Placing Text On Drawings
Sacramento City College
Engineering Design Technology
Placing Text on Drawings
1
Learning Objectives
Describe and use proper text standards
 Calculate drawing scale and text height.
 Create text styles.
 Make multiple lines of text with the MTEXT
command.
 Use the TEXT command to create single-line text.
 Insert fields into text.
 Check spelling.
 Search and replace.

Placing Text on Drawings
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Introduction
 Graphic
information on a drawing alone is not
enough information to adequately describe
the part.
 These
provide additional information
 Letters
 Numbers
 Words
 Notes
Placing Text on Drawings
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Hand Lettering
 In
traditional “manual drafting”
 Hand
lettering is a slow, time consuming task.
 CAD program lettering is
 significantly
faster
 easier to read, and
 more consistent.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Standards
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Standards
 Industry
and Company standards often dictate
how the text must appear on the drawing.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Standards
 Industry
standard ASME Y14.2M
 Recommends
several text heights depending
upon function of the text on the drawing.
 0.12” - Dimensions and Notes
 0.2” – Titles
 Architectural
Standards:
 Deviate
from ASME
 0.125” - Dimensions and Notes
 0.25” – Titles (0.188 - 0.25)
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Standards
 Architectural
“Field Text”
 Recommended
text height is 0.125” for text in the
“field” of the drawing.
 If
text is less than 0.125”, it becomes very difficult
to read when the drawing is reduced in size.
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Text Standards
 Architectural
“Title Text”
 Recommended
text height is 0.25” for text in the
“Title” of the drawing.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Standards
 Draw
the following at 0.25” high
 Titles
 Subtitles
 Captions
 Revision
information
 Drawing sheet number
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Text Standards
 Vertical
or inclined lettering can be used.
 Vertical
 is
the “standard” and most common.
 Inclined text
 Was
very common a few years ago.
 Is still commonly used in Asian countries
 Slant angle = 68 degrees
 Select Vertical
or inclined but NOT both on the
same drawing.
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Text Standards
 When
fractions are used
 They are
stacked
 Fraction bar is placed horizontally
 AutoCAD can produce stacked fractions.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Other Text Characteristics
Placing Text on Drawings
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Text Composition
 Composition
 refers
to the spacing, layout and appearance of
the text.
 In
manual drafting
 lettering
composition (spacing) must be
performed manually by the drafter.
 In
CAD
 lettering
composition (spacing) is performed
automatically.
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Text Composition
 Justification:
AutoCAD text can be:
 left-justified
 right-justified
 centered.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Using AutoCAD to Draw Text
Placing Text on Drawings
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Using AutoCAD to Draw Text
 AutoCAD
has two systems for creating text:
 MTEXT
 Creates
 DTEXT
Multi-line (paragraph) text
and TEXT
 Creates
Single-line text objects.
Placing Text on Drawings
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MTEXT Command
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 MTEXT
 Used
to create multiline text objects.
 Think “paragraph”.
 Think “wordprocessor”.
 All lines of text are part of the same object.
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Select MTEXT
by:
 Picking
Multiline Text in the Text cascading menu
of the Draw pull-down
 OR
 Entering
T, MT, or MTEXT at the Command:
prompt.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Specify
the first and opposite corners of the text
boundary box where you want to enter text.
 The
text boundary is a box within which your
text will be placed.
 The
cursor changes to a box.
 An arrow indicates the direction of text flow.
 The box is resized to fit the text entered.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 After picking
the text boundary, the In-place
Text Editor appears.
 Functions
like a wordprocessor.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Windows
 Select
clipboard functions
All
 Cut
 Copy
 Paste
 Paste
Special
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Windows
 Select
 Cut
 Copy
 Paste
clipboard functions
All
[Cntrl + A]
[Cntrl + X]
[Cntrl + C]
[Cntrl + V]
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command

Features:
Delta
 Electrical Phase
 Flow Line
 Identity
 Initial Length
 Monument Line
 Not Equal
 Ohm
 Omega
 Property Line
 Subscript 2
 Squared
 Cubed
 Other…

 Insert
Field
 Symbols
Control code sequences
 Degrees
 Plus/Minus
 Diameter
 Almost Equal
 Angle
 Boundary Line
 Center Line

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Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Paragraph
Alignment
 Left
 Center
 Right
 Justify
 Distribute
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Tabs
 Left
 Center
 Right
 Decimal
 Paragraph
Indent
 First
line
 Hanging
 Right Indent
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Placing Text on Drawings
34
Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Paragraph
Spacing
 Amount
Before paragraph
 Amount After paragraph
 Paragraph
Line Spacing
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Bullets
and Lists
 Lettered
 Numbered
 Bulleted
 Restart
(numbering)
 Continue
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Placing Text on Drawings
38
Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Columns
 Off
 Dynamic
Columns
Auto Height
 Manual Height

 Static
Columns
2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 More

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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Find
and Replace
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Change
Case
 Uppercase
 Lowercase
 AutoCAPS
 Produces

ALL CAPITAL LETTERS
Typical for architectural / engineering drawings.
