(add state here)
(add university logo here)

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Silent Spring – 1962
DDT Threatens Bird Species
Swimming Areas and Beaches Closed
Love Canal – Hazardous Waste Dumps
Passage of Clean Water Act and Creation of the EPA - 1972

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Point Sources – originate from a stationary location or fixed facility from which pollutants are discharged directly into a waterbody.
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Examples include:
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Wastewater effluent, both municipal and industrial
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Runoff from confined animal feeding operations
Runoff from active mine sites and oil fields

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Nonpoint Sources – pollution sources, which do not have a single point of origin or are not introduced into a receiving stream from a specific outlet.
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Examples include:
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Runoff from row-crop agriculture
Runoff from pasture and range
Runoff from forested areas
Runoff from lawns and gardens
Runoff from roads, highways and parking lots
Natural sources, such as leaves, organic nutrients and wildlife feces

Legend
Covertype_name
AGRICULTURE-CROPLAND-GRASSLAND
BRACKISH MARSH
LOUISIANA LAND USE
FRESH MARSH
INTERMEDIATE MARSH
NON-VEGETATED URBAN
(add your state map
UPLAND BARREN here)
Legend
UPLAND FOREST-DECIDUOUS
UPLAND FOREST-EVERGREEN
UPLAND FOREST-MIXED
Covertype_name
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-DECIDUOUS
AGRICULTURE-CROPLAND-GRASSLAND
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-EVERGREEN
BRACKISH MARSH
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-MIXED
DENSE PINE THICKET
VEGETATED URBAN
FRESH MARSH
WATER
INTERMEDIATE MARSH
WETLAND BARREN
NON-VEGETATED URBAN
WETLAND FOREST-DECIDUOUS
SALINE MARSH
WETLAND FOREST-EVERGREEN
UPLAND BARREN
WETLAND FOREST-MIXED
UPLAND FOREST-DECIDUOUS
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-DECIDUOUS
UPLAND FOREST-EVERGREEN
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-EVERGREEN
UPLAND FOREST-MIXED
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-MIXED
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-DECIDUOUS
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-EVERGREEN
UPLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-MIXED
VEGETATED URBAN
WATER
WETLAND BARREN
WETLAND FOREST-DECIDUOUS
WETLAND FOREST-EVERGREEN
WETLAND FOREST-MIXED
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-DECIDUOUS
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-EVERGREEN
WETLAND SCRUB/SHRUB-MIXED

It focused on point source or “end-of-thepipe” sources via NPDES permits
Largely exempted nonpoint source (NPS) runoff from regulation
Nonpoint source contributors (which includes ag & forestry) were largely managed by voluntary implementation of BMPs

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28 years after CWA implementation
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21,000 impaired waterbodies
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300,000 miles of rivers and shoreline
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5 million lake acres
Almost 80% of Americans live within
10 miles of an impaired waterbody
Excess sediments , nutrients , and harmful microorganisms are leading reasons

 Requires states to develop lists of impaired waters (EPA approved)
 Requires states’ to identify pollution reductions needed to meet standards
 Requires reductions of both point and nonpoint source pollutants
 Requires development of TMDLs and implementation plans that will lead to clean water goals (EPA approved)

TMDL
T otal M aximum D aily L oad
A TMDL is the maximum amount of a pollutant (allocated among point, nonpoint , and natural sources) that can enter a water body and still comply with water quality standards. It is required for waters not meeting state / EPA approved water quality standards.
TMDLs must also be approved by EPA.

 Croplands
 Pasturelands
 Animal production operations
 Forestlands
 Other industry contributions
 Homeowners (landscapes, septic systems, stormwater runoff, etc.)
 Municipalities (sewerage treatment)

 Sediments
 Nutrients
 Pesticides
 Oil & Grease
 Animal Wastes

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Rivers and Streams
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35% of assessed rivers polluted
Siltation, pathogens, nutrients
Agriculture leading source of pollution
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Lakes and Reservoirs
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45% of assessed lakes polluted
Nutrients, metals, siltation
Agriculture leading source of pollution
***Slide from EPA Presentation!!***

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Farmers with 10 or more acres used for agriculture or forestry
REQUIRED to implement a water quality plan.
Must fully implement applicable requirements within 5 years

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The North Carolina Environmental
Management Commission has established the goal of reducing the average annual load of nitrogen delivered to the Neuse River Estuary from point and non-point sources by a minimum of 30%. The Neuse Rules were developed to achieve this goal.
THEY ARE NOW LAW!

