Editing Using Modifying Commands
Chapter 11 – AutoCAD 2008
Sacramento City College
EDT 310
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Objectives
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Objectives-Learn to Use
Move
 Copy
 Break
 Rotate
 Trim
 Extend
 Lengthen
 Chamfer
 Fillet
 Stretch

 Scale
 Arrays
 Rectangular
Positive
 Negative

 Polar
Non rotated
 Rotated

 Offset
 Extend/Trim
 Basic
Text
 Alias
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“Modify” Commands Location
 These
commands are located under the
“Modify” Toolbar.
 These
commands can also be found under
the “Modify” pull-down menu.
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Toolbars
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
 Buttons
 Start
AutoCAD commands
 Buttons
with Drop-down Lists
 Have pictures
 Are named
 Modify
 Draw
 Standard
 Formatting
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
 ToolTips
 Hold
mouse over Button, and WAIT
 ToolTip appears
 Explanation of what Button does
 Clicking
a Button activates the Command
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
 Flyouts
 Small
black triangle in the lower-right corner of the
Button.
 Picking
and Holding the triangle
 Shows
a set of related buttons
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
can be
 Resized
 Modified
 Hidden
 Made
“floating”
 Docked
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
can be
 Resized
 Click-drag
the edge of the bar
 Modified
 Advanced
topic – covered later
 Hidden
 Not
displayed
 Click the “X” in the upper right corner to hide the
Toolbar
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Toolbars
 Toolbars
can be
 Floating
 Located
anywhere in the Drawing Space
 The “handle” is the top center bar
 Click-drag to move Toolbar
 Docked
 Toolbar
is “tied” to an edge of the screen
 Does not display a name when docked
 Can be made “floating”
 Click-drag the “handle” to undock
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The COMMAND Line
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The Command Line
 By
default, is “docked” at the bottom of
the AutoCAD window.
 Displays
prompt
the AutoCAD “COMMAND”
 The
COMMAND prompt Displays
information to user
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The Command Line
 The
COMMAND prompt
 Supplies
information
 OR
 Requests
input from user
 The
COMMAND prompt is the main
communication interface with AutoCAD.
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Selecting AutoCAD Commands
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Selecting AutoCAD Commands
 Commands
may be selected in four ways
 1.
Toolbar button
 2. Pull-down menus
 3. Short-cut menu item
 4. Typed at the keyboard
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Selecting AutoCAD Commands
 Command
Line Editing
 You
can select previously used commands by
using the up and down arrow keys
 This
capability allows for fast, repeated
use of the same command.
 Hit
the “up” arrow to recall the commands.
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Modifying Commands
Standard Sequence
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Modifying Commands Standard Sequence
 AutoCAD
pattern
commands follow a standard
 “DO”
“THIS”
 Select object
 Select where to “hold” object (handle)
 Select where to place object
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Modifying Commands Standard Sequence
 AutoCAD
pattern
commands follow a standard
 VERB
 Move
 COPY
 ROTATE
NOUN
chair
Line
object
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Modifying Commands Standard Sequence
 AutoCAD
pattern
commands follow a standard
 MOVE
line
 Select object
 (click
 Select
on line)
where to “hold” object (handle)
 Click
which point on the line you want to use as the
“handle”
 Select
where to place object
 Click
the location in the Drawing Window where
you want to place the line.
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The MOVE Command
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The MOVE Command
 The
MOVE Command
 Use
MOVE to change the location of objects
in the drawing window.
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The MOVE Command
 The
MOVE Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: M
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
MOVE
“MOVE” or “M” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; MOVE
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“Move” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“Move” from the Modify pull-down menu.
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MOVE Command Sequence
 MOVE
 Select
objects: 1 found
 Select objects:
 Specify base point or displacement: Specify
second point of displacement or <use first
point as displacement>:
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Move Command
 Select
all objects to be moved.
 Select the basepoint
 With
mouse and left mouse button.
 Think of the basepoint as the handle.
 Select
 With
the second point of displacement
the mouse and left mouse button.
 The
object will move after selection of the
second point of displacement.
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Move Command
 Don’t
forget to terminate your selection
with the [Enter] key!
