MORA: a Movement-Based Routing
Algorithm for Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks
指導教授：許子衡 教授
學
生：董藝興 學生
INTRODUCTION
• Multihop data communication in VANETs is
usually provided via location-based ad hoc
routing protocols [2], a class of multihop
routing for ad hoc networks.
• In proactive routing algorithms, each node
in the mobile ad hoc network maintains a
routing table that contains the paths to all
possible destinations.
INTRODUCTION
• If the nodes in the network are reasonably
mobile, the overhead of control messages
to update the routing tables becomes
prohibitive.
• Reactive routing algorithms, on the other
hand, find routes only on demand.
INTRODUCTION
• Routes are designed when they are needed,
in order to minimize the communication
overhead.
PROPOSED ALGORITHM
• In our approach, considering the specific
automotive scenario, this decision is taken
considering also which direction neighbors are
moving in.
• Our goal is to exploit information about
moving directions of the forwarding nodes in
order to route the data over a path resulting
from locally optimal routing decision.
PROPOSED ALGORITHM
• In the definition of the routing algorithm,
we assume that each vehicle is moving
along a “regular” route, i.e. its movement
pattern remains constant during packet
transmission.
PROPOSED ALGORITHM
PROPOSED ALGORITHM
PROPOSED ALGORITHM
The MORA routing protocol
• In position-based routing algorithms,
usually short probe messages are sent into
the network in order to determine the
position of the destination node, which is
used for route establishment.
• Each node is able to obtain metric m for
itself as well for its immediate neighbors.
The MORA routing protocol
The MORA routing protocol
• -Standalone. This implementation, referred
to as “MORA”, separates the framework of
the proposed routing protocol into a
standalone routing layer.
• As a result, location and movement
information is carried by only routing
protocol messages (such as Route Request
and Route Reply).
The MORA routing protocol
• -Link layer integrated. In order to overcome
the update limitations of the standalone
approach, integration of MORA protocol
with the MAC protocol at the link layer is
considered as a modification referred to as
“MORA+”.
The MORA routing protocol
• In addition to the features of the
standalone implementation, MORA+
includes the location and movement
information into the ordinary MAC protocol
headers, which carry signaling or data
payload.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
• Performance evaluation of the proposed
routing protocol was performed by
simulations using GloMoSim 2.0 [18]
network simulator.
• The nodes are uniformly placed onto a
two-dimensional terrain of 1000 x 1000
square meters.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
• Simulations use transmission range values
equal to 200, 300, 400, and 500 meters.
• For evaluation of routing overhead, the
FTP client was configured to produce bulks
of 10 packets in large (0.5 second)
intervals of time.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
• In other scenarios, FTP application
performs uninterrupted data transfer for up
to the end of simulation which lasts for
1000 seconds.
• The nodes move with an average speed of
15 and 25 meters-per-second or 54 and 90
km/h.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION