at DESY), LBNL, and the LCLS. The instrument is a soft x-ray beam line capable of monochromatic, “white” beam and spectrometer mode operations. SXR will be operated as a general user instrument. Consortium members get a slight preference during early operation only. All experiments will be handled through the LCLS proposal process. The end stations are to be supplied by users. User may collaborate with any of groups with listed endstations (http://lcls.slac.stanford.edu/sxr/SXRTechEndStations.aspx) or propose their own systems. LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 8 8 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Funding Stanford: $750k committed $500k at SLAC Remainder available as needed LBNL: $377k in kind design and engineering support Hamburg/DESY: $1800k committed $1200k at SLAC $300k due in May $300k due in July LCLS: $1500k committed and at SLAC LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 9 9 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Design Monochromator/ Spectrometer Exit Slit & Spectrometer Detector KB Mirrors Pulse Picker Transmission Sample Chamber LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 10 10 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Design For overview see http://lcls.slac.stanford.edu/sxr/SXRTechOverview.aspx Single pulse shutter Transmission sample Chamber LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 M1 Mirror & Grating System Exit slit & Spectrometer Detector 11 11 K-B Photon End Stopper Focusing Stations Optics (user supplied) Beam Dump Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Science/Endstations End Stations proposed to date: (http://lcls.slac.stanford.edu/sxr/SXRTechEndStations.aspx) CFEL-ASG Multi-Purpose (CAMP), atoms to nano-particles: Max-Planck ASG at CFEL Surface Chemistry PES/XES/XAS: Stanford Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT): MPI Heidelberg & LLNL Momentum Resolved X-ray Scattering: Stanford & LBNL Resonant Imaging: Stanford Liquid Jet - Chemical Dynamics: CFEL, MAX-lab & MPI Gottingen LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 12 12 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Schedule LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 13 13 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu SXR Instrument Schedule SXR instrument had slow start due to funding issues The SXR instrument is on a very tight schedule Only <2 week float to final installations during the January-February down. The critical item is the monochromator as it is in the 1st hutch. The critical path item are the K-B mirrors in the 2nd Hutch. The funding hurdles are past. There are no show stoppers at this time. SXR should be ready for beam by the end of February 2010. LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 14 14 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu X-ray Pump-Probe (XPP) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Summer 2010 Instrument Location : NEH Hutch 3 Instrument Energy Range : 4 – 25 keV Spectral Width : 0.3%, 0.01% Source Distance : 140 m Focal Spot : >2 μm Key Components : Monochromator Pump Laser System Diffractometer 2D Detector Robotic Detector Mover LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 15 15 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Time Resolved Scattering C. Siders LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 16 16 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPP Instrument Science • Phase Transitions - Order / Disorder - Metal/Insulator • Charge Transfer Reactions - Photosynthesis - Photovoltaics - Vision • Vibrational Dynamics • Energy Dissipation and Flow photoexcitation Stampfli and Bennemann Phys. Rev. B 49, 7299 (1994) photoexcitation LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 17 17 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPP Instrument Design Detector Mover Ultrafast Laser Detector Diagnostics X-ray Optics & Diagnostics LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 18 18 Sample Goniometer Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPP Instrument Design LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 19 19 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPP Instrument Schedule FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 Preliminary Design Reviews X-ray Optics Support Tables – August 2008 Detector Mover Support – May 2009 XPP Advanced Procurement Review – November 2008 Final Instrument Design Review – February 2009 Final Design Reviews Optical Table Layout\Containment – November 2008 X-ray Optics Support Tables – January 2009 Detector Mover Support – May 2009 CD-3 - July 2009 Award PO Sample Goniometer – April 2009 Hutch Facilities – June 2009 Detector Mover – March 2009 X-ray Optics Support Tables – April 2009 Laser Containment System – April 2009 Optical Tables – April 2009 Detector Mover Support – July 2009 Receive Optical Tables – May 2009 Hutch Facilities – August 2009 X-ray Optics Support Tables – July 2009 Laser Containment System – July 2009 Detector Mover – June 2009 Sample Goniometer – April 2010 Detector Mover Support – September 2009 Ready for User Run – July 2010 Critical Path Items/Concerns Diffractometer Procurement Process (ARRA) RP Certification LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 20 20 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy (XCS) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Fall 2011 Instrument Location : FEH Hutch 4 Instrument Energy Range : 4 –25 keV Spectral Width : 0.3%, 0.01% Source Distance : 420 m Focal Spot : >10 μm Key Components : Monochromator Diffractometer 2D Detector Large Angle Detector Stage Split and Delay LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 