REVIEW FOR TEST 3: ENERGETICS
CHAPTER 9 -1406
CHAPTER 6 – 1408
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
1. Define: autotroph, heterotroph, biochemical pathway, aerobic
and anaerobic reactions, chemiosmosis, ATP synthase, reduction
and oxidation (Redox)
2. Describe the two types of phosphorylation
a. substrate-level phosphorylation
b. chemiosmotic phosphorylation
1. photophosphorylation (CH 10)
2. oxidative phosphorylation (CH 9)
Where in the cell does chemiosmosis occur? Compare in
chloroplast with mitochondrion.
Is more energy is made through substrate-level or chemiosmosis?
3. cellular respiration:
a. know the balanced equation
b. know the stages and the location of where they take place
c. for glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate and citric acid cycle:
1. list the reactants and products of each stage
2. identify it as an aerobic or anaerobic process
d. for oxidative phosphoryltion, know how it works and where it
takes place
4. Compare potential energy production for glycolysis, oxidation
of pyruvate, and citric acid cycle.
5. How many total (gross) ATPs are produced by total oxidation of
one mole of glucose? How many net ATPs are produced by total
oxidation of one mole of glucose?
6. One mole of glucose completely oxidized in a bomb
calorimeter will yield 686 Kcal.
a. How much will one mole of glucose yield in cellular respiration?
1. in terms of ATP
2. in terms of Kcal
b. How much will one mole of glucose yield in fermentation?
1. in terms of ATP
2. in terms of Kcal
7. How efficient is cellular respiration? How efficient is
fermentation? How efficient are automobiles?
8. How many ATPs will the following produce in oxidative
phosphorylation?
a. one NADH
c. one FADH2
9. Fermentation:
a. list two types
b. know the biochemical pathways of each
c. know the net ATPs produced in each
10. Give an example of a eukaryotic cell that can perform:
a. lactic acid fermentation
b. alcoholic fermentation
11. The hydrolysis of one ATP to ADP + phosphate will yield ____
Kcal. (Negative or positive value.)
The dehydration of ADP + phosphate to ATP will require at least
____Kcal. (Negative or positive value.)
12. Which molecule has greatest potential energy?
a. glucose
b. pyruvate
c. acetyl-Co-A
d. carbon dioxide
13. Be familiar with the parts of mitochondria. Where is carbon
dioxide produced? Where is the ETC found?
a. intermembrane space
b. outer smooth membrane
c. inner folded membrane - cristae
d. matrix
14. Know the percentage diversity of autotrophs and
heterotrophs.
15. Do you oxidize every molecule of food that you ingest?
16. Who was Louis Pasteur?
17. In cellular respiration, what is the final electron acceptor in the
electron transport chain? What is formed?
18. Understand anabolism and catabolism of other
macromolecules besides glucose (i.e. proteins, lipids, and other
carbohydrates).
CHAPTER 10 -1406
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 7 – 1408
1. Define: photons, photoautotroph, electromagnetic spectrum,
pigment, retinal, melanin, xeroderma pigmentosum, stroma (pl.
stomata), C3,C4,CAM, cyclic and noncyclic electron flow,
reaction center
2. Give the balanced equation for photosynthesis.
3. What is the % of radiant energy captured in the process of
photosynthesis?
4. List the following in decreasing order of energy.
gamma rays, infrared, microwaves, power waves, TV and radio
waves, UV light, visible light, x-rays
Know the wavelength range of visible light.
Know the colors of visible light in increasing energy order.
5. What is the relationship between wavelength and amount of
energy?
6. What wavelengths (colors) of the electromagnetic spectrum
do the following not absorb?
a. carotenoids
1. carotenes
2. xanthophyllls
b. chlorophylls
1. chlorophyll a
2. chlorophyll b
7. List the corresponding color.
a. carotenes
2. xanthophyllls
b. chlorophylls
1. chlorophyll a
2. chlorophyll b
8. Which pigment directly participates in photosynthesis and is
part of the reaction center?
9. Photosynthesis:
a. list the stages,
b. list the products and the reactants of each
c. state where in the cell these reactions occur
10. Be familiar with the chloroplast and all of its components.
Where do the light reactions occur? Where does the Calvin cycle
occur?
a. outer membrane
b. inner membrane
c. thylakoid, granum, grana
d. stroma
e. intermembrane space
f. thylakoid space or compartment
11. What was found first, photosystem I or II?
Understand how these photosystems work.
12. What is the difference between P700 and P680?
13. In photosynthesis, what is the final electron acceptor? What is
formed?
14. From which photosystem does NADPH get electrons from?
Where does photosystem I get electrons from?
Where does photosystem II get electrons from?
15. Compare cyclic to noncyclic electron flow.
Which use PSI, PSII, NADP+ ? Which produce ATP, require light, use
ETC, occur at chloroplast?
16. Describe the difference between absorbed, reflected, and
transmitted light.
17. What is photorespiration? What kind of plants photorespire?
18. What type of plant has adapted to hot, arid environments
and minimizes photorespiration?