JaKoTa Triangle and more
Questions?
 Willow Creek is a trib of Oldman!
 GetFast question
 JaKoTa Triangle

 Japan
 Korean
 Taiwan
Peninsula
End of Course Plans
Tuesday
Thursday
Mar 22-24
China
China
Mar 29-31
JaKoTa
Map test
S-E Asia1
April 5-7
S-E Asia2
April 12-14
Australia
New Zealand
Dr. Tom
Johnston
Pacific
Map Test
Sub-Saharan Africa
 North Africa & South-west Asia
 South Asia
 East Asia

 But
not JaKoTa
GetFast Question:

Why is it that the poorest developed
countries are the ones whose
population increases are the highest?
Wouldn't it make more sense for them
to stop reproducing due to the already
limited amount of resources? Does it
have to do with urbanization versus
rural life?
Hong Kong
Ceded to Britain
in 3 parts:
Hong Kong
Island, 1841
Kowloon, 1861
New Territories,
1898
(99 year lease)
Hong Kong



Excellent deep water port, terrible airport
Occupation in 1941, Defence of Hong Kong
 2,000 Canadians arrive 16 Nov,
surrender 25 Dec
Korean War: embargo & manufacturing
growth
 Clothing, textiles, electronics
 One of the four little Asian tigers
 Banking and back door to China
Hong Kong
6 million people in 400 sq miles
 1 July 1997- British transferred control
to China
 Hong Kong renamed Xianggang
 New status as China’s first SAR (special
administrative region)
 CEPA: Closer Economic Partnership
Agreement with China.
 Autonomy vis-à-vis China remains
unclear

Chek Lap Kok, completed 1998,
Kai Tak now closed
Macau
Portuguese colony and port
 Famous for gambling, some textiles
 Accessible ferry from Hong Kong
 Control transferred to China in 1999
 New status as SAR

Showa shinzen, 1991, 1,335 feet (407m) AMSL
First appeared in 1944
Mount Fuji, stratovolcano,12, 388 feet (3,776 meters)

Taebaek
Mountains
(Taebaek
Sanmaek),
Eastern side of
Korean
peninsula

Chungyang
Mountains rise to
13,114 feet (3,997
meters) at Yu Shan,
eastern Taiwan
Jakota Triangle


Tokyo, Seoul and Taipei form a triangle
Characteristics
 Large
cities, high level of urbanization
 High population density, uneven population distribution
 Rapid manufacturing growth, high technology
 Raw material dependency

Challenges
 Social
problems
 Political uncertainties
 Threats
to sovereignty
Shinto Shrine, Kyoto
Japan
•Hokkaido
•Ishikari Plain
•Seikan Tunnel
•Honshu
•Kanto Plain
•Nobi Plain
•Shikoku
•Kyushu
JAPAN’S
CORE AREA
•Tokaido
•TokyoYokohama
•(Kanto Plain)
Kansai
• Osaka
• Kyoto
• Kobe
•Kitakyushu
Outline Of Japanese Development




Ainu
600 - 800 Chinese cultural influence
Kublai Khan (Mongol Dynasty) abortive invasion in 1281
Japanese feudalism



1600 -1867 Tokugawa Shogunate, isolationism



Emperor
Shogun, daimyō and samurai
Foreigners and Christianity expelled
Shintoism: nationalistic belief system
Meiji Restoration, 1868: Emperor returns to central power
Meiji Restoration
Reinstated the emperor
 Industrial transformation
 Adopted aspects of the British, American,
German cultures/technologies
 Systematic study of the industrialized world
 oyatoi gaikokujin

 (honourable

hired foreigners)
scientists, engineers, and agronomists
Expansionist Japan



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
Hokkaido
Ryuku/Kuerile Islands
Formosa (Taiwan)
S. Sakhalin
Korea
Manchuria
North/coastal China
Hong Kong
S-E Asia
1869
1874/5
1895
1905
1910
1931
1937
1941
1941
Japan’s Post-war Transformation

1945 –1952: Allied Occupation

Fire-bombing effects









Kyōto was spared
Emperor renounced divinity 1946
Shinto loses status as state
religion
U.S. imposed Constitution
Economic restructuring
Break-up of Zaibatsu
Land reform ends feudal rights
Korean War spurs economic
growth
San Francisco Treaty 1952

Self-Defense Force
Nagoya castle, 1600, 1959
Tokyo-Yokahama



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


26.7 million (#2)
Centrality
Global financial capital
Harbour and port
Two airports
Kanto Plain (1/3 of Σ)
Tsukuba
Population Profiles
India
Male
Japan
AGE
Female
Male
Female
70+
60-69
50-59
40-49
30-39
20-29
10-19
0-9
30
15
0
15
Percent of Population
30
20
10
0
10
Percent of Population
20
Greying of Japan & Population Decline






Population: 127.4 million (2000)
Birth rate:
8 births/1,000
Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000
Growth rate: 0.16%
Life expectancy:
78 (M) 85 (F)
Korean
Peninsula
Demilitarized Zone
DMZ: 151 miles, 2.5 miles wide
Military Demarcation Line (MDL),
six-foot wide barbed wire corridor
Korea
73 million in two states
 Turbulent political history:


Dependency of China
 Colony of Japan
 Divided along the 38th parallel by Allied
Powers after 1945
 Cease-fire line established in1953
The Two Koreas

Official Name
The Democratic People's
The Democratic
Republic of Korea
Republic of Korea

Unofficial name
North Korea
South Korea

Population
23,600,000
49,200,000

GNP (billions)
$ 21.3
$ 508.3

GNP/capita
$ 920
$ 17,300

Agriculture

(% of GNP)
25 %
8%

(% work force)
36 %
21 %
North-south Contrasts


North Korea
 Rural and agricultural
 Antiquated state enterprise
 Inefficient, unproductive agriculture
 Limited trade – Russia and China
South Korea
 Highly urbanized and industrial

Shipbuilding, automotive industry
 Intensive,
mechanized agriculture
 Manufacturing power house
 Extensive trade – US, Japan, and Western
Europe
SEOUL
9.9 million - just south of the DMZ
Urban-industrial center!
Textiles, clothing, footwear, electronic
goods
Vulnerability ?
Taiwan
Taiwan



Population – 22.7 million
77% urbanized
Historical background:
 Chinese
province for centuries
 Colonized by Japan in 1895
 Returned to China 1945
 1949 – Chinese Nationalists (supported by the
US) fled from the mainland and established the
Republic of China (ROC)
 1971 – Expelled from UN

"the sky is not big enough for two suns"

Chiang Kai-Shek
FOUR ECONOMIC TIGERS
Date
of
Split
Former
State
“Tiger”
• SOUTH KOREA KOREA
• TAIWAN
CHINA
1952
1949
• HONG KONG
CHINA
• SINGAPORE
MALAYSIA 1965
1841
4 Tigers
The Four Tigers

Four tigers AKA four little dragons:



In sum: 10.4% of world’s mfg. exports
Vulnerability to global market fluctuations






The Four Little Dragons: The Spread of Industrialization in East Asia
by EZRA F. VOGEL (Harvard UP 1993)
Yes, but…we should be so lucky!
Land use competition
Urban problems
Environmental degradation
Political questions
Post industrial economy