指導老師:黃大夫
報告主題:The Press -- p.18
組員: 周瑩霖 696c0006 (找資料; 報告
Press; tabloid; broadsheet;
popular press; quality press; gutter press )
劉怡妏 696c0005 (找資料; power point 製作 Press ; tabloid;
broadsheet; popular press; quality press; gutter press )
江莉伊 696c0018
(找資料;報告 PLEA;PLEDGE;PROBE)
鄭依倩 696c0029
(找資料;報告 QUIZ;ROW;VIGIL)

Press
In publishing:

The press, otherwise known as the
journalism business, the newspaper business,
the news media, the Fourth Estate or the mass
media

A press, publishing house or printer
(publisher)

Printing press, a machine that presses ink
from a printing plate onto paper
In food preparation:

French press, a device for coffee
preparation

Fruit press, a press used to extract juice
from grapes and apples

tabloid
A tabloid is a newspaper industry term which
refers to a smaller newspaper format per
spread; to a weekly or semi-weekly alternative
newspaper that focuses on local-interest
stories and entertainment, often distributed
free of charge (often in a smaller, tabloid-sized
newspaper format); or to a newspaper that
tends to emphasize sensational crime stories,
gossip columns repeating scandalous innuendos
about the personal lives of celebrities and sports
stars, and other so-called "junk food news" (often
in a smaller, tabloid-sized newspaper format). As
the term "tabloid" has become synonymous with
down-market newspapers in some areas, some
papers refer to themselves as "Compact"
newspapers instead.

Tabloid
UK:
The Daily Mirror(每日鏡報)
http://www.mirror.co.uk/
The Sun(太陽報)
http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/
The Daily Star(每日星報)
http://www.dailystar.co.uk/home/
US:
New York Post(紐約郵報)
http://www.nypost.com/
 Broadsheet
Broadsheet is the largest of the various
newspaper formats and is characterized by
long vertical pages (typically 22 inches or
more). The term derives from types of
popular prints usually just of a single sheet,
sold on the streets and containing various
types of matter, from ballads to political
satire.
Broadsheet
UK:
The Times(泰晤士報)
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/
The Daily Telegraph (每日電訊報)
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/

USA:
The Los Angeles Times《洛杉磯時報》
http://www.latimes.com/
The New York Times《紐約時報》
http://www.nytimes.com/
Washington Post《華盛頓郵報》
http://www.washingtonpost.com/
The Wall Street Journal《華爾街日報》
http://online.wsj.com/public/us

Quality press
Quality press is a category of newspapers
in national circulation in the UK distinguished
by their seriousness. The category used to be
called 'broadsheet' until several papers adopted
a tabloid format. The have been renamed the
Red Tops.
 Red tops
In the United Kingdom, the so-called Red Tops
are a group of newspapers who have a red front
page banner, and who share an emphasis on
entertainment news, sports and political scandals.
The Red Tops are all printed in the tabloid format,
and include such newspapers as The Sun, the
Daily Mirror and the Daily Star, along with various
local and regional newspapers.
http://www.economist.com/

Popular press
Popular may refer to :
(1) An adjective referring to any people or
population.
(2) Social status the quality of being well-liked.
(3) The mainstream the quality of being common
well-received in demand.
Ex: Popular culture. Popular music. Popular
fiction
Gutter press:
Gutter
Noun:
Ex: (1) The motorbike lay on its side in the
gutter.
(2) Tina was a pale little gutter girl.

Verb:
Ex:(1) You should gutter your dog.
In media:
 Gutter (comic), a British adult-oriented
comic from the 1990s
In sport:
 Gutters, in bowling and table shuffleboard,
the trough hazards on either side of the
playing lane into which the bowling ball or
shuffleboard puck may fall
http://www.gametablesusa.com/Product%20Pics/champion
-shuffleboard-grand-champion.jpg

PLEA [n]
(g)-- emotional request
 synonym: request, appeal, petition, asking,
excuse, defense
(1) an urgent and emotional request:
EX: The prisoner made a plea for mercy.
囚犯懇求寬恕。
(2) 藉口,託辭
EX: She left the party on the plea of a headache.
她藉口頭疼離開了晚會。
(3)the answer that a person gives in court to the accusation
that they have committed a crime:
EX: He entered a plea of "not guilty" to the charges filed
against him.
針對對他的指控他提出"無罪"的抗辯

Plea bargain [n]
 when an agreement is made that someone
accused of a crime will not be charged with
a more serious crime if they admit that they
are guilty of a less serious one.
認罪辯訴協議; 被告承認輕罪以便減輕刑罰的答辯

PLEDGE
(i)– promise
 synonym: guarantee, security, vow, oath,
assurance, word, guarantee, agreement
 Etymology: From Old French plege
(French: pleige).
Verb:
1.To make a solemn promise (to do
something).
2.To deposit something as a security; to
pawn.
 Ex:
(1) We are asking people to pledge their
support for our campaign.
(2) If you join the armed forces, you have to
pledge allegiance to your country.