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Character
 Central
Set
Europe
 Cyrillic
 Hebrew
 Arabic
 Baltic
 Greek
Turkish
 Vietnamese
 Japanese
 Korean
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features:
 Background
Mask
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Features
 Text
highlight color
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 The
character tab is used to
 enter
text,
 change text features and
 copy text.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 The
Properties Tab is used to change features
like
 the
current text style,
 justification,
 text boundary,
 width and
 rotation.
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 The
Properties Tab gives the following
options:
 Style,
Justification, Width, Rotation
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 The
Line Spacing Tab allows adjustment of the
distance between lines of text.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 Selected text
can be modified by:
 Font
list.
 Font height.
 Bold, italics, underline, undo.
 Stacked fractions.
 Text color.
 Insert symbols.
 Imported from other programs.
 See Figure
8-12, page 319.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Multi-line Text: MTEXT Command
 The
Find/Replace Tab is used to replace
selected words with new words.
 The
Find/Replace Tab gives the following
options:
 “Find”
text box, find button.
 “Replace with”, replace button.
 Match text case.
 Match only whole words.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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The DTEXT / TEXT Command
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DTEXT Command
 DTEXT
 Is
dynamic text, meaning you can see it on the
screen as you type.
 Creates single line text.
 Each line of text is a separate object.
 Think
“Typewriter”
 DTEXT
is used MORE than MTEXT on Engineering
and Architectural drawings (!)
 It
is most useful for single lines of text.
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DTEXT Command
 DTEXT
can be accessed by:
 Picking
Single Line Text from the Text cascading
menu in the Draw pull-down menu
 OR
 Entering
DT or DTEXT at the Command: prompt.
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DTEXT Command
 Command:
DT or DTEXT
 Justify/Style/<Start
 (pick
 Height
point>:
a starting point)
<0.2000>:
 (enter
height)
 Rotation
 (enter
angle <0>:
a value, or press [Enter])
 Text:
 (type
text, terminate with blank line)
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DTEXT Command
 Rotation
Angle
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DTEXT Command
 When
the Text: prompt appears, a text cursor
equal in size to the text height appears on the
screen.
 Enter
 The
multiple lines of text.
crosshairs can be moved independently.
 You
can select a new text starting point.
 Multiple lines of text can be entered anywhere on
the drawing without exiting the command.
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DTEXT Command
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DTEXT Command
 Single
 The
line text justification
Justify Option
 ALIGN.
 FIT.
 LEFT
(default).
 CENTER.
 MIDDLE.
 RIGHT.
 Left justification
 It
is the default.
is not listed as a justification option.
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DTEXT Command
 Align
option:
 Changes
the text width and height.
 You are prompted for two points between which
the text string is confined.
 These points can be aligned horizontally or at an
angle.
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DTEXT Command
 Align
option:
 AutoCAD
automatically adjusts the text width to
fit between the selected points.
 The
text height is also changed with this
option and varies by the number of
characters.
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DTEXT Command
 Align
Option
 Adjusts
the text height to make it fit between the
two points picked on the screen.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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DTEXT Command
 Fit
Option:
 This
option is similar to Align option, except that
you can select the text height.
 AutoCAD
adjusts the letter width ONLY to fit
between the two given points
 The
text height remains constant.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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DTEXT Command
 Center
Option:
 Allows
you to select the center point for the
baseline of the text.
 Pick height and rotation angle after picking the
center point.
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DTEXT Command
 Middle
Option:
 Allows
you to center text both horizontally and
vertically at a given point.
 Letter height and rotation can be changed.
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DTEXT Command
 Right
Option:
 Allows
you to select the right-alignment point for
the baseline of the text.
 Pick height and rotation angle after picking the
right-justification point.
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80
DTEXT Command
 Other
text alignment options:
 Top
Left, Middle Left, Bottom Left.
 Top Center, Middle Center, Bottom Center.
 Top Right, Middle Right, Bottom Right.
Top Left
Middle Left
Bottom Left
Top Center
TEXT
Middle
Top Right
Center
Middle Right
Bottom Center
Bottom Right
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TEXT Command
 In
older AutoCAD versions, TEXT and DTEXT
commands functioned differently.
