FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR 3 COMPANIES GROUP 4 Members: 1. Ralph Matthew A. Ong (M997Z245) 2. Ha Phuoc Vu (M997Z244) 3. Tran Khai Khuong (M997Z212) 4. Melva Hermayanty Saragih (M997Z227) 5. Pham Dinh Chien (M997Z201) Health & Fitness Club EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Health & Fitness Club will provide health care and body workout services. Health & Fitness Club will offer low cost services to all segments of customer. Owners are experienced and dedicated towards health care services. Health care market is on the boom in USA. Market volume is expected to reach $69.8 billion by the year 2012. A large segment of market is still untapped. Heart disease and obesity are on record high causing increase in health club demand. Low income market segment is ignored by key competitors. Health & Fitness Club market is competitive in USA but provides equal growth opportunities. Increasing awareness, obesity and heart disease are the driving forces for market growth. Health & Fitness C lu b will have their own training facility with state of the art health care equipment from quality manufacturers. Good health habits are very important at any age and it is never too late to change habits in ways that will improve health. One of the key factors for increasing health is exercise. A regular program of exercise can: Aid in weight management Lower risk of heart disease and certain types of cancer Increase life span and quality of life Helps control hypertension and diabetes Increase and maintain flexibility Reduces muscles tension Promotes increased circulation Aids in relaxation, stress reduction Develops body awareness PART I: CONCEPT STATEMENT 1. Description of the product/service offered: Products: Aerobics Cycling Boxing Yoga Gymnasium Exercise halls Services: A health and fitness club provides services to its members to improve their physical condition or appearance through exercise. The proposed health and fitness club will provide indoor facilities of Gymnasium, Exercise halls, and a Gym shop & Cafe to male and female members and will offer services of personal training by qualified instructors. Health and fitness club should be centrally located within a residential town to provide easy access to the inhabitants. 2. The benefits of product/service Convenience For new fitness clubs to be a success, it has to be conveniently located. People are more likely to use a facility if it is close to home or work. Also the fitness facility should have hours and class times that work within client’s busy schedule. Personal qualified trainers to help our members achieving results without wasting much time. Type of Facility State of the art facility with latest equipment from quality manufacturers There are many different types of fitness facilities, each being the perfect motivational tool for a specific type of person. Pricing Low cost with monthly, quarterly and annual subscription plans Price levels should be set at affordable levels considering income brackets of people who live in the vicinity and also after considering the competitor’s price levels. PART II: FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS 1. Industry attractiveness A Health & Fitness club can be descried as a service facility that is intended to provide physical health care exercises with the help of specialized equipment. It normally serves both male and female customers but in some cases females are provided special attention by providing them female only health clubs in which all staff including trainers are also females. Normally, the environment is made casual to provide customers comfortable experience that helps them performing bodybuilding and other exercises with ease. Commercial Health club industry is emerging as one of the good business ventures in USA. People are getting conscious and aware about their health and feel the importance of exercise in the busy life. Currently health club industry is segmented and unorganized excluding few health clubs. There is neither an association of these clubs which is working actively for the development of this industry nor government or health department/ministry has collected any data about the quantity and quality of these clubs. Neither have the authorities set any quality standards for such clubs like in developed countries. A lot of people are venturing into this trade, as it is a flourishing business. Competition is healthy but these gyms do not cater to health needs that can be a risk. A lot of people after discontinue the gyms after having complaints of joint pain and other related health issues. 2. Target market attractiveness The target customers for health clubs are the population of big cities having age group of 18 to 50 years. Health & Fitness club will start by targeting low income segment of market downtown area. They will convince people about the benefits and needs of wellness programs. This will be accomplished by aggressively pursuing interaction and relationships with peoples in public health awareness programs and by sending newsletters and emails through website. The market for health clubs in USA has been developing steadily over the last decade and a mushroom growth of Gym and clubs is being observed in all the cities. But still a good potential exists for quality health clubs. Location and amenities are some of the most vital factors in the success of a health club. Health care club market in USA is getting more and more demanding with the passage of time. Following are the common demands that have arise in recent past. Customization: People who already have membership or those who are willing to have one, are interested in subscribing to a customized health care plan according to their requirements or as per the recommendation of medical expert. Ease of Service: People are looking for exercises that are easy to adopt and are performed by expert trainers. Effectiveness of Exercise: Members are very demanding over results of the exercises which they are performing. An expert trainer can be helpful in setting a proper exercise plan for the members so they can work out accordingly. Huge market is available for new health clubs to enter. It is only the matter of creating awareness for which media is playing a positive role. 3. Market timeliness Health & Fitness Club will follow this service execution model to enter in the health club market. Execution Period Task January Choosing location Website development Hiring, training and admin staff Advertising Opening of Health & Fitness Club February March April May June √ √ July √ √ √ √ √ 4. Organizational feasibility The total human resource requirement of the health and fitness club is 17. Skilled instructors are easily available at competitive salaries. Number of workers required for each department is as follows: Annual Department/Positions Number Salary/Month USD USD Manager 1 510 6010 Instructors (Male/Female) 4 310 14410 Gym Helpers 4 140 6250 Admin/Accountant 1 210 2410 General physician 1 310 3610 Cleaners 4 140 6250 Security guard 2 150 3370 Total 17 42310 salary 5. Financial feasibility Capital investment for purchase of equipment is the major component of total start-up cash needed of a Health and Fitness club. Following table shows the detail of the Total start-up cash needed: Capital Investment Equipment Air conditioners Computer with UPS Furniture & fixtures Printer Sound system Water dispenser Generator Refrigerator Pre-operating costs Total Capital Costs Units Cost per unit 10 2 710 710 1 2 1 1 2 250 610 310 18,510 710 Operating expenses Operating Expenses Administrative Salaries Rent Legal & Audit Fee Entertainment Telephone, Fax and Postage Electricity Generator Cost Advertisement Repair of equip Traveling conveyance Printing and stationery Depreciation Amortization USD 42,260 29,180 510 1,250 1,250 31,590 6,850 3,750 2,390 630 630 7,940 2,850 131,080 USD 42,350 7,100 1,420 6,010 250 1,220 310 18,510 1,420 14,210 92,800 6. Exercise Equipment Requirement. Description Slimming, Warm up & Waist Electric jogger power fit Cost per unit Units Total Cost 1,610 4 6440 6440 Exercise Bicycle Air Resistance Dual Action Heavy Duty Dual Action 210 310 2 2 420 620 1040 Stepper Mini Stepper With handles 290 2 580 580 310 170 2 1 620 170 Twister Twister- Double with handles Twister- Single Belt Massager Crunch Vertical Knee Raise Roman Chair Hyper Extension (Adjustable) Sit-up Bench Abdominal Board with stand (Multi and Adjustable) 330 250 270 250 250 100 510 1 1 1 1 1 2 330 250 270 250 250 200 2 1020 2570 2 2 1 400 400 200 1 650 2 2 1220 1820 1 1 710 710 1 970 7080 1 710 Total Chest Exercise Bench Press (with plate holder) Incline Press (with plate holder) Decline Press (with plate holder) Butter fly Machine (with 60 Kg weight) Sitting Bench Press Machine (with 50 Kg weight) 200 200 200 650 610 Multi Smith machine Bench Press Flying Machine (with 60 kg) 910 710 Pull Over Machine Cable cross over Machine with chinup bar (with 100 kg) 710 970 Total Leg Extension(with 60 Kg weight) 710 Hack Squarts Power line leg press Leg Curl Machine(with 50 Kg weight) Leg Stand Standing calves machine(with 100 Kg weight) 1,010 1,010 910 Sitting calves machine Total 410 Arm Exercise Preacher Curl Bench(manual) Preacher Curl Bench (machine) Bent Over Lever row: T-Bar Standing Curl Stand Triceps Dip Shoulder Press Machine (with 50 kg weight) 1 1 1010 1010 1 910 1 1 310 410 1 1 1 1 1 250 710 370 90 170 1 710 1 1310 1 2510 310 250 710 370 90 170 710 Total Multi Gymnasium