An assessment of the adoption and
impact of improved rice varieties in
smallholder rice production system
in Côte d’Ivoire
Sekou DOUMBIA
System Agronomist and
Impact Assessment Specialist
OUTLINE
Introduction
 Country brief
 Importance of rice in Côte d’Ivoire
 CNRA : the national agricultural research system
I - Methodology
1.1. Sampling
1.2. Measuring rice field area with GPS
OUTLINE
II - Results
2.1. Introduction process of improved varieties
2.2. Improved varieties adoption
2.3. Rice field area
2.4. Paddy rice yield
2.5. Socioeconomic impact of new varieties
Conclusion
Introduction
Country brief
• Area : 322 462 km²
Capital city : Yamoussoukro
• Population : 20,8 millions inhabitants
• per capita GDP : F CFA 503 700 (US $ 1800)
• GDP growth rate in 2008: +2,3 %
• Inflation rate in 2008: +6,3 %
(Source UEMOA: April 2009)
Introduction
Importance of rice in Côte d’Ivoire
• Domestic production in
2007 : 700 000 tons of
milled rice
• Domestic consumption
in 2007 : 1.5 million of
milled rice
 Almost half of domestic
needs are imported
Introduction
The national agricultural research system
CNRA is the sole national agricultural research
institution.
It was
established by decree as semiautonomous private company with minority
public shareholding in 1998.
CNRA is responsible for the bulk of technological
research related to agricultural sector: food crops
(rice, maize, …) perennial crops (cocoa, coffee, …)
livestock and fishery
Methodology
Sampling
 Random sampling
 Sample size: 250 households (seed and rice surplus
type marketing)
Sub sample size:
Field area measuring: 62 farms (including 313
individual rice plots)
Yield measuring: 62 farms with three replications by
farm
Socioeconomic survey: 170 households
Methodology
Measuring rice field area with GPSMAP 76S
Results
Introduction of improved varieties
Results
Geographical spread of improved varieties
Results
NERICA rice Diffusion curve
Courbe de diffusion des variétés de riz Nerica dans la région de Daloa
.00
500
.00
450
.00
400
y = 487.4 (1 + 21.2 ℮-0.715x)-1
Nombre d'adopteurs
.00
350
.00
300
.00
250
.00
200
.00
150
.00
100
00
50.
0
0.0 1.0
2000
2.0
2001
3.0
2002
4.0
2003
5.0
2004
Année d'adoption
6.0
2005
7.0
2006
20078.0
Results
Improved varieties adoption
Adoption rate in 2007
Varieties
Number of
plots
Total area
Mean
Local varieties
199
(ha)
19.32
Improved varieties
114
15.80
0.138
Total
313
35.12
0.112
Rate
(%)
0.097
45
Results
Rice field area
Distribution of rice area groups
Frequency
Percentage
(ha)
[0 - 0.25]
Cumulated
percentage
277
88.50
88.50
]0.25 - 0.50]
30
9.58
98.08
More than 0.50 ha
6
1.92
100.00
313
100.00
Rice area groups
Total
Results
Rice field area
Ten most cultivated varieties in the survey area
(2007)
Range
Variety
Frequency
Total area (ha)
Median
Mean
1
Nerica1
43
10.764
0.239
0.250
2
Lokple
21
3.101
0.123
0.147
3
Azico
22
2.795
0.078
0.127
4
Nerica2
15
2.003
0.118
0.133
5
Dogore
23
1.877
0.058
0.081
6
NONNONNON
13
1.503
0.094
0.115
7
Digbeugbassou
10
1.171
0.072
0.117
8
Goklia
11
1.153
0.077
0.104
9
IDSA85
17
1.049
0.031
0.061
10
Kimisere
16
0.997
0.055
0.062
Results
Paddy rice yield
Paddy rice yield at 14 % moisture content (2007)
Variety
Local
variety
Improved
variety
Total
Number of Mean yield
farms
(ton/ha)
30
1.950
Median
STD
1.674
0.694
31
1.623
1.581
0.451
61
1.784
1.581
0.602
Results
Socioeconomic impact of improved varieties
Seed and rice surplus type marketed in 2008
Rice type marketed
Paddy rice
Percentage of
Adopters
11.66
Percentage of
Non-adopters
14.78
Milled rice
4.166
5.21
Seeds
75.83
0
Results
Socioeconomic impact of improved varieties
Rice growers income groups
Income
groups
Freq
(US $)
0 to 22
23 to 111
112 to 222
223 to 444
More than 444
Total
26
54
30
9
1
120
Adopters
Percent.
P.
cumulated
(%)
21.67
45
25
7.50
0.83
100
21.67
66.67
91.67
99.17
100.00
Freq.
104
11
0
0
0
115
Non-adopters
Percent.
P.
cumulated
(%)
90.43
9.57
0
0
0
100
90.43
100
100
100
100
Rice field landscape
Women working group
Manual weeding by women
Manual harvesting by women
Threshing
Drying paddy rice
Some local rice varieties
Conclusion
• Advantages of GPS use
►Easy to use
►Good precision
• Socioeconomic difficulties
►Land pressure characterized by small rice field
size
►Women can not inherit land
• Technical performance of rice cropping system
►Low input system
►Low yield that leads to low paddy production
Conclusion
• Seed production activities
►Market opportunities for women
►Seed market increases women income
►Narrow seed market
• Some recommendations
►Help women access to production inputs
(equipments, fertilizers, herbicides, …)
►Emphasize participatory diffusion systems of
improved varieties in rural area
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND
ATTENTION