Statistics to Support Policies
on Work and Life Balance
Kyunghee Kim
Employment Statistics Division
Statistics Korea
Contents
1
Korea in the World
2
Aspects of Korean Society
3 Initiatives Taken
4 Statistics on Work and Life Balance
5 Future Plan
1. Korea in the World
Human Development Index & Gender Inequality Index
2
Country
HDI
GII
Norway
0.955
0.065
Australia
0.938
0.115
U.S.A.
0.937
0.256
Netherlands
0.921
0.045
Germany
0.920
0.075
New Zealand
0.919
0.164
Ireland
0.916
0.121
Sweden
0.916
0.055
Switzerland
0.913
0.057
Japan
0.912
0.131
Canada
0.911
0.119
Korea
0.909
0.153
Source : UNDP Report(2012)
1. Korea in the World
Total Fertility Rate Trend
3
Country
1970
1995
2011
Norway
2.50
1.87
1.88
Australia
2.86
1.82
1.88
U.S.A
2.48
1.98
1.89
Netherlands
2.57
1.53
1.76
Germany
2.03
1.25
1.36
New Zealand
3.17
1.98
2.06
Ireland
3.87
1.85
2.04
Sweden
1.94
1.74
1.90
Switzerland
2.10
1.48
1.52
Japan
2.13
1.42
1.39
Canada
2.33
1.62
1.61
Korea
4.53
1.63
1.24
Source : OECD Family Database(2012)
1. Korea in the World
Total Fertility Rate and Employment Rate
Country
2011 TFR
2012 Women(15-64)
Employment rate(%)
Norway
1.88
73.8
Australia
1.88
66.6
U.S.A.
1.89
62.2
Netherlands
1.76
70.4
Germany
1.36
68.0
New Zealand
2.06
67.0
Ireland
2.04
55.2
Sweden
1.90
71.8
Switzerland
1.52
73.6
Japan
1.39
60.7
Canada
1.61
69.2
Korea
1.24
53.5
Source : OECD Employment Outlook(2013)
4
1. Korea in the World
Total Fertility Rate and Employment Rate
1980
3
5
Source : OECD Family Database(2012)
2010
1. Korea in the World
Employment Rates and Gross National Income
Norway
2012 Women(15-64)
Employment rate (%)
73.8
Australia
66.6
59,570
U.S.A.
62.2
50,120
Netherlands
70.4
48,250
Germany
68.0
44,010
New Zealand
67.0
30,620
Ireland
55.2
38,970
Sweden
71.8
56,210
Switzerland
73.6
82,730
Japan
60.7
47,870
Canada
69.2
50,970
Korea
53.5
22,670
Country
Source : World Bank(Atlas method, current US$, 2012)
6
GNI per capita(US$)
98,860
1. Korea in the World
GNI and Hours Actually Worked
Country
GNI per capita(US$)
Average annual hours
Norway
98,860
1,420
Australia
59,570
1,728
U.S.A.
50,120
1,790
Netherlands
48,250
1,381
Germany
44,010
1,397
New Zealand
30,620
1,739
Ireland
38,970
1,529
Sweden
56,210
1,621
Switzerland
82,730
1,636
Japan
47,870
1,745
Canada
50,970
1,710
Korea
22,670
2,090
Source : OECD Employment Outlook(2013)
7
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-1
Socio-cultural background
 Gender role ideology
 Outside for men and household for
women
 Husband’s honor to keep their wives
at home
 Housework burdens on women
8
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-2
Spend time doing household chores
Dual income couples
Non dual income couples
Wife
Husband
Wife
Husband
2 hours 38min.
24 min.
4 hours 11min.
19 min.
Source : Statistics Korea, Time Use Survey(2009)
9
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-3
Low labor force participation rate of women
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
10
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-4
Long working hours