Multi four Station65,000 (200 Kg weight) with Cable rowing, Lat pull, Twister & T- bar extension 1,310 Total Multi Six Station125,000 (350 Kg weight) with Cable rowing, Peck deck, Triceps extension, Lat pull, Chin up bar, Preacher cable machine Rods Dumbles and Weights Rods (Chrome Coated) Olympic rod(6 Ft) Curling rod(4 Ft) Rod 5-feet EZ Curl Bar Rod 7-feet Total Dumbles Chrome Coated @ Rs. 250 per Kg: 6 kg1,500 2,510 80 60 70 90 90 3 2 2 2 1 240 120 140 180 90 310 10 3100 8 kg2,000 10 kg2,500 12 kg3,000 14 kg3,500 16 kg4,000 18 kg4,500 20 kg5,000 24 kg6,000 28 kg7,000 32 kg8,000 40 kg10,000 Total Weights Chrome Coated @ Rs. 250 per Kg: 2.5 kg 5 kg 10 kg 15 kg 20 kg Total Dumble and weight racks Multi Dumble Rack Multi Weight Rack Total Yoga & Pilates equipment Yoga mats Pilates Equipment Total TOTAL 410 310 370 430 330 370 610 490 290 330 410 4,550 10 6 6 6 4 4 6 4 2 2 2 4100 1860 2220 2580 1320 1480 3660 1960 580 660 820 20 30 60 80 110 10 12 12 12 12 200 360 720 960 1320 310 210 0 0 0 0 110 2 2 15 620 420 0 0 0 0 1650 42350 Feasibility Analysis LOTUS RESTAURANT INTRODUCTION Restaurants play an especially important role in many small communities. In addition to providing a place to obtain food service, these establishments can be a focal point to facilitate an exchange of ideas and an opportunity to build social capital. Consequently, having a restaurant on main streets benefits both the owner and the community. We have all had meals in a variety of restaurants. The level of service provided, location, range of menu prices, and selection all add unique dimensions to a restaurant. The types of restaurant can be classified into 3 broad groups: Quick-Service or fast-food restaurants typically have limited menus, serve food prepared quickly for eat-in or takeout dining, and often offer drive-up service at a relatively inexpensive price. Mid-scale restaurants generally offer full service meals at a perceived value. Variations of midscale restaurants offer somewhat limited service with customers ordering at the counter and food served at tables. Another variation of mid-scale restaurants is a small town cafe. A cafe or coffee shop typically has limited hours and a limited menu; however, meals are often flavored with local news or seasoned over casual business. The cafe may also be a community gathering or meeting place in lieu of a meeting hall. Upscale restaurants offer fine dining with full table service, focusing on quality rather than on price. These restaurants may also include specialties such as Chinese, French, and other foreign or ethnic foods. Upscale restaurants are often used for special occasions such as birthdays and anniversaries. If the facility is large enough to accommodate banquets or special events, receptions and meetings are also scheduled in these restaurants. PART 1: CONCEPT STATEMENT 1. A description of the product being offered The restaurant we intend to build is a mid-scale restaurant. It will offer the meals for a family but the menu is limited and the price is acceptable. The products of restaurant will be food and beverages with a high quality services. We also supply the service for a small party such as birthdays, small meetings, etc. The restaurant is decorated with a warm atmosphere, suitable for a meal family and all the members of the family can talk together. Here is some information we intend: The Name of Restaurant: LOTUS RESTAURANT Size of Restaurant: Mid-Scale Restaurant Location: BinhThanh District – Ho Chi Minh City – Viet Nam 2. The intended target market Families want to hang out for a meal. Companies want to celebrate medium parties (the number of participants is less than 300). Customers are in the middle class. They do not need to pay a lot of money for a good meal or party. 3. The benefits of product The restaurant offers: High quality food to the customers. Better services to the customers. Better sitting facility to the customers. Better environment to the customers. Better waiting facility to the customers. Best price for a meal. A clean, comfortable environment especially suited for families. The mission of restaurant is to achieve the economies of scale to minimize costs while maximizing value to Customers. It can make our restaurant can be different with other restaurants. 