Noun:
1.A solemn promise to do something.
2.A person who has taken a pledge of
allegiance to a college fraternity.
3.A security to guarantee payment of a debt.
4.A drinking toast.
5.(the pledge): A promise to abstain from
drinking alcohol.

Ex:
(1)All the candidates have given/made
pledges not to raise taxes if they are elected.
(2)Thousands of people made pledges
(= promised to give money) to the Children
in Need charity campaign.
(3)I give you this ring as a pledge of my
everlasting love for you.
PROBE
(d)—inquiry
 synonym: examine,investigate,search,explore
 Etymology: For verb: Latin probare
For noun: Late Latin proba

Verb:
1. to try to discover information that other people
do not want you to know, by asking questions in an
indirect careful way:

Ex:
(1)
The interviewer probed deep into her private life.
(2) Detectives questioned him for hours, probing
for any inconsistencies in his story.
(3)The article probes (= tries to describe and
explain) the mysteries of nationalism in modern
Europe.

to examine something with a tool, especially in
order to find something that is hidden.

Ex: They probed in/into the mud with a special
drill.
Noun:
1.an attempt to discover information by
asking a lot of questions

Ex:
(1) An FBI probe into corruption
(2) A Justice Department probe into the
Democrats' fund raising
2.specialized a long thin metal tool used by
doctors to examine inside someone
3 specialized a device that is put inside something
to test or record information
Adjective:
1. intended to get information:
Ex: She asked me a few probing questions.
 Quiz
(e)--questioning by police or at an enquiry


[v] quizzed, quizzing, quizzes
[n] quiz, quizzes
1. To question closely or repeatedly; interrogate.
2. To test the knowledge of by posing questions. See
Synonyms at ask.
3. Chiefly British: To poke fun at; mock
4. To examine someone's knowledge of something
ex. The teacher tests us every week
We got quizzed on French irregular verbs
5. A questioning or an inquiry.
6. A short oral or written test.
7. A practical joke.
8. Any set of quick questions designed to test
knowledge
9. An investigation by close questioning
10. pop quiz - a quiz given without prior warning
 Synonyms:
Nouns: examination, questioning, interrogation,
interview, investigation, grilling (informal)
Verbs: question, ask, interrogate, examine, investigate,
Pump (informal), grill (informal), catechize

Row
(b)--argument


[v] rowed, rowing, rows
[n] rower
1. A series of objects placed next to each other,
usually in a straight line.
2. A line of adjacent seats, as in a theater,
auditorium, or classroom.
3. A succession without a break or gap in time:
won the title for three years in a row.
4. A continuous line of buildings along a street.
5. To propel (a boat) by using oars
6. To carry (people or goods) in a rowing boat
7. To take part in the racing of rowing boats as a
sport
8. a. The act or an instance of rowing.
b. A shift at the oars of a boat.
9. A trip or an excursion in a rowboat.
10. A boisterous disturbance or quarrel; a brawl.
11. An uproar; a great noise.
Phrase:
 on death row-- in prison and waiting to be killed as
a punishment for a crime
 kick up a row—to show great annoyance about
something, especially when this does not seem
necessary.
 on skid row-- poor, without a job or a place to live,
and often drinking too much alcohol
 Idiom:
a tough/hard row to hoe=something that is very

difficult to deal with or do
 Synonyms: line, series, succession, paddle, quarrel,
noise, brawl, dispute, rumpus

Vigil
(h)--a period of waiting, perhaps by an ill person’s bedside
or in protest at something
1. a. A watch kept during normal sleeping hours.
b. The act or a period of observing; surveillance.
2. The eve of a religious festival observed by staying
awake as a devotional exercise.
3. the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes
(especially on the eve of a religious festival). Often
used in the plural.
4. keeping a secret or furtive watch—spying

Synonyms: Eve, lookout, surveillance, vigilance,
watch