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“Select Objects” Land
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“Select Objects” Land
 When
you are using an AutoCAD
command, and you start selecting objects,
you enter
SELECT
OBJECTS Land
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“Select Objects” Land
 You
cannot ESCAPE by clicking the mouse!
 You
are a PRISONER!
 There is only ONE WAY OUT!
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“Select Objects” Land
The
[ENTER] key!
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“Select Objects” Land
 When
you hit the [Enter] key, you can
finish the rest of the command.
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COPY Command
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The COPY Command
 Use
COPY to make one or more copies of
an existing drawing object.
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Copy Command
 The
COPY Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: CO
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
COPY
“COPY” or “CO” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; COPY
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“COPY” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“COPY” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Copy Command
 Select
all objects desired to be copied
 Select the basepoint with the mouse and
left mouse button.
 Think
of the basepoint as the “handle”.
 Select
the second point of displacement
with the mouse and left mouse button.
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Copy Command
 The
object will copy after selection of the
second point of displacement.
 Don’t
forget to terminate your selection
with the [Enter] key.
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COPY Command Sequence
 Command:
COPY
 Select
objects: 1 found
 Select objects:
 Specify base point or displacement, or
[Multiple]:
 Specify second point of displacement or <use
first point as displacement>:
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COPY Command Sequence - Multiple
 Command:
 Select
1
COPY
objects:
found
 Select
objects:
 ENTER (!) (terminates selections)
 Specify base point or displacement
 Specify base point:
 Specify second point of displacement :
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The MIRROR Command
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Mirror Command
 Objects
can be mirrored with this
command.
 You
mirror objects by first selecting them
and then selecting a line about which to
mirror them.
 The
“mirror line” is a hinge about which
the objects are mirrored or reflected.
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Mirror Command
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Mirror Command
 The
MIRROR Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: MI
by
 Command:
MIRROR
 Typing
“MIRROR” or “MI” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; MIRROR
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“MIRROR” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“MIRROR” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Mirror Command
 Select
objects with left mouse button.
 Terminate object selection with Enter key
 Select
the first point of mirror line:
 Indicate
 Select
the first point with mouse.
the second point of mirror line:
 Indicate
the second point with mouse.
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Mirror Command Sequence
 Delete
old objects <N> ?
 Type
“Y” to delete old objects
 “N” is the default.
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MIRROR Command Sequence
 Command:
MIRROR
 Select
objects: 1 found
 Select objects: 1 found, 2 total
 Select objects: Specify first point of mirror
line: Specify second point of mirror line:
 Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:
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Default Choices
 Default
choices are always shown in
“chevrons”
 Example:
 Press
<N>
[Enter] to select the default.
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The ROTATE Command
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Rotate Command
 Design
changes often require that an
object, feature, or view be rotated.
 Use
the ROTATE command to change the
orientation of an object or group of
objects.
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ROTATE Command
 The
ROTATE Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: RO
by
 Command:
ROTATE
 Typing
“ROTATE” or “RO” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; ROTATE
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“ROTATE” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“ROTATE” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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ROTATE Command
 Select
a base point with a mouse.
 Enter a rotation angle with mouse.
A
negative rotation angle revolves the
object clockwise.
A
positive rotation angle revolves the
object counterclockwise.
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ROTATE Command Sequence
 Command:
ROTATE
 Current
positive angle in UCS:
ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
 Select objects: 1 found
 Select objects: 1 found, 2 total
 Select objects:
 Specify base point:
 Specify rotation angle or [Reference]:
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The SCALE Command
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Scale Command
 The
SCALE command lets you change the
size of an object or a complete drawing.
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Scale Command
 The
SCALE command enlarges or reduces
the entire object proportionally.
 If
associative dimensioning is used, the
dimensions also change to reflect the new
size.
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Scale Factor
 Specifying
the Scale Factor is the default
option.
 Enter a number to indicate the amount of
enlargement or reduction.
 To
double the scale, type “2”
 To half the scale, type “0.5”
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Scale Command Sequence
 The
SCALE Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: SC
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
SCALE
“SCALE” or “SC” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; SCALE
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“SCALE” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“SCALE” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Scale Command Sequence
 Command:
“SC” or “SCALE”
 Select
objects
 Terminate object selection with the [Enter]
key.