4. A brief description of the company’s management team Mr. Ha Phuoc Vu – General Manager BA in Accounting and Auditing – The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam (2009). Master Degree in Business Administration – Southern Taiwan University (2011). Ms. Nguyen Tran Thao Bien – Sale Manager BA in International Business – Lac Hong University, Vietnam (2010). Master Degree in Business Administration – Southern Taiwan University (2011). Mr. Huynh Tan Tai – Human Resource Manager BA in Human Resource Management – Ho Chi Minh University of Economics, Vietnam (2010). Master Degree in Business Administration – Southern Taiwan University (2011). Besides that, the staff team of restaurant consists of the experienced and dedicated staffs, who work in a team spirit to achieve common goals. In our pursuit for overall excellence, we have evolved pro-active mechanisms and work culture with introducing new food and beverages to satisfy customer and attract new customers. PART 2: FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS 1. Product/Service feasibility analysis After the concept statement is developed, we showed this to 100 people who usually use the service of the Mid-scale restaurant to receive the feedback about how likely would you be to buy the product or service of our restaurant? And here is the result: Definitely would buy 45 Probably would buy 36 Might or might not to buy 14 Probably would not buy 5 Definitely would not buy 0 Total 100 2. Industry/Target market feasibility analysis Currently, there are some certain restaurants in the city, including: - King - Phoenix - Ngon - Viet - VipVuon - Truc Lam Vien But in the surrounding 2 – 5k.m.s of area, from the region choosen,there is no availability even of any restaurant. King and Phoenix are, a very popular and good restaurant, onceupon a time has suffered a lot due to the inconsistency in terms of product and service quality. Due to Phoenix lost quality people are looking forward for that quality to come back into the market. People want a place where they can get everything “from fun to rest.” Away from city area. Generally people like to have a peaceful and different place for the parties Based on the survey, this place where our restaurant located the need of families wants to hang out for a meal is at high level. This place is also near the buildings where many companies located. We can attract the customers from the staffs of companies by offering good lunch, dinner, small party (birthdays, anniversaries, etc). 3. Organizational feasibility Analysis The total human resource requirement of restaurant is 38, including officers (managers, accountant, booking staffs), chefs, service staffs, and security guard. For officers, chefs and security guard, we pay the salary every month (not depend on the number of hours they work). But for service staffs, most of them are part-time staffs so, we pay them base on the number of hours they work. In the “hot” season, we can hire more part-time job staffs and they will be paid based on the number of hours they work. Officers 7 persons Chefs 2 persons Service Staffs 27 persons Morning 6 persons Afternoon 10 persons Evening 11 persons Security Guard 2 persons Total 38 persons 4. Financial Feasibility Analysis In this part, the expected profit and loss account for the 1st business year and some more detail information can be supplied to make sure that the plan of this business can make profit. THE EXPECTED PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT FOR THE 1ST YEAR Debit 650,000.00 Food and Beverages Credit 650,000.00 Sale of Food, Consumed 62,100.00 Salaries 120,720.00 Fixed (monthly) Salary 62,400.00 Hourly Salary 58,320.00 Electricity Expense 16,000.00 Telephone Expense 2,755.00 Beverages 650,000.00 Administrative Expenses 1,558.00 Maintenance and Repairs 11,070.00 Gas 12,000.00 Newspaper 810.00 Decoration 11,910.00 Depreciation 272,832.00 Building 121,392.00 Equipment 64,380.00 Furniture 87,060.00 Interest On Loan Net Profit 40,000.00 98,245.00 The Net Profit of the 1st business year is 98,245 US$ (8,187 US$/month). That is the good result for this plan. More detail information about Salary per month: Monthly Salary Hourly Salary No of No of Staffs US$/person/month Amount US$ per hours hour per Amount (30 working days in a month) shift Manager 3 700 2100 Accountant 2 400 800 Booking Staffs 2 400 800 Chefs 2 550 1100 Service Staffs 27 Morning 6 1.5 4 1080 Afternoon 10 1.5 4 1800 Evening 11 1.5 4 1980 Security 2 Guard Total 38 200 400 5200 4860 Capital Investment: Time of Capital investment Amount (US$) Building Equipment Kitchen Cost 1,213,920.00 depreciation 10 years 321,900.00 211,200.00 5 years Gas connection 72,600.00 5 years Telephone Connection 19,200.00 5 years Computer 18,900.00 5 years 50,785.00 7years Furniture More detail about depreciation: per month Building Equipment 10,116.00 121,392.00 5,365.00 64,380.00 Kitchen Cost 3,520.00 Gas connection 1,210.00 Telephone Connection 320.00 Computer 315.00 Furniture 7,255.00 Overall Potential Part 1: Strength of Business Idea High potential Part 2: Industry-Related Issues High potential Part 3: Target market and Customer-Related Issues per year Moderate potential Part 4 Founder- (or