Leisure Services
Programming
Planning
地區發展計畫
v.s.
Programming
企劃安排
Programming is the single most important
product of a leisure and recreation
organization休閒遊憩組織最重要的產品,
why？
The opportunity for people to enjoy
leisure is made available through
programming p. 447
Programming must achieve optimal use最
佳使用 of existing resources (…) to meet
the goals of the organization and the needs
of people
Leisure programming
Consists of planning, scheduling,
timetabling and implementing action
which uses resources, facilities and staff to
offer a wide range of services and activities.
A balanced program平衡企畫 would 包含?
Balanced Program Features
Opportunities to：
participate in a range of leisure activities
on a structured and informal basis
participate actively, passively or creatively
be involved as an individual or with a club
or group
time set aside for a regular core program
of activities as well as time set aside for a
variable program
competition, participation events and
audience and spectator special events
Who Does programming?
Balanced programs giving equal
opportunity to all is extremely difficult to
fashion.
“There is nothing more unequal than the
equal treatment of unequals”
What Constitutes a
Program?
Activities活動:
Amenities設施:
Services服務:
Staff人員:
Money
p. 451
Program Classification
Why to learn分類 ？
Balance of program types
Function功能:
Facilities設施:
People人:
Outcomes結果:
社區遊憩企畫
The total experiences of individuals and
groups resulting from community action in
providing areas, facilities, leadership and
funds,
企劃的成功 ?
Programming Strategies
Community development社區發展:
programs which emanate from the
community itself  the process itself and
the participation
Social planning社會規劃: planned
programs directed professionally by officers
or authorities 由當局主導
Approach Differences
Important difference？ p. 452
View觀點
Involved tasks工作
Working groups工作團體
Skills
The programs are only successful as long as
the support is available over a sustained
period of time 企劃成功的要素
Which one is used the most by the local
authorities? Why?
Which one is better?
Lessons from past mistakes
p. 457
Programming by Objectives
 Interpret policy政策, establish aims and
objectives目標 p. 461
 Assess resources and current and potential
demand
 Set objectives
 Plan the program
 Promote, implement and control the
program
 Evaluate the program
 Obtain feedback回饋 and modify
Activity Programming
遊憩體驗是一動態過程, 影響因素?
六個活動企劃元素
1. 參與互動者
2. 實質情境
3. 休閒事物
4. 規則
參與者之間的關係
活化活動
Customers buy expectations or benefits of
benefits
遊憩體驗階段
Anticipation
Travel to
On-site
Travel back
Recollection
Programmers 通常於何時介入?
應於何時介入?
Benefits-Based
Management
全面管理策略, 公園與遊憩機構行銷管理的新
方法, 讓人們了解公園與遊憩機構對人們的
好處
Benefits-Based Awareness
Benefits-Based Programming, BBP
Benefits-Based
Programming
結果導向, 為特定對象創造具體利益,
Program Areas
Leisure activities may be classified based on
types of activities活動, amount and kind of
involvement by the customer消費者涉入量
和類型, activity settings活動情境, activity
benefits活動效益, …
Arts
Literary activities
Self-improvement/Education
Sports, Games, and Athletics
Aquatics
Outdoor recreation
Wellness
Hobbies
Social recreation
Volunteer services
Travel and tourism
Emerging Areas of Program
Importance
Youth Programming
Family Programming
Program Formats
The configuration or way in which
experiences are sequenced排序 and linked
to one another to increase the likelihood
that customers will achieve desired benefits
企畫者需知可傳遞休閒體驗leisure
experiences的各種結構
Formats of Program
Competitive
Drop-In or Open
Class
Club
Special Event
Workshop/Conference
Interest Group
Outreach援外
Program Matrix
須針對六元素及目標來考量