Biochemistry 2300 — Elements of Human Nutrition
Test I (Basics of Nutrition, Diet Planning, Foods and Carbohydrates)
Tuesday, February 15, 2011
Each question has only one proper answer.
Mark your answers on provided answer sheet using pencil only.
Proper answers are marked in bold and underlined
1. True or false? The six classes of nutrients in foods are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, and water.
A) True
B) False
2. True or false? Due to fluid loss and inadequate diet, alcoholics are commonly deficient in minerals
such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc.
A) True
B) False
3. The second highest source of energy provided by consumed food is
A) alcohol
B) phytochemical
C) sugar alcohol
D) fat
4. How many kilocalories are in 21 grams of fat?
A) 189
B) 84
C) 220
D) 168
5. Which influence on food choices is most closely related to religion, beliefs, and traditions?
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) cultural
D) sensory
6. Which of the following are alive bacteria
A) Probiotics
B) Inulin
C) Oligosaccharides
D) prebiotics
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7. The Daily Value on the food label express the following
A) The amount of nutrient in the serving portion of food
B) The serving portion of particular nutrient
C) The amount of nutrient in serving portion expressed as percentage of average recommendation
D) The amount of nutrient in serving portion expressed as percentage of daily recommendation
8. Most carbohydrate digestion takes place in the
A) stomach
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) mouth
9. Which of the following is likely to be a primary source for nutrition information?
A) magazine articles
B) newspapers
C) nightly news
D) professional journals
10. It is recommended _________% of energy from simple carbohydrates for average adult.
A) 12
B) 15
C) 25
D) 10
11. Which is not a common monosaccharide found in the diet?
A) glucose
B) fructose
C) maltose
D) galactose
12. Ingredients should be posted in the list of ingredients in the order of
A) fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
B) highest concentration to lowest concentration
C) carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
D) lowest concentration to highest concentration
13. Which of the following foods are the main source of carbohydrates
A) Grains
B) Vegetables
C) Meats
D) Legumes
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14. The best source of water insoluble fiber is
A) Pancreas
B) Lignan
C) Hemicellulose
D) Lignin
15. True or false? Foods sweetened with sugar alcohol promote tooth decay.
A) True
B) False
16. Which of the following foods contain the highest amount of water
A) Vegetable and fruits
B) Grain products
C) Meat products
D) Oils
17. Vitamins contain
A) 4 Kcal/g
B) 9 Kcal/g
C) 0 Kcal/g
D) 7 Kcal/g
18. Two glucose molecules joined together form
A) sucrose
B) lactose
C) maltose
D) dextrose
19. Which of the following carbohydrate ingredient is not added to the foods
A) Lactose
B) Levulose
C) Sucrose
D) High fructose syrop
20. The recommended amount of daily fiber consumption for average person is
A) 25g
B) 35g
C) 14g/kcal/day
D) 28g
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21. The main food products in our diet should be
A) Dark green vegetable and whole grain products
B) Colorful vegetables and meat alternatives
C) Vegetable and dairy products
D) Dark green vegetable and colorful fruits
22. Which of the following is not an artificial sweetener?
A) sucralose
B) sugar alcohols
C) aspartame
D) saccharin
23. Which of the following is not a primary factor influencing decisions about what we eat?
A) texture
B) appearance
C) taste
D) cost
24. The majority of alcohol is metabolized in the
A) bloodstream
B) small intestine
C) liver
D) stomach
25. Which organ stores and releases glucose as needed to maintain blood sugar levels?
A) colon
B) stomach
C) kidney
D) liver
26. Which oligosaccharides are fermented by bacteria in large intestine and cause gas formation?
A) Maltose
B) Neither above
C) Levulose
D) Raffinose
27. Food components which are affecting positively our health but are not nutrients are called
A) phytoorganics
B) Organics
C) nutraopticals
D) nutraceuticals
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28. Encouraging interaction between people is known as
A) social facilitation
B) cultural influences
C) family reunions
D) personal communication
29. True or false? Both glucagon and insulin are hormones produced by the pancreas.
A) True
B) False
30. Milk sugar is known as
A) maltose
B) lactose
C) glucose
D) fructose
31. Glycemic index is describing
A) How fast glucose molecules are transferred through intestine wall
B) How effective is glucose transportation to the pancreas
C) How effectively glucose molecules are transferred from gut carbohydrates into the blood
system
D) How fast carbohydrates are transformed into glucose molecules
32. Canadian recommendation for daily physical activity for adult is at
A) 35 min
B) 65 min
C) 60 min
D) 90 min
33. True or false? People who consume many complex carbohydrates have a higher incidence of type 2
diabetes.
A) True
B) False
34. Alcohol contains
A) 7 Kcal/g
B) 11 Kcal/g
C) 4 Kcal/g
D) 9 Kcal/g
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35. True or false? The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the daily level that meets the needs of
the majority of people (over 97 percent).