founders-) Related Issues Moderate potential Part 5: Financial Issues Moderate potential Overall Assessment Moderate potential 87,060.00 LUCKY DISTRO (Feasibility Analysis) Introduction A fresh, alternative option in shopping for clothing lines such as t-shirts, jackets, bags and accessories is distro-shopping. Distribution Outlets or people in Indonesia usually called “Distro” is a shop which sells stylish product that made by local designers. In the early 2000s, many youths got creative by designing their own t-shirts. Learn how to use computer graphic design programs, make a deal with a good printmaker and voila, an eye-catching t-shirt with whatever it is you want to put on it. Not satisfied with t-shirts, they would also make bags, pants, belts and other fashion items, making a whole clothing line. The products were sold in a small shop (called ‘distro’), which usually also sells CDs from aspiring young musicians. The clothing line business went to a boom and with the passing time the good clothing line makers survive and distros are no longer the small unused-room-in-a-house-turned-shops but two-storied buildings with proper air conditioning. The clothing items and accessories found in a distro typically caters to the youth, sometimes reminding us of major surfing clothing lines design such as Roxy and also of popular designs of rock band t-shirts, but their design concepts are admirable enough. Plus, we can always get a fancy wallet or bag we feel too old to wear the products in such an overtly manner or if the sizes simply doesn’t fit us. Until now distro in Indonesia still flourish and most distros quite successful and famous. One thing that makes distros stand out from factory outlet is that distros come from individual designers and young entrepreneurs, while factory outlet products come from a garment factory. People like to buy t-shirt, jacket or wallet in distro because their products are limited, they produce things not in a big amount like factory, so the product is exclusive and the price is not high. So these are the characteristics of products that Distro offers and it also distinguish them from factory outlet: The product is exclusive because they produce in limited product. Its design is up-date, unique, and fashionable. Each distro has an own unique, like a sport distro, a rock distro, a beach distro, etch. Distro is identical with young people The price is not high. Several distro prepare a local designer as their employee to offer the customer variety of model. They make some design of products then display them in the outlet. PART 1: CONCEPT STATEMENT 1. A description of the product being offered We intend to build a distro which produces and sells exclusive clothes, caps, wallets and accessories for young people. We also prepare up-date, unique and fashionable products with various designs from our young local designer. Every items of product will be produced in limited edition so they are exclusive product. The customers who want to buy product also can order the new designs that display inside outlet or even further they can discuss their own model with our designer. The distro is decorated with fun and full of art atmosphere with our professional and friendly young staff inside 2 storiedbuilding. The name of distro: LUCKY DISTRO Location: At Dr. Mansyur Street, Medan City, North Sumatera, Indonesia. 2. The intended target market Young people, teenagers, and families who love exclusive, fashionable, and unique products. 3. The benefits of product Provide good price to the customer Introduce a fashion world Provide the best service and comfortable outlets Provide the interesting place to share and discuss about the model of product the customer wanted to buy. PART 2: FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS 1. Industry Attractiveness Clothing business and distribution outlets (popularly as DISTRO) are increasingly mushrooming in Indonesia. Today, about 1000 DISTRO are spreading out in 94 cities and regencies across Indonesia. About 400 clothing business and DISTRO are spreading out in Bandung. The DISTRO is also mushrooming in Yogyakarta and Jakarta. In the last ten years, the business clothing and DISTRO are mushrooming quickly. A community development is a source. This is because the importance of public space. The turnover of this business reached Rp300 billion annually. Every DISTRO has special performance. They have special character on the clothing sold, such as skater, surfer, music etc. Their specialty must be sustained and we must drive them to do that. The clothing business and DISTRO are not only textile and fashion industry but also the creative industry. They are not only selling clothing but also selling lifestyle. In addition to dress we will find cassette or independent magazine to be one package. This is why the business can develop rapidly and the industry is very attractive. 