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The rule provides two options for reaching the nitrogen reduction goal. Farmers MUST choose between:
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Option 1 Participate in a local nitrogen reduction strategy that would include specific plans for each farm that would collectively meet the nitrogen reduction goal
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Option 2 Implement BMP’s that include riparian buffers, filter strips, water control structures, and nutrient management plans

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Applies to all persons who apply fertilizer to 50 or more acres of land per year , or persons who manage 50 or more acres of land per year (Agricultural, Rural and Urban)
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Option 1- Complete Nutrient Management
Training Certification Course by Aug. 2003
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Option 2 – Develop and properly implement a written nutrient management plan for all properties where nutrients are applied by
Aug. 2003

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Arkansas officials have proposed regulating the use of commercial fertilizer in
Arkansas and Oklahoma as part of a comprehensive strategy for improving water quality by reducing nutrients.
Arkansas poultry and state officials are asking the same question: "If we ship litter out of the basin, how do we assure that folks don't just replace it with commercial fertilizer?"

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"In those sensitive watersheds, if a management plan for poultry litter is required, then the application of commercial fertilizer should be (included in nutrientmanagement plans)," said Earl Smith, the chief of the water-resources management division of the commission. " If what we are concerned with are nutrients, we need to look at all of the ways nutrients get into the streams ."

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Calcasieu Parish Ordinance –
Prohibits Draining of Fields into road ditches ( if there have been rules or laws passed, add here with offense for each)
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Misdemeanor offense – up to 30 days jail or $500 for each offense

(Add your state with endorsements and support logos here)
Louisiana Master Farmer Program
Collaborations/Partnerships

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(highlight your programs’ benefits and sponsors here)
Multi-agency effort sponsored by the
Louisiana Farm Bureau Federation
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Implemented by watershed, with the
AgCenter’s watershed agent coordinating the program
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Targets all agricultural producers
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Voluntary

(your state’s watershed map)

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The (your state) Master Farmer
Program is a multi-agency effort targeted at helping agricultural producers voluntarily address the environmental concerns related to production agriculture.

Environmental
Stewardship

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Conducted at the parish (or county) level
Specific topics addressed include:
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The Clean Water Act (CWA) of 1972
National & (your state) water quality standards
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Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)
Impacts of NPS Pollution on the Coastal Zone
Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Role of Conservation Districts in conservation planning and implementation
The NRCS Planning Process
Conservation Programs

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(if you do not have model farms, replace this info with whatever your next phase would be or skip this phase)
Representative farms for each watershed
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BMP demonstrations
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Water quality monitoring
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Education and outreach

(add your model farm map here or delete if no model farms are selected)

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Development and implementation of farm-specific conservation plans
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Plans will be developed by the
NRCS working with the local Soil and Water Conservation Districts

(time-line for implementing program in your state by watershed approach)
 Schedule
 Mermentau/Vermilion-
Teche (2001)
 Calcasieu/Ouachita
(2002)
 Barataria/Terrebonne
(2003)
 Red/Sabine (2004)
 Pontchartrain Basin
(2004)
 Mississippi/Atchafalaya/
Pearl (2005)

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As TMDL’s are being developed in (your state) watersheds, (your state’s) agricultural producers will face environmental challenges such as compliance with mandatory reductions of nonpoint pollutants, such as nutrients, pathogens (fecal coliform), organic material/dissolved oxygen, sediment, and metals.
Voluntary implementation of incentive-based, economically achievable and effective BMPs, through the Master Farmer Program, represents a workable means of reducing agriculture’s contribution to the water quality challenges.