Exam 2 Practice
1. The scientist that designed the first microscope, when he was a glass blower, was
A. Hooke.
B. van Leeuwenhoek.
C. Darwin.
D. your Mom.
2. Which of the following scientists disproved the idea of spontaneous generation?
A. Hooke
B. Schwann
C. van Leeuwenhoek
D. Virchow
3. (2) Explain the concept of the homunculus?
4. (4) Cite two points of what is known as the cell theory of life?
5. The term resolution means ? when applied to a microscopic image.
A. magnification
B. cost
C. contrast
D. clarity
6. The advantage of staining cells with antibodies lies in the ? of the images.
A. magnification
B. cost
C. specific contrast
D. clarity
7. The advantage of an Environmental EM over other electron microscopes is the
A. magnification.
B. resolution.
C. ability to view living specimens.
D. smaller size.
8. (4) Cite four differences between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell strategy?
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9. The molecules of a cell membrane the has a polar head and a non-polar tail is
A. protein.
B. cholesterol.
C. phospholipid.
D. carbohydrate.
10. The membrane amount of this molecule helps to change the fluidity of the membrane?
A. old socks
B. cholesterol
C. phospholipid
D. carbohydrate
11. The molecule of a cell membrane that acts as a kind of cell marker is the
A. carbohydrate.
B. cholesterol.
C. phospholipid.
D. little one.
12. (2) Cite two requirements for passive transport to occur across a cell membrane?
13. If a cell were placed into a hypo-tonic solution it would ? water.
A. make
C. gain
B. lose
D. balance
14. Water moves across a cell membrane by a process known as
A. facilitated diffusion.
C. osmosis.
B. simple diffusion.
D. active transport.
15. Charged molecules and ions move across a cell membrane via the membrane
A. proteins.
B. cholesterols.
C. phospholipids.
D. variances
16. A cell that would move bulk items from inside to outside its membrane practices the fine art of
A. endocytosis.
B. exocytosis.
C. molecular dumping.
D. translocation.
17. (2) Cite two requirements for active transport to occur across a cell membrane?
18. (2) Name two molecules that would be found in the cell’s cytoplasm, beside water?
19. The cell’s cytoplasm (cytosol) consistency is most like
A. concrete.
C. a semi-solid colloid.
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B. liquid water.
D. a tootsie roll.
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20. (2) Cite two ways in which the nuclear membrane differs from the cell membrane?
21. Which of the following organelles would have a triple membrane structure?
A. chloroplast
B. nucleus
C. mitochondria
D. all the above
22. Ribosomes consist of a packet of RNA joined to a molecule of
A. carbohydrate.
C. protein.
B. genes.
D. lipid.
23. (7) Match the organelles in column A with the functions in column B. Use each organelle only
once and each function only once.
nucleus
rough ER
smooth ER
golgi apparatus
lysosome
peroxisomes
mitochondria
A. modifies, concentrates, and packages protein
B. destroys structural items inside a cell
C. stores the genetic material
D. destroys glucose to produce ATP
E. builds protein via ribosomes on its surface
F. builds lipids, stores, ions, or detoxifies molecules
G. removes atomic waste from the cytoplasm
24. The cytoskeletal proteins that are designed to move the cell from place to place are
A. actin.
B. tubulin.
C. keratins.
D. megapowerstrokers.
25. Proteins that are designed to maintain the cells shape are called
A. microfilaments.
C. intermediate filaments.
B. microtubules.
D. both B and C.
26. Short, moving membrane extensions designed to move substances across the cell are
A. cilia.
B. microvilli.
C. flagella.
D. fingerlings.
27. (2) Cite two functional differences between a cell membrane and a cell wall?
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28. The inter-cellular junction that is designed for cell to cell communication are called
A. Comcast connections.
B. gap junctions.
C. cellular providers.
D. desmosomes.
29. The potential energy of molecules, which cells are trying to liberate, is found in the
A. kinetic energy.
B. bond energy.
C. nucleus of atoms.
D. protons of atoms.
30. The first law of thermodynamics deals mainly with the ? of energy in the universe.
A. amount
B. type
C. organization
D. transformation
31. (2) Explain the cellular concept of energy coupling through the use of ATP?
32. In a reduction oxidation reaction the reduced molecule ? an electron, hydrogen atom or energy.
A. loses
B. gains
C. shares
D. sell
33. (2) Explain how pH changes could effect an enzyme function?
34. The addition of heat can alter an enzymes function by altering the shape of the
A. cofactor binding site.
B. active site.
C. backbone amino acids.
D. jovial personality.
35. An enzymes cofactor binding site usually binds to
A. substrate.
C. a vitamin or mineral.
B. a cell.
D. a jovial personality.
36. Energy harvest during photosynthesis occurs because of
A. light reflected by pigment molecules.
C. excitation of electrons used to form ATP.
B. heat energy.
D. the capturing of ATP.
37. The orange pigments found in plants are called
A. phycobillins.
C. xanthophylls.
B. chlorophylls.
D. carotenoids.
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38. (2) Explain why x-rays and U-V energy doesn’t stimulate photosynthesis?
39. (3) Explain why isolated plant pigments glow red when exposed to white light?
40. (3) Circle all of the following molecules that are produced by the light reactions?
A. CO2
B. NADPH
C. H2O
D.O2
E. ATP
F. FADH2
41. Which of the following molecules provides the hydrogen source for the light reactions?
A. CO2
B. NADPH
C. H2O
D. FADH2
42. (3) Explain the role of the electron transport chain in the light dependent reactions?
43. (4) Name the location for the photosynthetic processes called the light reactions and the location
for the dark (Calvin cycle) reactions (Be specific!)?
Light Reactions
Dark Reactions
44. The pivotal enzyme for the dark reactions is called
A. disco.
C. rubisco.
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B. RuBp.
D. amylase.
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45. (5) Describe or list the steps occurring in the dark reactions?
46. The plant structures that regulate CO2 uptake and O2 losses from leaves are like your
A. nose.
B. kidneys.
C. cuticle.
D. whatchamacallems.
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Extra Credit (4): Explain the function of an enzyme using the following terms: activation energy,
enzyme-substrate complex, and active site?
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