 Select a Base point:
 Enter the <Scale factor>/Reference:
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Reference Option
 An
object can also be scaled by specifying
an new size in relation to an existing
dimension.
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SCALE Command Sequence-Reference
 Command:
SCALE
 Select
objects: 1 found
 Select objects:
 Specify base point:
 Specify scale factor or [Reference]: R
 Specify reference length <1>: 3
 Specify new length: 6
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Reference Option
 The
Scale command changes all
dimensions of an object proportionately.
 If
you want to change only the width or
length of an object, use the STRETCH or
LENGTHEN command instead.
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The BREAK Command
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Break Command
A
“gap” can be inserted in any object with
this command.
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Break Command Sequence
 The
BREAK Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: BR
by
 Command:
BREAK
 Typing
“BREAK ” or “BR” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; BREAK
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“BREAK” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“BREAK” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Break Command Sequence
 Command:
BREAK
 Select
objects:
 Enter second point (or F for first point)
 Typing
 A break
“F” allows you to re-specify the first point
is inserted in the object.
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The FILLET Command
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FILLET Command
 Definition:
In mechanical drafting, an
inside rounded corner is called a fillet.
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FILLET Command
 The
FILLET command draws a rounded
corner between intersecting and nonintersecting lines.
 Fillets
are sized by radius
 The default fillet radius is 0.5
 A new radius is specified first by typing
“R” on the prompt line for the Radius
option
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FILLET Command
 The
FILLET Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: F
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
FILLET
“FILLET” or “F” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; FILLET
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“FILLET” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“FILLET” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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FILLET Command
 Command:
“F” or “FILLET”
 (TRIM
mode) Current fillet radius = 0.5
 Polyline/Radius/Trim/(Select first object):
 Enter fillet radius: (enter the fillet radius and
press [Enter] or press [Enter] to accept the
current value.
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FILLET Command
 The
TRIMMODE system variable and the
Trim option controls whether or not the
FILLET command trims off object
segments that extend beyond the fillet
radius point.
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FILLET Command
 When
Trim mode is inactive,
 the
filleted objects are not changed after the
fillet is inserted. (The corners remain).
 When
Trim Mode is active,
 the
corners are automatically extended to
form a smooth fillet.
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The CHAMFER Command
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Chamfer
 Definition:
A chamfer is a small angled
surface used to relieve a sharp corner.
 AutoCAD
defines a chamfer as any angled
corner on the drawing.
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Chamfer
 The
size of a chamfer is determined by its
distance from the corner
A
45o chamfer is the same distance from
the corner in each direction.
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Chamfer Command Sequence
 The
CHAMFER Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: CHA
by
 Command:
CHAMFER
 Typing
“CHAMFER ” or “CHA” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; CHAMFER
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“CHAMFER” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“CHAMFER from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Chamfer Command Sequence
 Command:
CHAMFER
 (TRIM
mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 0.5000,
Dist2 = 0.5000
 Select first line or
[Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]
 Select second line:
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CHAMFER Command
 You
must first set the Options for the
Chamfer command.
 Select
chamfer
 Select any one of the following modifying
options by typing the capitalized letter
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CHAMFER Command Options
 Polyline
- Use this option if you want to
chamfer all edges on a Polyline
 Distance - lets you set the chamfer
distance for each line from the corner
 Angle  uses
a chamfer distance on the first line
 applies a chamfer angle to determine the
second line chamfer.
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Chamfer Command Options
 Trim
- Enter this to set the Trim mode.
 If
trim is on, the selected lines are
trimmed or extended as required from the
corner before creating the chamfer line.
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The DTEXT Command
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DTEXT command
 DTEXT
is the dynamic text command.
 Causes
text to be displayed on the screen as
you type.
 Creates single-line text
 Each line of text is a single object
 Most
useful for text items that require only
one line of text
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DTEXT Command Sequence
 The
DTEXT Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: DT
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
DTEXT
“DTEXT ” or “DT” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; DTEXT
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“DTEXT” from the Draw toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“DTEXT” from the Draw pull-down menu.