21 21 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Coherent X-rays Coherent Scattering (Speckles) Speckles : scattering patterns produced by the coherent illumination of the sample XPCS : observation of the time-fluctuation of speckle patterns Characterization of the underlying dynamics of the system XPCS is independent of the scattering geometry (SAXS, Diff., GI-SAXS, Refl.,…) XPCS probes dynamical phenomena LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 22 First Hard X-ray Speckles 22 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPCS / Coherent Scattering at XFEL’s Intensity autocorrelation function Dt Dt Dt Dt 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 Dt Dt Time-average Brilliance •1/(Rep. Rate) < tC< mach stab •Large Q’s accessible 23 23 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Ultrafast XPCS with a Split and Delay Unit LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 24 24 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Ultrafast XCS : Split & Delay Peak Brilliance & Pulse Duration t •Pulse duration < C< several ns •Large Q’s accessible Development of Split and Delay technology is crucial to success in Ultrafast dynamics with XFEL’s LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 25 25 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XPCS Capabilities on XFEL’s LCLS Ultra Fast Mode Sequential Mode LCLS Beam Parameters Full Transverse Coherence 8 and 24 keV LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 High Time–average Brilliance Rep. Rate 120 Hz 26 26 High Peak Brilliance Short pulse duration ~70fs Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XCS Instrument Science Ultra dilute systems ( gazes , aerosol, fogs, fumes) Ionic liquids and Transport theories Nano-systems (nanoscale = sub ns dynamics) Biological samples dynamics (in their native state) Dynamics of hard materials ( phonons, low-E excitations,… ) Hard condensed matter phase transitions 1600 -10 °C / 1 bar Q= 1.6 t=5±3 H 2O 2nm-1 t-1 F(Q,t) (a.u.) S(Q,E) (a.u.) 2400 ps 800 0 -10 -5 LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 0 E (meV) 5 0.8 0.0 -0.8 1 10 10 100 t (ps) 27 27 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XCS Instrument Design Hutch 4 Optics, Diffractometer Large Angle detector Mover Split and Delay Area Post-Monochromator Large Offset Monochromator LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 28 28 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu XCS Instrument Schedule Preliminary Design Reviews CY08 CY09 CY10 CY11 CY12 Long Table- May 2009 Vacuum – May 2009 Diffractometer- March 2010 Large Angle Mover – March 2010 Final Inst. Design Rev – June 2009 Final Design Reviews Vacuum – August 2009 Long Table- August 2009 Diffractometer- June 2010 Large Angle Mover – July 2010 Project ready for CD-3 – June 2009 Award PO Critical Path Items/Concerns Large Angle Mover – November 2009 Diffractometer- December 2009 Long Table- January 2010 Vacuum – January 2010 Diffractometer Detector Procurement Process (ARRA) RP Certification Receive Long Table- February 2010 Vacuum – April 2010 Diffractometer- December 2010 Large Angle Mover – February 2011 XCS Early Science – August 2011 Project Ready for CD4 - April 2012 LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 29 29 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Coherent X-ray Imaging (CXI) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Instrument Location : Instrument Energy Range : Spectral Width : Source Distance : Focal Spot : Key Components : LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 30 30 Summer 2011 FEH Hutch 5 4 – 11 keV 0.3% 440 m 10 μm ,1 μm, 0.1 μm KB Mirrors (2 pairs) Sample Chambers (2) 2D Detector Detector Stage Particle Injector Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules One pulse, one measurement Particle injection LCLS pulse Noisy diffraction pattern Wavefront sensor or second detector Combine many measurements into 3D dataset Data Frames LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 Combined Data Set 31 31 Reconstruction Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu CXI Instrument Science 3D bio imaging beyond the damage limit Single reproducible biomolecules that can’t be crystallized Protein molecule injection Proteins Membrane Proteins Viruses Molecular complexes Molecular machines Biomolecular structure determination from nanocrystals No need for large high quality crystals LCLS detector 2D imaging of irreproducible samples detector Live hydrated cells with particle injector Large Molecular Complexes Nanoparticles Quantum dots Amorphous nanoparticles To mass spectrometer High fluence X-ray-matter interactions X-ray diffraction pattern LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 32 32 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu CXI Instrument Design Diagnostics/ Common Optics Diagnostics & Wavefront Monitor 1 micron Sample Environment 0.1 micron KB & Sample Environment 1 micron KB Reference Laser LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 33 33 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu CXI Instrument Design Particle injector Detector Stage (upstream position) Sample Chamber Detector Stage (back position) LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 Precision Instrument Stand 34 34 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu CXI Instrument Schedule FY08 Preliminary Design Reviews FY09 FY10 FY11 Reference Laser – March 2009 1 micron Sample Chamber – March 2009 Detector Stage – May 2009 1 micron Instrument Stand – June 2009 Particle Injector – September 2009 1 micron KB System – September 2009 0.1 micron System – January 