 Using
TEXT, you couldn’t see the text as you type.
(Not very useful.)
 In
Release 2000, these commands have been
combined, and they now function the same.
Placing Text on Drawings
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AutoCAD Text Fonts
Placing Text on Drawings
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AutoCAD Text Fonts
A
font is a particular letter face design.
 The
standard AutoCAD text fonts are shown in the
text.
 Refer to Figure 8-22, page 327.
 AutoCAD
text fonts have an “.shx” file
extension.
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AutoCAD Text Fonts
 The
Txt font is the AutoCAD default
 Rough
in appearance, and probably not the best
choice for most text.
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Placing Text on Drawings
86
AutoCAD Text Fonts
 Romans
is another AutoCAD text font
 Smoother
in appearance.
 Similar to single-stroke lettering.
 Commonly used in drawings.
Placing Text on Drawings
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Placing Text on Drawings
88
AutoCAD Text Fonts
 Before AutoCAD
became Windows Compliant,
different text fonts were very difficult to make
and were costly.
 Because AutoCAD
is Windows Compliant, ALL
of the fonts available in Windows are now
available in AutoCAD!
Placing Text on Drawings
89
AutoCAD Text Fonts
 AutoCAD
now uses “TrueType” fonts.
 TrueType
fonts are compatible with other
Windows programs.
 True type fonts are scalable and have an outline.
 Scalable - the fonts can be sized up and down.
 TrueType fonts
will print like they look on the
screen.
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90
AutoCAD Text Fonts
 TrueType fonts
can be outlined.
 Outline
- the text can be printed as either an
outline or filled in.
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91
Scale Factors and Text Height
Placing Text on Drawings
92
Scale Factors
 Scale
factors and text heights should be
determined before beginning a drawing.
 Scale
factors are important to make the text
plot at the right height.
 The
AutoCAD setup wizards automatically control
text height scale factors. But!
 You should KNOW HOW to compute Scale Factors
and Text Height!
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93
Scale Factors
 Scale
factor is important
 This
value is used to make sure the text is
shown on-screen and plotted at the proper
height.
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Scale Factors
 Remember
 Everything
in Model Space is drawn at FULL
SCALE.
 If
you drew 1/8 inch text in Model Space to
indicate a 5’-0” bathtub, the text would be
extremely small compared to the bathtub.
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95
Scale Factors
 You
must adjust the height of the text
according to the drawing scale.
 The
Scale Factor
 Can
be calculated manually
 Can be determined by AutoCAD.
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96
Scale Factors
 For
EDT 310, you MUST calculate
 the
Scale Factor and
 Text Height.
 AutoCAD’s
Annotative Text will NOT be used!
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Scaling Text Manually
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98
Scale Factors
 To
manually adjust text height
 You
 The
must first calculate the Scale Factor.
Scale Factor x (desired text height) =
 Height
to draw Model Space text.
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Scale Factors
 Scale
factor is always a reciprocal of the
drawing scale.
 If
you wish to plot a drawing at a drawing scale of
1/2” = 1” (1/2 scale), the scale factor would be:
1/2” = 1”
1/2” = 1”
[2] x 0.5 = 1 x 2
1:2
 The
scale factor is 2.
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100
Scale Factors
 An
architectural drawing plotted at a drawing
scale of
 1/4”
= 1’-0” (1/48th scale),
 has a scale factor calculated as follows:
1/4” = 1’-0”
1/4” = 12”
[4] x 1/4 = 12 x [4]
1:48
 The scale factor is 48.
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101
Scale Factors
 Three
Steps
 1.Write
 1/4
 2.
“ = 1’-0”
Re-write in same units
 1/4
 3.
Scale
“ = 12 “
Solve for “1” on left side
 (4)
x (1/4) = (12 )(4)
 1 = 48
 4.
Scale Factor = 48
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102
Scale Factors
 The
scale factor for a civil engineering drawing
that has a drawing scale of
 1”
= 60’
 (1/720th scale)
 is calculated as follows:
1” = 60’
1” = (60 x 12) = 720
1 : 720
 The scale factor is 720.
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Scale Factors for Text Height
Placing Text on Drawings
104
Scale Factors for Text Height
 We must
draw the text at the proper height in
model space so that it will plot at the proper
height.
 After the
scale factor is determined, you can
use it to calculate the height to draw the text.
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105
Scale Factors for Text Height
 Example:
 1.
 The
 2.
To plot 1/8” text:
If the drawing scale is full scale
text height is 1/8”.