A) True
B) False
36. True or false? The breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins always takes priority over alcohol.
A) True
B) False
37. A food that may provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition is known as
A) functional food
B) direct additive
C) indirect additive
D) free radical
38. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are considered
A) free radicals
B) micronutrients
C) macronutrients
D) antioxidants
39. True or false? All types of plant foods contain fiber.
A) True
B) False
40. A grain product with added thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, and iron to replace those nutrients
lost or diminished in food processing is
A) processed
B) fortified
C) enriched
D) enhanced
41. Canadian food guide recommends for adults:
A) 3-5 serving portions of grains
B) 5-7 serving portions of meat and alternatives
C) 2 serving portions of dairy products
D) 3-6 serving portions of fruits
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42. The most abundant form of ingested complex carbohydrates should come from
A) glucose
B) starch
C) dietary fiber
D) glycogen
43. Which of the following is an inorganic nutrient?
A) lipids
B) carbohydrates
C) minerals
D) vitamins
44. List of ingredients is a good source of information about
A) The amount of components of particular food
B) The composition of all nutritional components in particular food
C) Allergenic, toxic and nutraceutical components in food
D) The amount of additives added to food
45. True or false? Proteins do not contain carbon and are inorganic.
A) True
B) False
46. Nutrition Facts on the label represent nutrients related to the
A) Content of nutrients in serving portion
B) Content of package
C) Content of nutrients in product package
D) Specific nutrient in the product
47. Typical soft drink container with volume of 2L provides the following number of teaspoon of sugar
A) 70
B) 58
C) 25
D) 17
48. The following nutrient(s) belong to the macronutrient group
A) Vitamins
B) Caffeine
C) Oils and fats
D) Water
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49. True or false? A list of ingredients must be clearly printed on the Nutrition Facts panel.
A) True
B) False
50. True or false? The craving for and consumption of nonfood items such as dirt, clay, or laundry starch is
known as umami.
A) True
B) False
51. The primary fuel in the body is
A) glycogen
B) maltose
C) glucose
D) lactose
52. True or false? Legumes such as peas, lentils, and beans are low in starch but high in protein.
A) True
B) False
53. Which of the following dietary guidelines is incorrect?
A) Choose fiber-rich fruits, vegetables, and whole grains often.
B) Cook foods to safe temperatures to kill microorganisms.
C) Consume less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day.
D) Increase intake of fats and oils high in saturated or trans fatty acids.
54. The most destructive metabolites to liver produced from alcohol are
A) maltitol and fructose
B) mannitol and methanol
C) methanol and formaldehyde
D) carbon dioxide and formaldehyde
55. True or false? The results from animal studies are usually directly transferable to humans.
A) True
B) False
56. True or false? Fructose, glucose, and galactose are good examples of disaccharides.
A) True
B) False
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57. Which of the following combination of foods have higher nutrients density
A) Hamburger with mayonnaise and lettuce and coca-cola
B) Vegetable soup with whole grain bagel
C) Vegetable soup with cream and hamburger sandwich
D) Wheat pasta, mushroom sauce, beef burger, glass of soft drink
58. True or false? Garlic contains sulfur compounds that may increase heart problems risk.
A) True
B) False
59. Dietary standards used to compare the amount of nutrients in a serving of food to the amount
recommended for daily consumption are called:
A) Adequate Intake values
B) Tolerable Intake Level
C) Daily Values
D) Estimated Average Requirements
60. Recommended amount of vegetables in adult diet should be at
A) 5-8 serving portions for female
B) 7-8 serving portions for male
C) 2-6 serving portions for female
D) 8-10 serving portions for male
61. Which of the following is not considered a distilled alcohol?
A) rum
B) whiskey
C) wine
D) gin
62. The water soluble fiber does not affect
A) Risk of brain and nervous system damage
B) Risk of heart diseases
C) Absorption of glucose
D) Lipids absorption
63. The nutrient intake level estimated to meet the needs of 50 percent of the individuals in a life-stage and
gender group is known as
A) Estimated Average Requirement
B) Adequate Intake
C) Recommended Dietary Allowance
D) Tolerable Upper Intake Level
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64. Which of the following phytochemicals is protecting heart
A) Flavotannins
B) Capertone
C) Lycolimonoids
D) Resveratrol
65. Bioflavonoids are
A) biodegraded chemicals
B) synthetic supplements
C) naturally occurring plant chemicals
D) all of the above
66. A dislike for anything new or unfamiliar food is called
A) neophobia
B) preference
C) pica
D) umami
67. Which of the following factors is not describing optimal diet
A) Balanced
B) Variation
C) Adequate
D) Flexible
68. True or false? Large amounts of glycogen can be consumed through eating beef or chicken.
A) True
B) False
69. True or false? Splenda is a commonly recognized brand name for sucralose.
A) True
B) False
70. Heavy alcohol consumption
A) decreases the risk for heart disease
B) increases the risk for liver disease
C) increases the risk for cancer
D) B and C
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71. Cellulose is build from glucose molecules as starch but is not digested in human digestive tract because
A) Contains different geometrical configuration of glucose
B) Is highly branched
C) Glucose molecules are connected by different chemical bond
D) Contain too many glucose molecules
72. The best source of proteins are
A) Grains
B) Animal products
C) Vegetables
D) Fruits
73. Typically, candies, soft drinks, deserts, and jellies are high in
A) galactose
B) glucose
C) maltose
D) fructose
74. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies can be seen in alcoholics?
A) all are common deficiencies
B) B6
C) B12
D) C
75. The following food ingredients are antioxidants
A) MSG
B) Salt
C) Vit C and E
D) Lactic acid
76. The best source of fiber in our diet are
A) Cereals
B) Legumes
C) Fruits
D) Animal products
77. Lycopene is commonly found in
A) yogurt
B) toothpaste
C) tomato sauce
D) garlic
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78. Select which meat product is the best for your diet
A) Beef stew
B) Sausage
C) Poultry meat
D) Pork ham
79. True or false? Moderate drinking has been shown to increase HDL cholesterol levels.
A) True
B) False
80. True or false? Phytochemicals are complex plant chemicals that are essential for life.
A) True
B) False
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