CHENACT
: Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action project
Main Meeting of the Ozone Action Networks Of Latin
America and the Caribbean
Trinidad and Tobago
4 th -7 th October 2011
Loreto Duffy-Mayers
Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action
(CHENACT)
Project Manager
CHENACT

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4/11/2020
Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

 CHTA : Umbrella Organization of the
National Hotel Associations ( Private sector)
 CAST: Green Arm of CHTA
(Private sector)
 CTO: Umbrella Organisation of the
Ministries of Tourism (Public Sector)
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

To improve the competitiveness of small and medium sized hotels (<400 rooms) in the
Caribbean Region through improved use of energy with the emphasis on Renewable
Energy and Micro-Generation
The Pilot project is in Barbados, and the Region
The beneficiaries are CHTA member hotels
CHENACT
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager

4/11/2020
• Detailed energy audits in 32 hotels in
Barbados
• Walk Throughs assessments in 30 hotels in Barbados
• Detailed audits in 12 hotels in the OECS
• Detailed audits in 5 hotels in the Greater
Caribbean Region
• ODS audits in Barbados *
CHENACT
Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager

 Each Audit report is broken down into different analyses.

Executive Summary
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Introduction
Energy Audit & Accounting

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Energy Consumption and Cost
Electrical Bill Analysis
Organizational Analysis
Maintenance Effectiveness

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Carbon Dioxide Emission Analysis
Solar Energy Performance Analysis
Natural Gas Analysis
Energy Saving Opportunities
Discussion and Recommendations
Appendices
CHENACT



APPENDICES
The appendix of the reports contains very useful information for every hotel.
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Data logger & Energy Meter Readings
Heat Load Results
Energy Management Matrix
Single Line Utility Diagrams (Electrical)
Energy Accounting Exercise & Savings Calculations
CHENACT

 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This is the final portion of the report which indicates the most feasible projects for the hotel to undertake.
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It calculates:
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Total Project cost
Total Annual savings
Simple Payback period
Total kWh & Carbon Dioxide Savings
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Net Present Value (NPV)

Making this a bankable document
CHENACT

 ENERGY

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Air conditioning is the largest consumer in hotels; it accounted for over 50% of the total energy consumed
Some hotels are paying more than one electrical bill per month. This results in a higher unit cost of energy and in turn a higher electricity cost
Having 3 bills under the
Secondary Voltage Rate when the hotel can be using the Large Voltage
Rate

By switching to a larger rate some of the unnecessary charges can be removed.
CHENACT

# of Rooms
<=50
51-100
101-200
>200
Total
# of Hotels
60
18
14
4
96
Annual electricity
Consumption (MWh)
20,711
18,450
26,102
16,536
81,799
CO
2
Emissions
(Tons)
14,606
13,012
18,408
11,662
57,688
CHENACT

High (kWh/Guest Night)
Average (kWh/Guest Night)
Low (kWh/Guest Night)
# of Hotels
GN/RN Ratio
<=50
70
38
12
10
1.73
Hotel Size (# of Guestrooms)
51-100
87
44
18
8
1.79
101-200
43
32
25
5
1.79
>200
50
34
22
4
1.90
CHENACT

Audit reports indicate significant opportunities for energy efficient savings in the hotel sector
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Average potential electricity savings near 40% of total hotel’s consumption
Most savings are related to:

1) Retrofit of present mini split unit systems to high efficient AC systems
(such as inverter type variable refrigerant volume (VRV) system ) with
 heat recovery for supplying hot water also.
2) Installation of high efficient lighting systems.
Average total paid back period around 2.5 years
Total investment costs between US$200,000 and US$550,000 depending on property size
Hotel size
Small
Medium
Large
Very Large
# of
Rooms
0-50
51-100
101-200
200<
Potential Annual
Electricity Savings
38%
39%
40%
39%
Investment Cost per hotel [US$k]
200
320
410
550
Payback period
[months]
37
28
33
27
CHENACT

R22 units
R407C units
R410a units
R410a units
R134a units
Absorption Units
R22
R134a units
NH3 units
R12 units
A/C Split Systems
3193
98
39
5
4
Chillers
5
4
Refrigerators
2118
88
9 CHENACT

