Study Tips for Exam IV
Practice writing about the following questions. One or more of them are likely to be on the
Exam:
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How and where bile is produced and stored
The difference between peristalsis and segmentation and what the function of these
processes are.
The steps of swallowing (deglutition), including changes in anatomy and the purpose of
these changes.
Six essential activities of the digestive system
Why the hole in a doughnut is sometimes used as a metaphor for the digestive system.
The layout of the peritoneum with respect to the digestive system and the abdominal
cavity; what it's made of, what type of tissue it is, why it might be two-layered.
Why the chewing of bread for more than 5 minutes produces a sweet taste in the mouth.
The various ways in which gastrin production is stimulated.
List three or four physiological activities that are common in the absorptive versus the
post-absorptive states.
Be sure to study:
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The stimulus, release, and action of the digestive hormones including secretin, gastrin,
and cholecystokinin.
The major macromolecules in food, which enzymes degrade them, what the resultant
monomers are, and how they are absorbed.
The names of the parts of the digestive tract, including subdivisions of the intestine, and
kinks, bends, and sections of the large intestine.
The difference between gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycogenesis; know when
each would occur.
Physiological changes that occur in absorptive and post-absorptive states.
How proteins and fats are broken down to prepare them for insertion as intermediates in
cellular respiration and the caloric content of each relative to carbohydrates.
The parts of cell respiration, including "what goes in and what comes out" for each part
and how ATP production differs in these parts.
Functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas and how their products become part of
the digestion process.
Anatomy of the intestinal wall
Check out the digestion-related quiz questions in the "Old Quizzes from a related class" folder
on our Bio 242 website.