2. Target Market Attractiveness As we see, the market for distro in Indonesia has been developing steadily over 10 years and a mushroom growth of variety of distro is being observed in all the cities. Especially in Medan, North Sumatera around 100 distro has established. But the market is still huge, because the population of young people, especially teenagers is big in Medan. Commonly they see the product of distro is not same with the mall’s product. T-shirts, jackets, shoes, in malls or plazas too common and not follow a demand market of young people. Beside that its prices are also high. That’s why distro in Medan flourish because young people, such as student really love the products made by Bandung. Around 80% products are from Bandung, because the product is good in quality and design and teenagers searching them mostly. Almost the location of distros usually near in Campus. Market segment distributions are student. Therefore design of distro product commonly is for teenagers. Until now the most strategic location for this business are in Mansyur Street, Jamin Ginting St., Setiabudi St., which near to USU (University of North Sumatera). In addition, Halat Road area also close to campus ITM (Medan Technical University). 3. Organizational Feasibility Salary/Month Annual Department/Positions Number USD salary USD General Manager 1 700 8,400 Accounting Manager 1 500 6,000 Sales Manager 1 500 6,000 250 3,000 Accounting & 1 Administration Staff Designer 2 350 8,400 Sales Staff 4 150 7,200 Driver 1 150 1,800 Security 2 150 3,600 Cleaner 1 120 1,440 Total 14 2870 45,840 4. Financial feasibility Projected Sales: Our projected sales are computed annually. TOTAL SALES (US$) PRODUCTS PRICE UNIT SALES Bags 12.00 6,000.00 72,000.00 Shirts 8.00 12,500.00 100,000.00 Pants 20.00 10,000.00 200,000.00 Wallets 7.00 7,500.00 52,500.00 Caps 5.00 8,000.00 40,000.00 Jackets 11.00 7,500.00 82,500.00 Shoes 25.00 7,000.00 175,000.00 Belts 10.00 4,000.00 40,000.00 Accessories TOTAL 12.00 25,000.00 300,000.00 1,062,000.00 Capital investment for purchase of equipment is the major component of total start-up cash needed of the Distro of clothing. Following table shows the detail of the Total start-up cash needed: Capital Investment Building (rent) Air conditioners Computer Printer Sound system Water dispenser Truck (rent) Pre-operating cost Total Capital Costs Units 6 2 1 1 1 2 Cost per unit 600 500 250 600 310 1500 Information Gathered: Salaries Expenses = US$ 45,840 Rent Expenses (Building) = US$ 8,000 = (5,000 + 3,000) Light and Water Expenses = US$ 3,910 = (3,600 + 310) Purchases = US$ 200,000 Office Supplies = US$ 1,850 = (1,000 + 250 + 600) USD 5,000 3,600 1,000 250 600 310 3,000 45,840 59,600 INCOME STATEMENT: Net Sales US$ 1,062,000.00 -) Cost of Sales -) US$ 806,550.00 US$ 255,450.00 -) US$ 61,026.00 US$ 194,424.00 -) US$ 19,442.00 US$ 174,982.00 Gross Profit -) Operating Expenses = (45,840 + 8,000 + 3,910 +1,850+1,426 ) = Operating Income -) Income Tax (10%) NET INCOME CASH FLOW STATEMENT: Net Income 174,982 Depreciation +) Inventory Increases -) Current Liabilities Increases 103,950 +) Net Cash Flow +) Initial Capital Ending Cash 19,442 91,900 Beginning Inventory Building Cost 1,426 54,600 59,600 -) 5,000 146,500 BALANCE SHEET: Assets: Current Assets: 250,450 Cash 146,500 Inventory 103,950 NonCurrent Assets: 12,334 Net Building (5,000 x 95%) 4,750 Net Machinery (3,000 x 80%) 2,400 Net Tools and Equipments (5,760 x 90%) 5,184 TOTAL ASSETS: 262,784 Liabilities: Current Liabilities: Income Tax Payable 19,442 19,442 TOTAL LIABILITIES: 19,442 Capital: Initial Investment: 59,600 Net Income 174,982 Other Income 8,760 TOTAL CAPITAL: 243,342 TOTAL ASSETS = TOTAL LIABILITIES + TOTAL CAPITAL 262,784 = 19,442 + 243,342 262,784 = 262,784 FINANCIAL RATIOS: Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities = 250,450 / 19442 = 12.88 Quick Ratio = (Current Assets – Inventory)/Current Liabilities = (250,450– 103,950)/19442 = 7.54 Net Working Capital = Current Assets – Current Liabilities = 250,450 – 19,442 = 231,008 Gross Profit Margin = Gross Profit / Sales = 255,450 / 1,062,000 = 0.24 Operating Profit Margin = Operating Income / Sales = 194,424 / 1,062,000 = 0.18 Net Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales = 174,982 / 1,062,000 = 0.16 Total Asset Turnover = Net Sales / Total Assets = 1,062,000 / 262,784 = 4.04 Debt Ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Assets = 19,442 / 262,784 = 0.07 Return on Assets = Net Income / Total Assets = 174,982 / 262,784 = 0.67 Return on Investment = Net Income / Capital Investment = 174,982 / 243,342 = 0.72