Chapter 3/4 Study Guide
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, correct the underlined term(s) so that the statement is true.
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1. Prehistoric refers to a period of time before written records were kept.
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2. Sieur de La Salle established a trading post on the Red River and kept detailed notes of present-day
Louisiana.
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3. During the Paleo Period (Clovis and Folsom People), big game hunters were nomadic.
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4. The Archaic people were the first to use fire.
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5. The mounds of the Moundbuilders were used for sacrifices, hospitals, and temples.
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6. The expedition of Juan de Onate provided the first recorded contact between the Indians and the Spanish in
Oklahoma.
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7. Before he died, Christopher Columbus discovered an all-water route to the Far East.
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8. Francisco Coronado was the first Spanish explorer to find gold in the New World.
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9. The Cortes and Pizzaro expeditions were failures because they failed to find anything of value in Oklahoma.
____ 10. Beringia was sought out after the expedition of Panfilo Narvaez as a shortcut to the riches of the East Indies
and China.
____ 11. The main reasons Spanish conquistadors explored North America was for “glamor, greatness, and God.”
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12. Spanish explorers Cabeza de Vaca and Ponce de Leon traveled through Oklahoma in search of El Dorado and
Cibola.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. What are items used by ancient peoples, e.g., pottery, weapons, tools, and jewelry, called?
A) antiques
B) artifacts
C) fossils
D) heirlooms
2. From where do most scientists believe the ancestors of American Indians originated?
A) Africa
B) Asia
C) Europe
D) South America
5. Which characteristic describes the earliest peoples in North America?
A) They were nomads.
B) They were farmers.
C) They were fishermen.
D) They were gatherers.
6. Large animals, like the mastodon, may have become extinct for all of the following reasons except
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A) a change in climate.
B) an extreme drought.
C) overhunting by early people.
D) disease brought by European explorers.
7. Why did the Early Plains Indians become nomadic?
A) They wanted to find a different source of food.
B) They began trading with several tribes of Indians.
C) They could not farm because the climate became too dry.
D) They became trappers and followed animals for their furs.
8. Why did European countries want to find a shorter route to the Far East?
A) Goods would be cheaper.
B) They could make more trips.
C) The route they used was rough and dangerous.
D) Sailors did not want to be away from home so long.
____ 13. What was the purpose of Columbus’s voyage?
A) to make an accurate world map
B) to find sources of gold and silver
C) to find a route to China and India
D) to determine if the world was round
____ 19. Which explorer, who was with Panfilo de Nárvaez, recorded information about the Indians, land, flora, and
fauna that he saw in the southwestern United States?
A) Francisco Coronado
B) Vasco de Gama
C) Cabeza de Vaca
D) Hernando Cortez
____ 20. What Indians did Francisco Coronado find when he reached Quivira?
A) Apache
B) Caddo
C) Pueblo
D) Wichita
____ 21. Why did early Europeans come to America?
A) to obtain tobacco
B) to civilize Indians
C) to find gold and silver
D) to establish settlements
For the following descriptions put the letter of the correct group of prehistoric people that match the
description. Letters can be used more than once.
A. Early Plains Indians
B. Archaic Culture Foragers
C. Woodland Culture
D. Plains Village Farmers
22. First to use the bow and arrow.
23. First to use the atlatl
24. First to farm
25. Earliest human skeleton found in Oklahoma dates to this prehistoric group
26. Climate was similar to today making farming possible, but risky
27. Climate became too dry to farm, relied on the buffalo for everything
28. Site in Panhandle suggests that these people participated in trade system that extended to the Pacific
Ocean
29. 1st group to build more permanent shelters since they were not moving around as much as before
30. Were present in Western Oklahoma when Coronado arrived.
A.
B.
C.
D.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Conquered the Aztecs
Conquered the Incas
Won a great treasure of gold and silver (2)
Told stories of cities of gold
Told King and Queen of Spain that new lands had “infinite quality of profitable things”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
Christopher Columbus
Hernando Cortes
Francisco Pizarro
Cabeza de Vaca
Francisco Coronado
Ferdinand Magellan
Marco Polo
Juan de Onate
Bernard de la Harpe
Explored Oklahoma (3)
Searched for Quivira and Cibola (2)
Wrote in book that he believed the riches of China and East Indies could be reached by sea
Sailed west to reach China and the East Indies
Expedition led to the search for the Northwest Passage