Immunology Homework
DUE 1/5/12
NAME ___________________________
1- 13 Use words from the list below to fill in the blanks. Some words may be used more than once.
Adaptive immunity
Allergen
Anaphylaxis
Antibodies
Antigens
Autoimmune
B- lymphocyte
Cellular immunity
Humoral immunity
Hypersensitivity
Immunization/Vaccination
Immunodeficiency
Immunogen
Immunoglobins
Immunosuppressive
Innate immunity
T- lymphocyte
1. _______________________________ develops as a result of antibody formation to an allergen
or Immunogen.
2. Cellular immunity is mediated by ___________________________________ cells.
3. A(n) ________________________________ and a(n) ___________________________________
are substances that can initiate a hypersensitivity disorder.
4. A ___________________________________ reaction is most likely to occur after a second
exposure to an antigen, where as _________________________________ is a severe reaction
that occurs within seconds to minutes with a potentially fatal outcome.
5. The patient with a(n)______________________________________ disorder is at increased risk
for infection and cancer.
6. Humoral and cellular immunity are examples of _______________________________________.
7. The inflammatory response is a major function of a(n) __________________________________
response to tissue injury or invading organism.
8. Plasmaphoresis is a treatment used for some types of __________________________________
disorders.
9. ____________________________________ cells produce antibodies in humoral immunity.
10. Passive and active immunity are types of ____________________________________________.
11. ___________________________________ are plasma protein antibodies released by Blymphocytes in response to a(n) ___________________________________________________.
12. Natural immunity is also known as _________________________________________________.
13. Acquired immunity develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen through either
____________________________________ or contracting a disease.
14. Describe how cell-mediated immunity is activated?
15. Describe how humoral immunity is activated?
16. How do passive and active immunity differ?
17. List the body system and the signs and symptoms that would indicate that your patient may be
having an anaphylactic response. In the last row, outline the treatment of a systemic
anaphylactic reaction.
System
Signs & Symptoms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Treatment
18. The suppressed humoral immune response in older adults is associated with
a. Degeneration of the spleen
b. Reduction of the production of white blood cells
c. Reduction in effectiveness of white blood cells
d. Decreased immunoglobulin levels
19. Identify how the following fluid will move when administered to a patient intravenously.
a. Hypertonic solution:
b. Hypotonic solution:
20. What are common signs and symptoms associated with hypocalcemia, and what the nursing
interventions would be for the imbalance?
a.
b.
c.
21. For the following laboratory results, identify the electrolyte imbalance.
a. Serum sodium level 127 mEq/L:
b.
Serum potassium 5.6 mEq/L:
c. Serum calcium 3.8 mEq/L:
d. Serum magnesium 2.7 mEq/L:
22. For each of the lab values and electrolyte levels identified above, list associated signs and
symptoms.
a.
b.
c.
d.
23. Identify two considerations for the older adult patient regarding fluid and electrolyte balance.
a.
b.
24. While caring for a known HIV positive patient in the emergency room, you notice the
phlebotomist preparing to draw the blood. How do you respond?
a. Do nothing, as all patients should be treated with standard precautions
b. Ask the technician if you can see him before he completes the procedure.
c. Flag the chart to let all health care providers know the patient’s status
d. Discretely hand a second pair of gloves to the technician as a signal.
25. The major extracellular electrolyte is ________________________________
26. The major intracellular electrolyte is _________________________________
27. Complete the table below and use as a study reference.
Blood Component
a.
Common Name
b.
Normal Value
c.
ERYTHROCYTES
A.
B.
C.
LEUKOCYTES
A.
B.
C.
NEUTROPHILS
A.
B.
C.
EOSINOPHILS
A.
B.
C.
BASOPHILS
A.
B.
C.
MONOCYTES
A.
B.
C.
THROMBOCYTES
A.
B.
C.
Function
Questions 29- 33 Use the Core Concepts of Pharmacology Book and NSAID supplemental reading
provided as your reference.
28. Identify 5 of the primary chemical mediators of Inflammation.
29. Identify 3 side effects associated with prolonged use of systemic glucocorticoids such as
prednisone.
a.
b.
c.
30. Describe the mechanism of action of antihistamines.
31. Describe the major differences between histamine 1 (H1) an histamine 2 (H2) receptor sites in
the body.
32. Differentiate between 1st & 2nd generation H1 antihistamines by completing the table below.
Prototype Drug
Indication for use
Side Effect Profile
(include generic name)
1st Generation
H1 antihistamine
2nd Generation
H1 antihistamine
33. Identify 4 priority potential side effects of NSAID therapy and the patient instructions that
correlate with the potential side effect. An example is provided.
Potential NSAID Side Effect
Patient Instructions
e.g. Hepatic Toxicity
Instruct pt to report bleeding of gums, blood in stool or urine,
abd pain, anorexia (loss of appetite), nausea, vomiting, jaundice
or pale stools
1.
2.
3.
4.