SEEA-Energy
Alessandra Alfieri
Expert Group Meeting on Energy Statistics
SEEA-Energy and other UNSD activities
ISIC, CPC, HS
SIEC
SNA
SEEA
SEEAW
IRWS
Compilation
guidelines
Data
SEEA-E
IRES
TSA
IRIS
IRTourism
Compilation
guidelines
ESCM
Questionnaire
Data
Data quality assessment
Best practices/knowledge base
Data
…
Why an accounting approach?
policy
relevance
Indicators
Accounts
SEEA
SEEA-Energy
Basic data
Econ. Stats Energy Stats
Inter-linkages underlying causes
IRES
Provides added value:
• Integrates basic statistics
from different sources and
links it with other types of
statistics
• Improves statistical quality by
guaranteeing consistency
(checks and balances)
• Provides policy-makers with
coherent time series of data,
indicators and descriptive
statistics for scenario modeling
• Implicitly defines ownership
and hence responsibility for
environmental impacts
3
Why SEEA-Energy?
Indicators:
- Intensity/productivity indicators
- Decoupling indicators
- Energy dependency from imports
Input-output analysis:
- Decomposition analysis
- Embedded carbon in products
Accounts:
- Part of integrated framework  comparison macro-economic
parameters, international comparibility etc.
- Link physical data with economic data: taxes, subsidies
- Produce data for National Accounts
- Compilation of air emission accounts
Integration of energy statistics, balances and accounts
Basic data
Energy balances
Simplified physical
supply and use tables
Price information
Production accounts
Monetary supply
and use tables
Energy accounts
(physical and monetary)
National
Accounts
Use and usefulness of SEEA-Energy
• Low cost extension of energy statistics and balances
• Complete and coherent presentation of energy issues
with focus on economic activities
• Accounting principles with cheks and balances leads to
completeness and improved quality
• Consistency across time and countries
• Basis for economic-energy analysis and modelling
• Basis for (SEEA-) emissions accounts
• Basis for consistent indicators
Main areas of SEEA-Energy
• Stock accounts (asset accounts) in physical and
monetary units
• Flow accounts in the form of supply and use tables for
energy products in physical and monetary units
• Hybrid accounts combining physical and monetary
accounts
• Monetary 2008 SNA type accounts for economic
activities and transfers related specifically to energy
extraction, energy production and energy use
• Applications of the energy accounts
SEEA-Energy - Chapters
Chapter 1 + 2: Introduction and Framework
Chapter 3: Physical asset accounts
Chapter 4: Monetary asset accounts
Chapter 5: Physical flow accounts
Chapter 6: Monetary and hybrid flow accounts
Chapter 7: Applications
Total
output
Industries by ISIC
A
B
C
D
H
E-G, I-U
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas steam and air
conditioning supply
Transportation and storage
Other industries
5.3 Supply (full table)
Imports
of which
Total
Total
supply
Purchased
by residents
abroad
Mass/volume
and Joules
TeraJoule
To the
economy
Supply to other economic units
1. Coal, coke, gas work gas and peat
a) Coal, coke and peat
b) Gas work gas
2. Oil
3. Natural Gas 1)
4. Electricity
5. Heat
6. Renewable fuels and waste
a) Solid biomass and wastes
b) Liquid biofuels and biogas
Total transactions
Production for own use, etc. 1)
1. Coal, coke, gas work gas and peat
a) Coal, coke and peat
b) Gas work gas
2. Oil
3. Natural Gas
4. Electricity
5. Heat
6. Renewable fuels and waste
a) Solid biomass and wastes 1)
b) Liquid biofuels and biogas
Total own use 1)
To the
environment 2)
Losses and returns to the env. 2)
1. Coal, coke, gas work gas and peat
a) Coal, coke and peat
b) Gas work gas
2. Oil
3. Natural Gas
Reinjection
Flaring and venting
Losses in distribution
4. Electricity
5. Heat
6. Renewable fuels and waste
a) Solid biomass and wastes
b) Liquid biofuels and biogas
Total losses and returns
225
0.5
722
369
39
39
369
150
102
17
1 091
0.3
28
560
22
16.9
622
2 107
1 194
0.1
31
2
0
15
28.1
31
2
0
15
28.1
31
2
37
0.2
1.5
37
2
37
2
52
34
115
115
0
0
4
0
32
7
355
28
0.3
930
73
560
2.0
2.0
2.0
0
32
7
6
26
1
39
42
1 161
225
0.5
1 990
739
173
102
56
15
1) Includes also waste delivered from one economic unit to another without payment
