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Cellular
Growth
DNA
RNA
Genetics
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Gametogenesis
uses what method
of cellular growth
/ division
Gametogenesis =
formation of sex
cells… MEIOSIS
After an egg is fertilized,
the embryo grows using
what method of cell
division / growth
Mitosis
Sex cells are not
being formed
How are human
egg cells most
similar to human
sperm cells?
Chromosome
Number
What occurs in the
5 steps of cellular
division?
Prophase: Nuclear membrane breaks down,
chromosomes condense
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up
Anaphase: Chromosomes are separated and
pulled apart
Telophase: nuclear membrane reforms, cells
elongate and begin to separate
Cytokinesis: cell’s cytoplasm pinch off to form
two new, individual cells
What do
multicellular
organisms use
mitosis for?
Growth and
development
How many nucleotides
are needed to code for
the amino acids
Phenylalanine?
3… all AA’s need 3
nucleotides  a
CODON!!
What are the three
parts to a DNA
molecule?
1.
Nitrogenous Base
2.
Phosphate Group
3.
Deoxyribose (5-C
sugar)
The genetic code of a
DNA molecule is
determined by a specific
sequence of
____________.
Nitrogenous
Bases!!
A, T, G, C
What is the difference
between DNA
replication and DNA
transcription?
Replication is going from DNA to
DNA (just copying itself) and
Transcription is going from DNA
to RNA (using the DNA blueprints
to begin making the proteins they
code for)
If you have 2,000
nucleotides total and
450 code for A, how
many cytosines will you
have?
550
Copying DNA coding
into RNA sequences
to make proteins is
known as ________
Transcription
What DNA strand
would result in the
formation of the
following RNA:
AUU GCG GGU AAU
RNA:
AUU GCG GGU AAU
DNA:
TAA CGC CCA TTA
How many amino acids
does the following
sequence code for?
5’ ATCAGCGCTGGC 3’
4
Every three bases
If you break apart a
DNA or RNA
molecule, what will be
the resulting pieces?
Nucleotides
What do the
different types of
RNA do?
mRNA – messenger – carries copies of
DNA
rRNA – ribosomal – makes up the
ribosomes
tRNA – transfer – transfers amino acids
to the ribosomes during protein
synthesis
What cells would
be most vulnerable
to passing on a
genetic mutation?
Sex Cells
What is the difference
between incomplete
dominance and
codominance?
Incomplete – blending together
(white and red make pink)
Codominance – both show black cow and white cow make
a cow-colored cow
If a homozygous recessive white rabbit
breeds with a homozygous dominant
black rabbit, what percent of the
F1-gen will have white fur?
O%
A homozygous recessive white rabbit
breeds with a homozygous dominant
black rabbit.
The heterozygous offspring from the F1
gen are then crossed (performing an F1cross). What percent of the F2-gen will
have white fur?
1/4
25%
How would you study
genetic inheritance
throughout several
generations?
Make a Pedigree!!
If Boy and Girl are not hemophilic and
do not show traits for the disorder but
have two daughters that both have
hemophilia, what is the best
explanation??
Both would have to
be unknown
carriers
What do we call the
site of replication
during DNA
replication
Replication Fork
What part of the
cell cycle would
take the longest
amount of time?
Interphase
What process turns
a diploid cell into a
haploid cell?
Meiosis
The chromosome
number is cut in
half
What pattern of
inheritance is
human blood type?
Multiple Alleles
Make your wager
What are the
differences
between DNA and
RNA?
1. The 5-C sugars are different
2. RNA is usually single stranded
3. RNA contains uracil instead of
thymine
4. DNA is the “original” and protected
copy
5. RNA is the messenger or “disposable
copy”