Socializing after work
Low fertility

Spending more on education per child
Women’s wage is about 70 percent of
men’s wage
11
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-5
Employed by Status
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
12
3. Initiatives Taken
Legal Authority
Labor Standards Act(Protection for pregnant
women, Childcare time)
Framework Act on the Promotion of Women’s
Status(1995)
Framework Act on the Preparedness for Low Birth
Rate and an Aging Society(2005)
Act on Equal Employment for Women and Support
for Work-Family Balance(2007)
Act on the Promotion of Economic Activities of
Career-Interrupted Women(2008)
13
3. Initiatives Taken
Polices on Work and Life Balance-1
Agencies Involved
14
①
Ministry of Strategy and Finance
②
Ministry of Health and Welfare
③
Ministry of Employment and Labor,
④
Ministry of Gender Equality and Family
⑤
Statistics Korea
3. Initiatives Taken
Polices on Work and Life Balance-2
Planning of Development of Statistics on
Work and Life Balance(November, 2010)
Policies on Work and Life Balance
①
Childcare and Family-Friendly Policy
②
Vacation Policy
③
Working Hour Policy
④
15
Female Worker Policy
Statistics Korea
3. Initiatives Taken
Statistics Produced by Statistics Korea
Topics
① Dual
Income Couples
② Women
in Career Discontinuity
③ Flexible
Working Schedule
Method : Supplementary Questions in Local
Labor Force Survey
16
3. Initiatives Taken
Local Labor Force Survey
Objective
Employment statistics for 156 Si/Gun areas
Method
Personal interview, Internet survey
Sample
Persons aged 15 or older of 199,000 households
Periodicity Semi-annually
Questions
17
Seeking jobs, working hours, employment
status, industry, occupation, etc.
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Dual Income Couples-1
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
18
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Dual Income Couples-2
Percentage of Dual Income Couples by Age Groups
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
19
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Dual Income Couples-3
Dual Income Couples by Industry
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
20
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-1
Labor Force Participation Rate by Age Groups
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
21
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-2
Act on the Promotion of Economic Activities
of Career-Interrupted Women

Any women whose economic activities have ever
been interrupted by pregnancy, childcare, care
for a family member or any similar reason or who
have never been engaged in any economic
activity but who desire now to have a job
22
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-3
Local Labor Force Survey

Married women aged 15-54 who are
unemployed or not economically active
because
of
getting
married,
getting
pregnant, giving birth or rearing children.
23
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-4
Size of Women in Career Discontinuity
Married women aged 15~54
(9,747,000, 100.0%)
Unemployed or not economically
active(4,049,000, 41.5%)
Women in Career Discontinuity
(1,978,000, 20.3%)
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
24
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-5
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
25
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-6
Career Discontinuity by Age Group
(unit : thousand persons, %)
Married Women aged 15~54( A)
Unemployed or Non Economically Active(B)
Women in Career Discontinuity(C)
(C/B)
Total
9,747
4,049
1,978
20.3
48.9
15~29 years
609
336
221
36.3
65.8
30~39 years
3,120
1,579
1,115
35.7
70.6
40~49 years
3,989
1,377
511
12.8
37.1
50~54 years
2,029
757
131
6.5
17.3
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
26
(C/A)
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-7
Reason for Career Discontinuity
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
27
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Women in Career Discontinuity-8
Working Period Before Career Discontinuity
(unit : thousand persons, %)
Less than
1 year
Total
1∼3 years
Over 5 years
1,978
100.0
306
15.5
824
41.7
431
21.8
418
21.1
15∼29 years
221
100.0
57
25.8
104
47.1
41
18.6
20
9.1
30∼39 years
1115
100.0
173
15.5
463
41.5
241
21.6
238
21.4
40∼49 years
511
100.0
59
11.5
199
38.9
118
23.1
135
26.4
50∼54 years
131
100.0
16
12.2
58
44.3
32
24.4
25
19.1
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
28
3∼5 years
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-1
29
①
Part-time
②
Flextime
③
Hourly basis
④
Telecommuting
⑤
Compressed work week
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-2
13.4% of wage workers use flexible
working schedule.
Women, temporary workers, workers in
public service and wholesale are more
likely to use flexible working schedule.
30
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-3
Flexible Working Schedule by gender
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(March, 2012)
31
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-4
Wage workers prefer part-time, flextime or
hourly basis.
Wage workers not using FWS would like to
use flextime or hourly basis in the future.
8.1% of unemployed and non economically
active person would like to be a part-timer
even though they could have full-time jobs.
32
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-5
Flexible Working Schedule by Status
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(March, 2012)
33
5. Future Plan
Korean Government’s Efforts
Strengthen public childcare and education
for young children, their parents and local
communities
Provide training opportunities for women in
career discontinuity with Center for New Jobs
Create a variety of suitable jobs such as
decent part-time or hourly basis
34
5. Future Plan
Statistics Korea’s Role
Produce relevant statistics on work and life balance
Meet new demands by continuous cooperation with
various governments

Experience of job training

The employed who experienced career discontinuity

The working hours of dual income couples with
under 7 years children
35
Thank you