If the drawing scale is 1”=60’
 the
same 1/8” high text would be VERY small!
 Would appear as a dot (!) on the drawing.
 Remember:
the drawing is 720 times larger than
when it is plotted at the proper scale.
 The text must be drawn MUCH LARGER than 1/8”
at a SF of 720!
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106
Scale Factors for Text Height

The formula is:
Desired Plotted
Text Height
x SF
Placing Text on Drawings
= Height to draw
text in Model
Space
107
Scale Factors for Text Height
 To
plot 1/8” high text at scale 1” = 60’:
Desired Plotted
Text Height
x SF
= Height to draw
text in Model
Space
1/8 “ x 720
= 90 inches
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108
Scale Factor for Text Height
 An
architectural drawing
 Scale
of 1/4” = 1’-0” has a scale factor of 48.
Desired Plotted
Text Height
x SF
1/4 “ x 48
Placing Text on Drawings
= Height to draw
text in Model
Space
= 12 inches
109
Scale Factor for Text Height
 An
architectural drawing
 Scale
of 1/4” = 1’-0” has a scale factor of 48.
Desired Plotted
Text Height
x SF
1/8 “ x 48
Placing Text on Drawings
= Height to draw
text in Model
Space
= 6 inches
110
AutoCAD Text Styles
Placing Text on Drawings
111
Selecting AutoCAD Text Styles
 Text
styles are used to quickly switch to text
with certain characteristics.
 Height.
 Width.
 Font
 Obliquing
angle (slant).
 Backward
 Upside
down
 Other characteristics to the font.
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112
Selecting AutoCAD Text Styles
A
drawing should have several text styles.
 User
will switch between styles often.
 Field
Text
 Title Text
A
text style allows you to quickly select
another text size or font.
 Examples
of commonly required text styles
 Drawing
Field Text. (0.125” high)
 Drawing Title Text. (0.25” high)
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113
Selecting AutoCAD Text Styles
 Text
characteristics can be changed without
using text styles (!)
 However
 This
technique is slower than using styles.
 Causes problems.
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114
Selecting AutoCAD Text Styles
 Proper creation
and use of text styles is the
quickest and easiest method to control text
appearance on the drawing.
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115
Selecting AutoCAD Text Styles
 When
using text in AutoCAD, ALWAYS
 Create
a text style FIRST.
 Name it appropriately and
 Use styles when inputting text into the drawing.
 Don’t
fall in the trap of constantly modifying
“STANDARD” to achieve your desired text
font!
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116
Creating a New Text Style
Placing Text on Drawings
117
Creating a New Text Style
 When
you start AutoCAD, STANDARD is the
only text style which is available.
 Other
styles must be created or imported.
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118
Creating a New Text Style
 Text
style names
 Can
have up to 31 characters.
 Can include numbers, dashes, underlines, and
dollar signs.
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119
Creating a New Text Style
 STANDARD
is the default text style.
 STANDARD
is NOT a good name for a text
style !
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120
Creating a New Text Style
 The
Style Name should provide information
about
 Text
font
 Size
 Scale
Factor
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121
Creating a New Text Style
 Example:
 Arial_001_0125
 Arial
Text font
 Scale Factor = 1
 Plotted Text Height = 0.125 “
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122
Creating a New Text Style
 Example:
 Arial_048_0125
 Arial
Text font
 Scale Factor = 48
 Plotted Text Height = 0.125 “
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123
Creating a New Text Style
 Example:
 CityBP_096_0125
 Arial
Text font
 Scale Factor = 96
 Plotted Text Height = 0.125 “
Placing Text on Drawings
124
Creating a New Text Style
 The
Style (ST) command is used to:
 Create
new text styles.
 Modify or list existing text styles.
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125
Creating a New Text Style
 The
Style command is accessed by:
 Picking
Text Style from the Format pull-down
menu.
 OR
 Entering
ST or STYLE at the Command: prompt.
 The
Style command opens the Text Style
dialog box.
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Placing Text on Drawings
127
Creating a New Text Style
 Features found
in the Text Style dialog box:
 Style Name.
 New,
Rename, Delete Style.
 Font Area.
 Font Style Area.
 Font Height.
 Effects Area.
 Preview Area.
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128
Creating a New Text Style
 Style
Name.
 New.
 Rename.
 Delete
Style.
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Placing Text on Drawings
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Creating a New Text Style
 Font
Area.
 Font
Style Area.
 Font Height.
 Effects Area.
 Preview Area.
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Creating a New Text Style
 Effects
Area.
 Upside
down.
 Backward.
 Width Factor.
 Oblique Angle.
