Coordinating and Financing R&D in
Developing Countries-moving beyond PDP's
The ANDI Experience
Solomon Nwaka
CEWG on R&D Financing & Coordination, April 6, 2011
1
ANDI Vision
"Creating a sustainable platform for R&D innovation
in Africa to address Africa’s own health needs"
2
ANDI touches 8 elements of the GSPOA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
prioritizing research and development needs;
promoting research and development;
building and improving innovative capacity;
transfer of technology;
application and management of intellectual property;
improving delivery and access;
ensuring sustainable financing mechanisms;
establishing monitoring and reporting systems.
3
Evolution of ANDI
4
>500 people at ANDI Meeting Nairobi 2010
5
Mapping & priority setting exercise
supports ANDI establishment
Exploratory Research
Natural product / TM
Clinical
Marketing
Medicinal Chemistry
IP management
Regulatory
Manufacturing
Pre-clinical toxicology
Safety / pharmacology
API production
6
Competency research centers exist

Cities with 30 or more
articles published in
the 2004 - 08 period
 Total of 90 cities in 27
countries
 16,647 biomedical
articles led by African
authors included in
analysis
Note: Only top 40 cities by research output labeled
SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science
7
R&D collaborations biased externally
e.g. HIV/AIDS
Size equivalent to no.
of article with lead author
UCL
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med
Univ Washington
Univ Alabama
CDC
Univ North Carolina
Johns Hopkins Univ
Columbia Univ
Harvard Univ
Univ London
Univ Oxford
Univ Amsterdam
Institut Pasteur
WHO
UCSF
Makerere Univ
Univ Nairobi
Muhimbili Univ
Univ Zimbabwe
Univ Witwatersrand
Natl Inst Communicable Dis
SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science, UCINET
Univ KwaZulu
Univ Cape Town
8
Patent activity also biased externally
Canada
Belgium Netherlands
UK
France
US
Japan
Morocco
Tunisia
Egypt
Guinea
Patent #
Benin
1 -2
3-4
Kenya
5-8
9 - 11
> 11
Madagascar
Uruguay
South Africa
Total: 164
Note: Patents published in the period 2004-2009 by WIPO or the US and European patent offices with at least one assignee from Africa
(under under International Patent Codes A61K or A61P)
SOURCE: Delphion, VantagePoint, UCINET
9
ANDI approach has received political recognition
WHA62.16, 2009: "ANDI is a key initiative aimed at
supporting and promoting African led health product
innovation…."
AMCOST, 2010: "AMCOST welcomes…African
Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation
(ANDI) and its anticipated contribution to the
science, technology and innovation……''
10
Governance
 Hosting Agency
Board
– UNECA
Executive
committee
(EC)Board
Finance
Committee
(FC)
 Board
– Co-Chaired by:
Minister Mugo of Kenya (Health)
STAC
Minister Pandor of South Africa (S&T)
African
Fund
Innovation
Fund
ANDI Office
– 12 members with >75% from Africa
Advocacy
– WHO, AfDB, UNECA
IP/technology transfer
 Secretariat
R&D coordination
– Operates through regional hubs
North
hub
West
hub
Central
hub
South
hub
East hub
11
ANDI business model – network-based projects
Scope
Function
Project 1
Project 2
Project 3
Example:
Drug for
TB/Malaria
Example:
Schisto
diagnostic
Example:
TM1 project
▪ Project/portfolio management
Core R&D
▪ Funding
activities
▪ IP management
Network
support
▪ Research equipment
▪ Research facilities
▪ Knowledge/IT management
▪ Advocacy
Brokerage ▪ Public/private partnerships
Competence/excellence centers developed
R&D capability built
Infrastructure improved
12
ANDI's IT platform - open access and secure
components
Open Access
Search Engine
African &
ANDI R&D
Professional
Network
Protocols,
SOP &
Reporting
Processes
Research
library, tools &
Information
System
Research &
ANDI
policies
Networking & Knowledge Management Space
Secure Backbone
ANDI database
Basic
Research
Product
Discovery
Product
Development
& Clinical
Regulation/
Manufacturing
ANDI PPP1 management tool
13
Technical progress & challenges
– Centres of Excellence for health innovation in Africa being
identified (public & private)
• Call resulted in 130 applications being reviewed
– Call for projects resulted in 207 project applications
• Projects being reviewed & prioritized for funding
– Key challenge is: $$$$$$$
• EU have provided seed funds
14
Financing options
 Trust Fund at UNECA
– Seeking to grow to $30M p.a. in regular contributions in 5 years
– Actively fund raising
 Exploring
– Additional Trust Funds with other partners
– Endowment Fund
 Potential to leverage financing for projects / infrastructure
–
–
–
–
National Resources (public and private)
Governments and development agencies
Development and trade banks
Foundations and others …….
15
One measure of success in 5 - 10yrs
16
Lessons learned through ANDI
 Desire for regionally coordinated / facilitated approach
– Support at technical, business and political levels important
 Address interface between research and market access early
– Local product manufacture, regulatory and IP issues
 Need for alignment between public and private sectors
– Interest from governments, development and private banks
 Link to Regional Science, Technology and Innovation policies
– Support for SMEs, manufacture and commercialization
 R&D financing should consider ALL these opportunities and the
potential power of catalytic financing and leverage at local level
17
Future coordinating role may be required
18