Population
What are six basic demographic
(population) terms?
 Demography
The
study of human population
 Fertility
Amount
of childbearing in a
population
Several measurements of this
Demographic terms (cont.)
 Crude
birth rate
Live births per 1,000 people each
year
High income nations e.g. U.S. =
lower than average crude birth rate
The lower the average income, the
higher the population increase
Demographic terms (Cont.)
 Fecundity
rate
Maximum possible childbearing
 Sex Ratio
Males for every 100 females
 Zero Population growth (ZPG)
Two
people produce two people
Maintains population at a steady state
Do you remember?
What are the six basic demographic
terms?
 What do they measure?

What is the
world population?
 Currently
7
Billion
 Most
of human history the
population of the entire earth was
500 Million (1/2 billion)
Something to think about:
Why do developing nations contribute so much more
to the world population?
Why did people have so
many children?
 Through
most of human history:
Children
were needed for the farm
Birth control was not reliable
High death rates = many children did not
reach adulthood
What is the
Malthusian theory?
 Food
increasing arithmetically
 Pop. Increasing geometrically
 Result : People reproducing
beyond what the planet can
support
Out-stripping
resources
Poisoning the planet
What is the Demographic
Transition Theory?
Population patterns
reflect a society’s
level of
technological
development
 From high births &
deaths to low births
& deaths.

Do you remember?
What is the current world population?
 Why did people have so many children?
 What is the Malthusian theory?
 What is the Demographic Transition
theory?