2) Includes also energy lost due to thefts
338
0.5
1 060
739
150
102
3
410
32
689
2
0
6
0
32
7
2.0
6
26
0
1
2.0
76
2 298
6
1 200
3 301
8
26
0
1
0.2
560
83
3 498
Total use
Intermediate Consumption, Industries by ISIC
A
B
C
D
H
E-G, I-U
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity, gas steam and air
conditioning supply
Transportation and storage
Other industries
5.4 Use (full table)
Total
Total
Industries
Consumption by
households
Changes in
inventories
Exports
Total
final
conof which
sold to non- sumption
resi-dents
on national
territory
Total
TeraJoule
From the
environment
Within the
economy
Energy resources (gross extraction)
U.1 Natural gas
Extraction for own use
Reinjection
Flaring and venting
Extraction for distribution
U.2 Crude Oil
U.3 Natural bitumen, extra heavy oil, shale oil, sand oil and
U.4 Coal
U.5 Peat
U.6 Uranium ores
Total energy resources
Use of energy received from other economic units
1. Coal, coke, gas work gas and peat
a) Coal, coke and peat
b) Gas work gas
2. Oil
3. Natural Gas 1)
4. Electricity
5. Heat
6. Renewable fuels and waste
a) Solid biomass and wastes
b) Liquid biofuels and biogas
Total transactions
Own use of energy. etc. 1)
1. Coal, coke, gas work gas and peat
a) Coal, coke and peat
b) Gas work gas
2. Oil
3. Natural Gas
4. Electricity
5. Heat
6. Renewable fuels and waste
a) Solid biomass and wastes 1)
b) Liquid biofuels and biogas
Total own use
2
437
28
32
7
369
724
437
28
32
7
369
724
437
28
32
7
369
724
1 161
1 161
1 161
0.1
34
2
7
2
2
2
0.3
0.0
18
0.0
367
39
34
7
223
3
0.1
4
31
50
4
469
724
16
452
2
15
0.3
1) Includes also waste delivered from one economic unit to another without payment
28
628
1
0.4
102
28
39
63
1.9
-3
2
801
201
49
1
38
33
0.3
1
127
2 002
267
- 22
1 055
31
31
- 19
0.4
900
232
88
63
225
0.5
1 990
739
173
102
34
73
1 300
3 301
0.1
31
2
15
28.1
31
2
15
28.1
31
2
0.2
37
1.5
37
1.9
37
1.9
15
71
115
115
28
0.3
621
0
6
1
243
0.1
1 089
507
84
39
- 21
0.0
49
12
35
29
Mass/volume and Joules
Net energy consumption and GDP
160
Index 1990 = 100
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
Net energy consumption
GDP
Energy intensity of industries
Index 1990 = 100
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
1990
Agriculture
Services
1995
Chemical sector
Dutch economy
2000
2005
Transport
2007
SEEA-Energy vs. Energy Statistics
Danish Energy Use – GJ per million DKK GDP
1.200
1.000
SEEA-Energy (residence principle)
800
600
Energy statistics (territory principle)
400
200
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Management of wealth
Mln Sm3
Bln euro
160
2 500
140
2 000
120
100
1 500
80
1 000
60
40
500
20
0
0
Value
Volume
Differences between accounts and
balances
• Conceptual
– Territory vs. Residence (important only for some countries)
– Follows national accounts structure including ISIC,
CPC/SIEC
– Losses
– Statistical difference
• Terminology
– Supply, final demand, stocks, etc.
• Presentation
– By economic activities
– Physical and monetary (and hybrid)
But
- We should focus on the links between the SEEA-Energy and
the data items
IRES Chapter 11- what next?
• Revise the chapter to reflect the changes in SEEAEnergy (e.g. emission accounts no longer included)
• Add a section on the usefulness of the SEEA-Energy
• Terminology – explain difference in terminology with
the balances and why it should be maintained
• Data items
– Taxes on production and products (need both)
– Monetary data items on production, consumption, export
and imports
• Add text saying that the accounts should be ideally
compiled from the basic data rather than from the
balances
• Add Annex explaing the links between the data items
and standard tables
SEEA-Energy - What next?
So far:
• Part of UNSD work programme
• The main part of the drafting has been done but needs to:
– Reflect changes made in IRES, in particular SIEC
– Harmonize classification of resources and SIEC?
– Issue: monetary and physical flow may use different classifications
Remaining work:
• Finish drafting (end December 2010)
• Expert Group Meeting on Energy Accounts and Statistics
(Jan 2011)
• World-wide consultation (Feb. – March 2011)
• Adoption by the UN Statistical Commission
Implementation in countries!
Thank you!