1. Kinetic energy• The energy that an object has because of its
motion
2. Potential energyEnergy that is stored in an object
1. Energy that is stored in an object is potential
energy.
2. The energy of motion is kinetic energy.
3. Electrical energy can be used to run appliances.
4. Chemical energy is energy that is stored inside
matter (a form of potential energy).
5. Mechanical energy is energy an object has due to its
motion (a form of kinetic energy).
6. Light energy is energy that can be seen.
7. Sound energy is energy that can be heard.
8. Thermal energy is energy from heat.
3. reflectionOccurs when light waves
bounce off a surface
4. refractionOccurs when light waves bend as they
pass from one material to another
2. prismA substance that separates white light
into colors
1. lightA form a energy that can be
seen and travels in waves
1. Light is a form of energy that you can
see and travels in waves.
2. The high point of a wave is called a
crest.
3. The low point of a wave is called a
trough.
4. The distance from one crest to the next
crest is called the wavelength.
1. Reflection- when light waves bounce off
a surface
2. Refraction- when light waves pass
through an object and are bent as they
go through
3. Absorption-when light waves are taken
into an object
4. Transmission- when light waves pass
through an object
1. The color of an object depends on the
color of light that it reflects.
2. White light is made up of all the colors
of the rainbow.
3. ROY G. BIV- colors of the rainbow in
order from the longest to the shortest
wavelength.
3. volumeThe amplitude, or loudness, of
a sound
4. pitchHow high or low a sound seems
to a listener
2. vibrationVery fast back and forth
movement of matter
1. soundA form of energy produced by
vibrations
1. Sound is produced by vibrations of matter. When a
material vibrates, it creates sound waves.
2. The energy of the sound wave and the distance the
vibration object is from the listener are 2 factors
that determine the volume of the sound.
3. Frequency is the number of crests and troughs
produced in a given amount of time. Frequency
determines pitch.
1. Outer ear- part of the ear you can see; gathers
sound waves from the air and funnels them to the
eardrum.
2. Eardrum- thin flap of skin that vibrates when sound
waves hit it.
3. Middle ear- contains 3 tiny bones that pick up
vibrations from the eardrum.
4. Inner ear- has coiled tubes filled with fluid that
vibrate causing nerve cells to send signals to the
brain.
2. convectionThe transfer of thermal energy
by the movement of fluids
1. conductionThe transfer of thermal energy
from particle to particle between
two objects that are touching
6. Thermal energyThe kinetic energy of moving
particles of matter
3. heatA measure of how much thermal
energy is transferred from a warmer
substance to a cooler substance
5. temperatureThe average kinetic energy of
the particles of a substance
4. radiationThe transfer of thermal energy
without matter
1. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of tiny moving particles
of matter.
2. The hotter a substance is, the faster its particles move. The
colder the substance, the slower its particles move.
3. Heat is a measure of how much thermal energy is
transferred from one substance to another.
4. Thermal energy is transferred by conduction, convection, or
radiation.
5. In conduction, 2 objects need to touch in order to share
thermal energy (ex- hot stove touching a pan).
6. In convection, thermal energy is transferred in liquids and
gases (warm air rises, cooler air sinks).
7. In radiation, thermal energy is transferred by waves without
matter (ex- heat from the sun travels through space to
Earth).