2010 Ion TOF – May 2010 CXI Advanced Procurement Review – October 2008 Final Instrument Design Review – June 2009 Final Design Reviews Reference Laser – April 2009 Detector Stage – September 2009 1 micron Sample Chamber – September 2009 1 micron Instrument Stand – September 2009 Particle Injector – January 2010 1 micron KB System – December 2009 0.1 micron System – May 2010 Ion TOF – June 2010 Project Ready for CD-3 - July 2009 Award PO 1 micron KB System – June 2009 0.1 micron System – July 2009 1 micron Sample Chamber – January 2010 Detector Stage – January 2010 1 micron Precision Instrument Stand – January 2010 Receive 1 micron Sample Chamber – April 2010 1 micron Precision Instrument Stand – May 2010 Detector Stage – July 2010 1 micron KB System – October 2010 0.1 micron System – October 2010 Critical Path Items/Concerns KB Mirrors Procurement Process (ARRA) RP Certification Early Science Installation Complete - April 2011 LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 35 35 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) XCS AMO SXR CXI MEC XPP Operational Parameters Start Date : Spring 2013 Instrument Location : FEH Hutch 6 Instrument Energy Range : 4 – 25 keV Spectral Width : 0.3% Source Distance : 460 m Focal Spot : ~2 microns Key Components : Target Chamber fs Pulse Laser ns Laser Diagnostics LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 36 36 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MEC Instrument Science Creating Warm Dense Matter 10 µm Generate ~10 eV solid density matter Measure the equation of state solid sample short pulse probe laser FEL 100 µm Probing dense matter with Thomson Scattering Perform scattering from solid density plasmas Measure ne, Te, <Z>, f(v) dense heated sample XFEL back scattered signal ~ 100 µm Plasma spectroscopy of Hot Dense Matter forward scattered signal CH Use high energy laser to create uniform HED plasmas Measure collision rates, redistribution rates, ionization kinetics XRSC Al FEL tuned to a resonance High Energy Laser: ≤ kJ, ≤ 10 ns Probing High Pressure phenomena Ablator Use high energy laser to create steady high pressures FEL-beam Produce shocks and shockless high pressure systems Non-collective scattering Study high pressure matter on time scales < 1 ps Diagnostics: Diffraction, SAXS, Diffuse scattering, Thomson scattering LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 37 37 Au shields Collective scattering Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MEC Instrument Design Short pulse laser system X-ray Optics (copy of LUSI design) Target Chamber (copy of LLNL/ LANL design) Long pulse laser system LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 38 38 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MEC Laser System Short Pulse Laser 150mJ 35fs 800nm Commercially available system Long Pulse Laser 4x30J 0.1-100ns 532nm Commercially available parts Custom designed system LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 39 39 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MEC Instrument Components Target diagnostics: Fourier Domain Interferometry (FDI): Obtain 5Å-scale resolution with 50 fs timescale of surface motion and phase shift Visible Interferometer System for Any Reflector (VISAR): Obtain pressures of sample exposed to high pressure along a line with continuous visible streak camera-based temporal coverage Spectrometers: Measure X-ray, XUV, and visible spectra X-ray diffractometer with large solid angle recording and in situ single exposure readout Optical Streak cameras: pyrometry and continuous visible spectroscopy Ion time of flight detector (TOF) Measure species and energy of particles created in LCLS and laser matter interactions 2-D CCD detectors LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 40 40 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MECi Project The MEC Instrument is a MIE project funded by the Office of Fusion Energy Science It will be fully funded by ARRA Stimulus funds ESAAB approval for CD-0 on 5/21/09 DOE-HQ S. Eckstrand, Acquisition Executive Greg Pitonak, Program Manager DOE-SSO Support DOE-SSO H. Joma DOE Federal Project Director Instrument Team Leaders WBS 1.2 X-ray transport System SLAC R. Boyce MECi Project Manager WBS 1.3 Laser Systems LCLS Directorate Support WBS 1.4 Target Diagnostics WBS 1.5 Data Acquisition & Controls G. Haller (Lead) W. White R. Boyce LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 R. Boyce 41 41 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu MECi Schedule Critical Decision timeline CD-0 approval May 21, 2009 Funding release expected: June 2009 Window for Independent External Review Aug-Sep 2009? Window for DOE CD-1 Review Nov 2009 Start long lead procurement January 2010 Window for DOE CD2/3 Review Aug-Sep 2010 CD-4 March 2013 MEC Workshop held in April 2009 Input on Target Chamber & Diagnostics selection LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 42 42 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu Summary AMO In Installation Phase Start Commissioning: July 2009 Start User Operations: September 2009 SXR In Procurement Phase Start Installation: Fall 2009 Start Commissioning: April 2010 XPP In Procurement/Fabrication Phase Start Installation: Fall 2009 Start Commissioning: July 2010 XCS In Design Phase Start Procurement, Fabrication: LUSI CD-3 (~August 2009) Start Commissioning: August 2011 CXI In Design Phase Start Procurement, Fabrication: LUSI CD-3 (~August 2009) Start Commissioning: May 2011 MEC Working on Conceptual Design Report: CD-1 November 2009 Start Commissioning: March 2013 (CD-4 Date) LCLS Instruments Update SAC Meeting, June 25 2009 43 43 Sébastien Boutet sboutet@slac.stanford.edu
