NH and CH in ACE
SATELLITE SOLAR
SPECTRUM
P. F. BERNATH
Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
R. S. RAM
Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
R. COLIN
Spectroscopie de l’Atmosphere…, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B1050, Brussels,
Belgium
Kitt Peak Solar Spectrum
C: Balmer Hα
Na D lines
High Res. IR Solar Atlases
Nine Kitt Peak solar atlases
recorded with the McMathPierce Fourier transform
spectrometer (available at
ftp://nsokp.nso.edu/pub/atlas)
plus some work at
Jungfraujoch
High quality spectra but
telluric absorption is a
problem. Solution is
satellite observations.
ATMOS Mission
High resolution (0.01 cm-1)
FTS covering 650-4750 cm-1
spectral region that flew on
the Space Shuttle in 1985
(Spacelab-3), 1992 (ATLAS1), 1993 (ATLAS-2) and 1994
(ATLAS-3). Used
photoconductive MCT
detectors and filters to
improve the signal-to-noise
ratio. (Good spectral
coverage, but severe
nonlinearity and spectra were
recorded in pieces.)
ACE Satellite
Bernath et al. GRL, 32, L15S01
(2005)
http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca
Solar Occultation
ATMOS Spacelab-3, 1985
New atomic and
molecular
assignments
(ACE linelist) by
L. Wallace
(NOAO);
improved
spectroscopic
data for CH, NH
and OH.
ATMOS ATLAS-3, 1994
OH: Bernath &
Colin JMS, 257,
20 (2009) &
HITRAN updated.
ACE, 2008
ACE Solar Spectrum
CH, NH, OH
OH
CO
Δv=2
CO, Δv=1
http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca/solaratlas.html
ACE solar spectrum (F. Hase): 224782 spectra added, improvement over ATMOS, no
telluric lines, but 0.02 cm-1 vs 0.01 cm-1 resolution (resolution largely determined by
width of solar lines) and 750-4400 cm-1 vs 600-4800 cm-1.
NH X3Σ- Introduction
Vibration-rotation lines prominent in cool stellar
spectra: e.g., Lambert & Beer 1972
Previous IR lab spectra recorded in emission:
Boudjaadar et al. 1986; Ram et al. 1999
Lab pure rotation spectra: Lewen et al. 2004; Brown
and coworkers, 2004 and 2007
Astronomical pure rotational spectra: e.g. Sgr B2 with
ISO by Polehampton et al. 2007
Magnetic trapping at low temperature: Campbell et al.
2007
Vibration-rotation and pure rotation lines measured by
ATMOS in solar spectrum: Grevesse et al. 1990
IR NH
Spectra
Lab: HC
emission
Ram & Bernath, JMS
260, 115 (2010)
ACE
Solar
ATMOS
Solar
More lines detected
for 1-0, 2-1, 3-2, 43, 5-4 vibrationrotation bands and
6-5 measured for
first time.
NH X3Σ- Spectroscopic Constants
Constants
Tv
Bv
Dv × 103
Hv × 107
Lv × 1011
Mv × 1016
γv × 102
γDv × 105
γHv × 109
λv
λDv × 107
v=0
0.0
16.343275263(395)
1.7028445(106)
1.238065(286)
-1.45460(273)
6.9165(804)
-5.485506(133)
1.51582(371)
-1.2744(612)
0.91989675(238)
3.436a
v=1
3125.572486(102)
15.696418284(664)
1.67936108(900)
1.171315(181)
-1.428646(964)
0.0
-5.197386(357)
1.47892(518)
-1.0255(757)
0.91947092(823)
0.0
v=2
6094.874867(176)
15.050471062(651)
1.6612632(121)
1.104920(276)
-1.66709(162)
0.0
-4.908779(335)
1.38427(403)
0.0
0.91790688(952)
0.0
Tv
Bv
Dv × 103
Hv × 107
γv × 102
γDv × 105
λv
v=4
11562.315232(660)
13.7459245(174)
1.644947(113)
0.72193(199)
-4.29585(553)
0.9914(240)
0.911010(617)
v=5
14056.152740(954)
13.0763110(320)
1.654057(265)
0.46183(583)
-3.99959(932)
0.8641(563)
0.904573(855)
v=6
16384.34774(310)
12.3840839(548)
1.678250(208)
0.0
-3.5477(115)
0.0
0.90305(207)
v=3
8907.595251(364)
14.40201424(872)
1.6506064(553)
1.02953(113)
-2.10970(687)
0.0
-4.61922(304)
1.33190(894)
0.0
0.915473(332)
0.0
D0 ~ 28000 cm-1
CH X2Π Introduction
Vibration-rotation lines prominent in cool stellar
spectra: e.g., Lambert et al. 1986 in C stars
Previous IR lab spectra recorded in emission:
e.g., Bernath 1987
Lab pure rotation spectra: Amano 2000; Brown
and coworkers, 2001 and 2008
Astronomical pure rotational spectra: e.g., Sgr
B2 with ISO by Polehampton et al. 2007
Vibration-rotation (but not pure rotation lines)
measured by ATMOS in solar spectrum: e.g.,
Mélen et al. 1989
CH
2
XΠ
More lines added
to the previously
observed 1-0, 2-1,
3-2 and 4-3 bands
& 5-4 measured
for the first time.
in ACE Spectrum
5-4
4-3
R1f(10.5)
R1f(2.5)
R2e(9.5)
2-1
P2f(5.5)
R1e(2.5)
P1e(6.5)
R1e(10.5)
P2e(5.5)
R2f(9.5)
P1f(6.5)
2425
2426
2427
2428
-1
Wavenumber (cm )
2429
CH Ground State Constants
D0 ~ 28200 cm-1
v
0
1
2
3
4
5
T
0
2732.97814(94)
5339.9036(15)
7822.2184(18)
10180.9996(22)
12416.787(10)
A
28.1467 (a)
28.3383 (a)
28.616(51)
28.765(48)
28.968(45)
29.17 (b)
B
14.192393(61)
13.661790(53)
13.135810(50)
12.61342(50)
12.092993(54)
11.57300(23)
D x 103
1.46113(37)
1.43742(31)
1.41554(31)
1.39612(32)
1.37912(35)
1.3693(11)
H x 107
1.1065(75)
1.0626(85)
1.0212(97)
0.979(10)
0.917(10)
0.88 (b)
L x 1012
-3.4(18)
-4.3(16)
-5.7(15)
-7.6(13)
-9.3(11)
-11.6 (b)
-2.854(86)
-2.655(85)
-2.463(83)
-2.324(81)
-2.139(80)
-1.93(70)
γD x 105
1.78(24)
1.65(22)
1.54(21)
1.50(19)
1.33(18)
1.29 (b)
q x 102
3.8660(31)
3.7285(29)
3.5920(32)
3.4542(36)
3.3179(43)
3.1776(32)
qD x 105
-1.590(20)
-1.551(22)
-1.509(24)
-1.461(24)
-1.410(25)
-1.35 (b)
qH x 109
4.06(57)
3.80(53)
3.56(48)
3.30(42)
2.90(37)
2.52 (b)
p x 102
3.465(36)
3.261(34)
3.119(36)
2.967(42)
2.836(52)
2.674(62)
pD x 105
-1.01(37)
-0.85(34)
-0.74(32)
-0.63(29)
-0.60(27)
-0.55 (b)
γ x 102
ACE Solar Atlas
1.
2.
3.
http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca/
Digital data
pdf and ps atlases with
assignments marked
Table of atomic and
molecular assignments