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Upside Down
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Upside Down and Backwards
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Upside Down with 0.45 width factor
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15 degree oblique
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Creating a New Text Style
 Preview Area.
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Creating a New Text Style
 You
cannot delete text styles which are in use
on the drawing.
 You
cannot delete the STANDARD text style.
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Creating a New Text Style
 After you
have created your text styles, you
can use them in future drawings.
 Do
a “File” “Save As”
 Open the New file.
 The
text styles come with the new file.
 Delete
all drawn objects.
 Draw your new work.
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Changing, Renaming, Deleting
Text Styles
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Change, Rename, Delete
 You
can change the current text style without
affecting existing text objects. (!)
 Changes
are applied only to text added to the
drawing using that text style.
 If
you change the font, orientation, height of
an existing text style, all text items with that
style are changed to the new values.
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Change, Rename, Delete
 Existing
text styles can be renamed.
 Existing
text styles can be deleted ONLY IF
there are no incidences of that text style in
use on the drawing.
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Text and Special Characters
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Underscoring or Overscoring
 Text
can be underscored or overscored by
typing a control sequence in front of the line
of text.
 %%O = overscore.
 %%U = underscore.
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Text and Special Characters
 In
order to draw symbols, AutoCAD requires a
control code.
 The
control code sequence begins with two
percent signs %%.
 The
next character represents the symbol to
be drawn.
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Text and Special Characters
 Control
Code Examples:
 %%D = degrees symbol.
 %%P = plus/minus sign.
 %%C = diameter symbol.
 %%U = underline.
 %%O = overscore.
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QTEXT
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Redrawing Text Quickly
 Text
can take a lot of time to regenerate,
especially if very complex.
 If
you have a drawing that has a lot of text,
just moving around the drawing can cause the
computer to respond slowly.
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Redrawing Text Quickly
 the
QTEXT command
 turns
off the text regeneration and
 shows the text as a box.
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Regenerating Text
 To
“get text back”,
 turn
QTEXT off, and
 REGEN the drawing.
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Editing Text
(Older methods)
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Revising Text with DDEDIT
 The
easiest way to edit text in AutoCAD is to
double-click the text.
 Other
older methods also exist and include:
 1. DDEDIT - easiest
 2. DDMODIFY – okay but cumbersome
 3. DDCHPROP – only change text properties
 4. CHANGE – very tedious
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Revising Text with DDEDIT
 1.
Use DDEDIT to edit text
 Command:
ED or DDEDIT.
 OR
 Double-click
on existing text string.
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Revising Text with DDEDIT
 2.
Use DDMODIFY Command
 Not
as quick as DDEDIT.
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Changing Text with DDCHPROP
 2.
Use DDMODIFY Command
 Command
aliases: MO or DDMODIFY.
 Much slower.
 Small close box.
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Changing Text with DDCHPROP
 3.
DDCHPROP (dialog box) and CHPROP
(command line)
 can be used to make changes to single-line
text properties but it CANNOT change the
text.
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Changing Text with DDCHPROP
 The
following properties can be changed with
DDCHPROP and CHPROP.
 Color.
 Layer.
 Linetype.
 Linetype
scale.
 Thickness changes.
 Make color and layer changes to multiline text.
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Changing Text with DDCHPROP
 Command:
chprop
 Select
objects: 1 found
 Select objects:
 Enter property to change
[Color/LAyer/LType/ltScale/LWeight/Thickness]:
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Changing Text with CHANGE
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Changing Text with Change
 Text
can be moved or modified using the
CHANGE command.
 CH
or CHANGE
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Changing Text with Change
 Pick the
text to change
 Terminate text selection with [Enter].
 The prompts are:
 Specify
new text insertion point<no change>: (Pick
a new insertion point).
 Enter new text style <existing>: pick a new text
style).
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Changing Text with Change
 Specify
new height <existing>: (type a new text
height or accept default).
 Specify new rotation angle <existing>: (pick a new
rotation angle).
 Enter new text <selected text string>: (type new
text string).
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Spell Checking
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Checking Spelling
 Check spelling
 The
 Other
with the SP or SPELL command.
Check Spelling dialog box is displayed.
dictionaries can be used.
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Using CHANGE to Modify Text
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Other Text Tips
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Other Text Tips
 Text
presentation is very important to a
successful, accurate drawing.
 Carefully consider text arrangement to avoid
overcrowding.
 Group notes together to make drawing easier
to read.
 Place all general notes in one location.
 Use the spelling check feature.
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Other Text Tips
 Align
leader text either with a left-justification
or a right-justification.
 Makes
drawings look much neater.
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