Endocrine System
• Made up of its glands
and hormones
• The glands are called
ductless
• The release
hormones directly into
the blood stream
• The blood stream
transports hormones
throughout the body.
• Each hormone acts
on a certain type of
tissue called its target
tissue.
Pituitary
• Location: Base of
Brain
• Hormone: Growth
hormone
• Function: stimulates
the elongation of
bones in the body.
Hypothalamus
• Controls the pituitary
gland
• Receives information
from the nervous
system
Thymus
• Helps develop the
immune system
Parathyroid
• Location: embedded
in back of thyroid
gland.
• Hormone:
Parathormone
• Function: Controls the
metabolism of
calcium
Adrenal Gland
• Location: on top of
kidney
• Hormone: Adrenaline
• Function: Raises
blood sugar level and
increases heart beat
and breathing rates.
Islets of lagerphones
• Location: Pancreas
• Hormones: Insulin
• Function: Stimulates
glucose uptake by
cells.
• Hormone: Glucagon
• Function: Promote
conversion (change of
glycogen to glucose)
Ovary’s
• Hormone: estrogen
• Function: Help
develop secondary
characteristics in
females.
The Testes
• The testes secrete
male sex hormones
called androgens.
• Testosterone is an
androgen that affects
the secondary
characteristics in
men.
Thyroid Gland
• Located in the neck in
front of the trachea
• Thyroid gland
releases the hormone
thyroxine.
• Function: regulates
the rate of
metabolism.
Goiter
• Not enough iodine in
the diet (iodine
defiance)
• Causes swelling of
the thyroid gland
Goiter
Diabetes
• Undersecretion of
insulin.
• High blood sugar
•
Gigantism
Gigantism
• 12 year old boy
• Measure 6-5
• Oversecreation of
growth hormone
• Occurs during
childhood
• Tallest man 8 feet 11
inches.
• At 7'4" and 500 pounds, Andre
the Giant could have been
famous for his size alone. His
drive, talent and ambition,
however, proved to be as big
as Andre himself, and the
wrestler became legendary for
his achievements in and out of
the ring.
Acromegaly
• Occurs in adults
• Bones of hands face
and feet are enlarged
• Do to the release of
growth hormone.
Dwarfism
• Under secretion of
growth hormone
during childhood.