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DTEXT Command Sequence
 Command:
 Current
DTEXT
text style: "Standard" Text height:
0.2000
 Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:
 Specify height <0.2000>:
 Specify rotation angle of text <0>:
 Enter text: this is text
 Enter text: this is text
 Enter text:
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MTEXT Command
 MTEXT
(MT)
 Creates
multiple line text
 Think “Wordprocessor”
 Use for Paragraph of text.
 Use for mixed types of text
 Bold
 Underline
 Italics
 Varied
fonts
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The ARRAY Command
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Arrays
 Some
designs require a rectangular or
circular pattern of the same object.
 Suppose
your drawing calls for 20 desks
arranged in 5 rows.
 You
could draw the desk once and copy it 19
times or
 You could use the ARRAY command.
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ARRAY Command
A
Rectangular Array creates rows and
columns
A
Polar Array constructs a circular
arrangement
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Rectangular Arrays
A
rectangular array places objects along
the X and Y axes.
 Rows
= horizontal
 AutoCAD
 Columns
( - - -)
= vertical
 AutoCAD
(| | |)
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Rectangular Arrays
 The
ARRAY Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: AR
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
ARRAY
“ARRAY ” or “AR” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; ARRAY
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“ARRAY” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“ARRAY” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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Rectangular Array Command
 The
ARRAY Command
 Rectangular
or Polar array (R/P)<current>:
 Number of rows (- - -) <1>:
 Number of columns (| | |):
 Unit cell or distance between rows (- - -):
 Distance between columns ( | | | ):
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Polar Arrays
 Allows
you to arrange objects around a
Center Point.
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Polar Arrays
 Number
 enter
 Angle
the number of items desired
to fill (+ = ccw, - = cw)<current>:
 enter
 Angle
of items:
the direction to enter the items
between items:
 enter
 Rotate
a specific angle if desired
objects as they are copied? <Y>:
 enter
“Y” to rotate objects; “N” to keep objects in
the same orientation as the original.
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Polar Arrays
 Command:
ARRAY
 Select
objects: (select the object)
 Select objects: [Enter] to terminate selection
 Rectangular or Polar array (R/P)<current>:
 enter
R or P
 Base/<Specify
center point of array>: (pick the
center point of the array)
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The STRETCH Command
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STRETCH Command
 The
SCALE command changes the length
and width of an object proportionately.
 The
STRETCH command changes only one
dimension of an object.
 In
mechanical drafting, it is common to
increase the length of a part while leaving the
diameter or width the same.
 In architectural design, room sizes may be
stretched to increase the square footage.
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STRETCH Command
 When
using STRETCH, you must select
objects by:
 A crossing
window
 A crossing polygon
 If
you do not use a Crossing Window or a
Crossing Polygon, STRETCH will not work!
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STRETCH Command
 The
STRETCH Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: S
by
 Command:
STRETCH
 Typing
“STRETCH ” or “S” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; STRETCH
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“STRETCH” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“STRETCH” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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The CROSSING WINDOW
 To
use the Crossing window
 Type
“C” at the Select object: prompt
 or
 Drag
your selection window from right to left.
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STRETCH Command
 Select
only the portion of the object o be
stretched.
 If you select the entire object, STRETCH
acts like MOVE.
 Pick
a basepoint.
 This
is the location from which the object will be
stretched.
 Pick
a new position for the base point.
 As you move the screen cursor, the object is
stretched or compressed.
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STRETCH Command Sequence
 Command:
STRETCH
 Select
objects to stretch by crossing-window
or crossing-polygon...
 Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1
found
 Select objects:
 Specify base point or displacement:
 Specify second point of displacement:
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The OFFSET Command
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OFFSET Command
 The
OFFSET command is used to draw
concentric
 Circles.
 Arcs.
 Curves.
 Polylines.
 Parallel
lines.
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OFFSET Command
 The
OFFSET Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: O
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
OFFSET
“OFFSET ” or “O” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; OFFSET
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“OFFSET” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“OFFSET” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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OFFSET Command
 Type
a distance or pick a point for the
parallel object o be drawn through.
