TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
North American Colonies
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Objectives
•
Explain why the colony of New France grew slowly.
•
Analyze the establishment and growth of the
English colonies.
•
Understand why Europeans competed for power
in North America and how their struggle affected
Native Americans.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People
•
New France – French possession in present-day
Canada from the 1500s to 1763
•
revenue – income
•
Pilgrims – English Protestants who rejected the
Church of England
•
compact – an agreement among people
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People (continued)
•
French and Indian War – a war between
France and England that erupted in 1754 in
North America and ended in 1763
•
Treaty of Paris – the agreement that officially
ended the French and Indian War as well as
other fighting between France and England, and
ensured British dominance in North America
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
How did European struggles for power
shape the North American continent?
France and England followed Spain in settling
North America. Though their hopes for gold or
passage to Asia were not met, they did turn
profits in their new domains.
By 1700, the two nations controlled vast parts
of North America. Their colonies were very
different from those in Spanish America.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
France claimed vast amounts of land in North
America during the 1500s.
• The nation called these claims New France.
• Jacques Cartier explored the coastline in 1534
and discovered the St. Lawrence River.
• French missionaries followed the explorers,
attempting with little success to convert Native
Americans to Christianity.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Despite large French land claims and wide
exploration, settlement was slow.
•
The first permanent
French settlement
was not founded until
1608.
•
Farming was hard in
the cold Canadian
climate, so many
settlers became fur
trappers and traders.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Louis XIV wanted to increase revenues from
New France in the 1600s.
He sent more settlers and soldiers to North America.
However, he forbade Protestants from settling in
New France.
Partly as a result, the population of New France was
smaller than that of the growing English colonies.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
England established colonies along the Atlantic
seaboard in the 1600s.
•
The English founded their first permanent colony
at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.
•
The settlement was organized by an English
company hoping to gain wealth from the New
World.
•
Many early settlers died of starvation. Jamestown
began to thrive once the colonists started growing
and exporting tobacco.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Pilgrims arrived in present-day
Massachusetts in 1620.
• They were English Protestants who rejected the
Church of England.
• Seeking religious freedom, they set sail from
Plymouth, England, in the Mayflower.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
While still on their ship, the Pilgrims signed
the Mayflower Compact.
This compact, or
agreement, set
guidelines for
governing the
new colony.
The Mayflower
Compact was an
important step
toward selfgovernment.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Many Pilgrims died during the early days of
the Plymouth colony.
Native Americans
taught them to
grow corn, fish,
and survive the
harsh winters.
In time, a new wave of
English Protestants
arrived and founded
the Massachusetts Bay
Colony.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The English established additional colonies
in the 1600s and 1700s, for many reasons.
Virginia
New York
Commercial ventures
organized for profit
Massachusetts
Pennsylvania
Maryland
Havens for persecuted
religious groups
Georgia
South Carolina
Gifts from English kings
to loyal supporters
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
English
colonists
learned
to create
wealth by
using native
resources.
•
People in New England built
fishing, timber, and
shipbuilding industries.
•
Those in the middle colonies
grew grain.
•
Settlers in the South grew cash
crops such as rice and tobacco
and developed a plantation
economy.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
English colonists had a large degree of
self-government.
•
This grew out of English tradition in which both
Parliament and the rights of citizens tempered
the power of the king.
•
Colonists expected the same rights as freeborn
English citizens.
•
Each colony had its own representative assembly
that advised the royal governor appointed by the
king.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
European powers in North America began
to fight in the 1600s to protect their
interests—and to expand them.
The two main
rivals were France
and England.
The French and
Indian War erupted
between them in 1754.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The French and Indian War was part of a
worldwide conflict known as the Seven Years’
War.
•
France won several victories early on.
•
The tide turned in 1759 when British troops
captured Quebec, the capital of New France.
•
In 1763, the Treaty of Paris officially ended
the war and established British dominance in
North America.
•
However, France regained sugar-producing islands
in the Caribbean and slave-trading outposts in
Africa that the British had seized during the war.