Location
South Coast
77.8
Total Installed Capacity (kW)/Tons
Total Volume of Refrigerant R22 (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R404a (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R134a (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R407C (kg)
Total Electrical Capacity (kW)
273.3
109.0
6.8
4.8
0.0
115.85
CHENACT

Location
Total Installed Capacity (kW)/Tons
Total Volume of Refrigerant R22 (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R404a (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R134a (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R407C (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R502 (kg)
Total Volume of Refrigerant R410a (kg)
Total Electrical Capacity (kW)
2803.8
642.5
12.1
6.1
19.9
2.69
17.6
1025.99
798.0
CHENACT

CHENACT
: Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action project
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

CHENACT
: Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action project
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

CHENACT
: Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action project
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT


ENERGY CONTINUED

There is an awareness of energy conservation at hotels however the majority lack proper Energy Management
Procedures.
CHENACT

 MAINTENANCE

Maintenance and
Engineering staff are extremely familiar with their facilities however in some cases they lack the knowledge (due to a lack of training) to handle all the technical systems in the facility causing a lapse on some areas.
Important pieces of equipment that need scheduled and regular servicing:
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Split Units
Central Air Conditioning
Units
Refrigeration
Pumps
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Solar Water Heaters
Boilers
Laundry Equipment
CHENACT

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Many hotels use subcontractors for servicing of some equipment; however some subcontractors need to:

Service more frequently
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Provide improved servicing of equipment
There were cases where equipment was installed and never serviced.
CHENACT

 MAINTENANCE CONTINUED:

The list can go on, however servicing ensures equipment is continuously performing at the highest efficiency possible

The following photos show instances of poor maintenance found by the audit team:
CHENACT



SINGLE LINE UTILITY
DIAGRAMS (ELECTRICAL)
There were some cases however where the
Electrical Rooms & Panels were not maintained to a safe level; the were rooms which were dangerous and as a result:

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Was too dangerous for the team to enter
Can cause the hotel to be shut down if inspected.
CHENACT

Dirty Freezer Coils Main Electrical Room
CHENACT

Lime Scale collection on
Dirty Freezer Coils
SWH
CHENACT

Kitchen Fresh Air Supply Poor Split Unit Maintenance
CHENACT

 EQUIPMENT
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Boilers
Some hotels used boiler systems for the production of hot water.
A case seen in the photograph where a lack of proper maintenance resulted in a constant leak. This results in additional natural gas and water costs for the production of hot water.
This equipment was found to be feasible for larger hotels that have a constant demand for hot water in comparison to smaller ones that can be supplied by a solar water heating system.
CHENACT

 The Set point in this walk in freezer is too low, which causes increased energy consumption by compressors.
CHENACT

Water condensing on the ceiling of a walk-in in
Walk in chiller doors not properly closed chiller
CHENACT

This was an instance where the switches were left on for the entire duration of the audit
.
CHENACT

4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT

 WATER
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The majority of hotels sustained water leaks which was costing them between 20-50% of their water bills.
This was due to: leaking toilets, faucets, underground pipes, cooling towers and pools.
The audit team found a leak at a large hotel which was costing them approximately
$620,153.70/yr.
In a number of cases proper water consumption analysis could not be done due to water meters that were not functional.
CHENACT

 24 hour water audit results:
CHENACT

CHENACT

 CORPORATE UTILITY
MANAGEMENT PLAN
(CUMP)

Corporation of
Maintenance and
Administration can make this a successful plan.
 CUMP involves:

Developing Policy and
Program

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Energy manager (full time or contracted)
Staff Training
Maintenance Training
Annual Management
System Audit
Assistance available from the HAs
CHENACT


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Expanding CHENACT throughout the region – increased funding, combining projects
Smart Fund, providing assistance and funding
Working with NOU, awareness raising and funding for phase out
Clean Energy Policy will be incorporated into the TMP, The
TDA and the National Energy Policy. Can be replicated throughout the region
Training and workshops
Association of Hotel Engineers and Maintenance staff
PV Demo Models in 3 hotels
CHENACT
4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager


Loreto Duffy–Mayers

CHENACT Project Manager

CHTA office, BHTA Building

4 th Ave Belleville, St. Michael. Barbados

Tel: 246-4350847/ 246-2337849

Fax: 246-4350845

Email: chenactproject@gmail.com

4/11/2020 Loreto Duffy-Mayers - CHENACT Project Manager
CHENACT