 The
last offset distance entered is shown
in brackets.
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OFFSET Command
 The
other option is to pick a point that the
offset is drawn through.
 Type
T to select the “through” option.
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The TRIM Command
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The TRIM Command
 The
TRIM command cuts:
 lines
 circles
 arcs
 ellipses
 splines
 xlines
 rays
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The TRIM Command
 The
TRIM Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: TR
by
 Command:
 Typing
 Menu:
TRIM
“TRIM ” or “TR” at the Command: prompt.
Modify; TRIM
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“TRIM” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“TRIM” from the Modify pull-down menu.
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The TRIM Command
 TRIM
requires a “cutting edge”.
 The cutting edge can be:
a
line
 an arc
 text
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The TRIM Command
 An
implied intersection is the point where
two or more objects would meet if they
were extended.
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TRIM Command Sequence
Command: trim
 Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=Extend
 Select cutting edges ...
 Select objects: 1 found
 Select objects:
 Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]:
 Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]:

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TRIM Command Options









Command: TRIM
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=Extend
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: e
Enter an implied edge extension mode [Extend/No
extend] <Extend>:
Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]:
Select object to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]:
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The EXTEND Command
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The EXTEND Command
 The
EXTEND command is used to
lengthen existing
 lines
 arcs
 rays
 open
polylines
 This
command is the opposite of the TRIM
command.
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The EXTEND Command
 The
EXTEND Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: EX
by
 Command:
EXTEND
 Typing
“EXTEND ” or “EX” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; EXTEND
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“EXTEND” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“EXTEND” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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The EXTEND Command
 The
command format is similar to TRIM.
 You are asked to select boundary edges, as
opposed to cutting edges.
 Boundary edges are objects such as lines,
arcs or text to which the selected objects are
extended.
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The EXTEND Command
 You
can also EXTEND an object to an
implied intersection.
 Select
the Edge option.
 When you enter the Edge option, the choices
are Extend and No extend.
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The EXTEND Command
 When
Extend is active, the boundary edge
object is checked to see if it intersects when
extended.
 If an intersection does exist, the implied
intersection point can be used as the
boundary for the object to be extended.
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The EXTEND Command
 Command:
 Current
EX or EXTEND
settings: Project = UCS. Edge=None
 Select boundary edges…
 Select objects: (pick the boundary edge)
 Select objects [Enter]
 Select object to extend or
[Project/Edge/Undo]: E
 Enter implied edge extension or mode
[Extend/No extend] <No extend>: E
 Select object to extend or
[Project/Edge/Undo]:
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The EXTEND Command
 The
Project option deals with objects in
three dimensions.
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The LENGTHEN Command
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LENGTHEN Command
 The
LENGTHEN command can be used
 to
change the length of objects
 to change the included angle of an arc.
 Only
time.
one object can be lengthened at a
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LENGTHEN Command
 The
LENGTHEN command does not affect
closed objects.
 You
can lengthen a line, polyline, arc elliptical
arc or spline.
 You cannot lengthen a closed polygon or
circle.
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LENGTHEN Command
 The
LENGHTEN Command
 Command
 Select
Alias: LEN
by
 Command:
LENGHTEN
 Typing
“LENGHTEN ” or “LEN” at the Command:
prompt.
 Menu:
Modify; LENGTHEN
 Selecting
 Toolbar:
“LENGHTEN ” from the Modify toolbar.
Modify
 Selecting
“LENGHTEN ” from the Modify pull-down
menu.
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LENGTHEN Command
 When
you select an object, AutoCAD
 gives
you the current length if the object is
linear
 gives you the included angle if the object is an
arc.
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LENGTHEN Command
 Command:
LEN or LENGTHEN
 Select
an object or
[Delta/Percent/Total/Dynamic] (pick an object)
 Current length: current
 Select an object or
Delta/Percent/Total/Dynamic]
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LENGTHEN Command
 Delta.
 The
Delta option allows you to specify a
positive or negative change in the length
measured from the endpoint of a selected
object.
 The lengthening or shortening occurs closest
to the selection point, and changes the length
by the amount entered.
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