Version B
Temple College
Government 2301
Spring 2003
Final Exam

PLEASE CLOSE ALL NOTEBOOKS, TEXTBOOKS, ETC. AND PLACE
EVERYTHING EXCEPT YOUR ANSWER SHEET AND A PENCIL UNDER
YOUR CHAIR.

SHARING ANSWERS WITH OTHER STUDENTS (in this class or in another class
– before, after, or during the exam) IS EXPRESSLY PROHIBITED. IF YOU HAVE
QUESTIONS, ASK THE INSTRUCTOR.

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST BOOKLET UNLESS OTHERWISE
INSTRUCTED!

PLEASE AVOID UNNECESSARILY FOLDING, BENDING, CURLING,
CRUMPLING, OR OTHERWISE DAMAGING YOUR ANSWER SHEET,
PARTICULARLY ALONG THE TOP AND BOTTOM EDGES. THE SCORING
MACHINE IS VERY SENSITIVE.

IMPORTANT: MAKE ALL ERASURES COMPLETELY - IT IS YOUR
RESPONSIBILITY TO CLEARLY INDICATE YOUR CHOSEN ANSWER.
RESPONSES THAT ARE NOT COMPLETELY ERASED WILL BE COUNTED
AS INCORRECT BY THE SCORING MACHINE.

BE SURE TO WRITE YOUR NAME ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET!!

THIS EXAM IS WORTH 100 POINTS.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. INSTRUCTIONS: Answer each of the following multiplechoice questions by marking the letter on your scan-tron form that corresponds to the
BEST response.
71 questions
Version A
Temple College
Government 2301
Spring 2003
Final Exam

PLEASE CLOSE ALL NOTEBOOKS, TEXTBOOKS, ETC. AND PLACE
EVERYTHING EXCEPT YOUR ANSWER SHEET AND A PENCIL UNDER
YOUR CHAIR.

SHARING ANSWERS WITH OTHER STUDENTS (in this class or in another class
– before, after, or during the exam) IS EXPRESSLY PROHIBITED. IF YOU HAVE
QUESTIONS, ASK THE INSTRUCTOR.

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST BOOKLET UNLESS OTHERWISE
INSTRUCTED!

PLEASE AVOID UNNECESSARILY FOLDING, BENDING, CURLING,
CRUMPLING, OR OTHERWISE DAMAGING YOUR ANSWER SHEET,
PARTICULARLY ALONG THE TOP AND BOTTOM EDGES. THE SCORING
MACHINE IS VERY SENSITIVE.

IMPORTANT: MAKE ALL ERASURES COMPLETELY - IT IS YOUR
RESPONSIBILITY TO CLEARLY INDICATE YOUR CHOSEN ANSWER.
RESPONSES THAT ARE NOT COMPLETELY ERASED WILL BE COUNTED
AS INCORRECT BY THE SCORING MACHINE.

BE SURE TO WRITE YOUR NAME ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET!!

THIS EXAM IS WORTH 100 POINTS.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. INSTRUCTIONS: Answer each of the following multiplechoice questions by marking the letter on your scan-tron form that corresponds to the
BEST response.
71 questions
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers
the question.
1. According to the Greenberg text, the term coined by Philip Converse to describe the views of
many Americans is
A) leaners. B) realigning. C) dysfunctional. D) nonattitudes.
2. According to the Greenberg text, most opinion polls in the U.S. interview approximately
__________ randomly sampled people to get a fairly accurate view of what most Americans
are doing and thinking.
A) 200 B) 1500 C) 10,000 D) 50,000
3. According to the Greenberg text, when survey researchers ask people whether, generally
speaking, they consider themselves Republicans, Democrats, independents, or what, most
Americans
A) say they are independents.
B) pick one of the two major parties.
C) say they are apolitical.
D) say they do not know enough about politics to belong to a political party.
4. According to the Greenberg text, most Americans express support for liberty in principle, but
they often support suppression of certain minorities they consider dangerous. Therefore,
many Americans are willing to sacrifice
A) morality for order and liberty.
B) good government for liberty.
C) certain people's liberty for democracy.
D) certain people's liberty for morality and order.
5. According to the Greenberg text, in the most recent surveys, Americans think we are spending
"too little" for all of the following programs/activities EXCEPT
A) foreign aid. B) Social Security. C) crime. D) education.
6. According to the Greenberg text, as a general rule, as people get older they
A) tend to become less involved in politics.
B) become less aware of the importance of politics.
C) become more involved in politics.
D) become less politically efficacious.
7. According to the Greenberg text, evangelical Christians played a vital role in __________
presidential campaign.
A) President Truman's
B) President Clinton's
C) Michael Dukakis's
D) President Reagan's
8. According to the Greenberg text, in America, a higher level of formal education is closely
related to
A) greater political socialization.
B) the lack of a sense of political efficacy.
C) a higher income level.
D) political ignorance.
9. According to the Greenberg text, changes in public opinion most often
A) are unrelated to public policymaking.
B) bring about changes in policy.
C) are ignored by the president.
D) are largely discounted by members of Congress.
10. According to the Greenberg text, pluralists believe that interest groups
a. are an important instrument for obtaining both democracy and the public interest.
b. occur only in societies where multiple competing interests exist, and will result in the
destruction of all but the largest interests.
c. lead to corruption and manipulation of government institutions, and therefore are
essentially undemocratic.
d. damage both democracy and popular sovereignty by alienating one segment of society
against another.
11. Which of the following is an example of a "public-interest" according to the Greenberg text?
A) civil rights
B) environmental protection
C) consumer protection
D) All of the above.
12. According to the Greenberg text, public interests are
A) associated with benefits for some fraction of the community.
B) the only interests that suffer from the so-called "free rider" problem.
C) connected in one way to the general welfare of the community.
D) socialist in orientation.
13. According to the Greenberg text, the great upsurge of public interest groups has taken place
since the
A) 1930s.
B) turn of the century.
C) late 1960s.
D) beginning of the 1990s.
14. According to the Greenberg text, the "inside game" of interest group activity concerns
A) bribing members of Congress.
B) lobbying; the politics of one-on-one persuasion.
C) educating the public about the goals of an interest group.
D) publishing the voting records of members of Congress.
15. According to the Greenberg text, interest groups focus attention on the executive branch
because
A) Congress generally does not respond to lobbying.
B) Congress does not allow personal lobbying of its members.
C) executive branch officials are usually former lobbyists.
D) executive branch officials can have a great deal of control over policy.
16. According to the Greenberg text, going to court is a secondary strategy for most groups
because they must have "standing," which means
A) it is expensive and most groups cannot afford the costs.
B) the groups must be a party to the case.
C) the court docket is too crowded to make it practical.
D) courts are generally not sympathetic to the needs of interest groups.
17. The Greenberg text contends that if there is an upper-class bias in the interest group system,
then the concept of __________ is violated.
A) popular sovereignty
C) political equality
B) elitism
D) political independence
18. According to the Greenberg text, "iron triangles" are
a. alliances among a private interest group, a bureaucratic agency, and a congressional
committee or subcommittee.
b. arrangements among the Defense Department, an American embassy, and a foreign
government.
c. agreements among three or more states to share the costs of a project that impacts on all
three states.
d. negotiations involving the federal government, the states, and local governments.
19. According to the Greenberg text, political parties are by nature
A) exclusive. B) elitist. C) inclusive. D) restrictive.
20. According to the Greenberg text, the first political party was formed in the 1790s by
A) George Washington.
B) Alexander Hamilton.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) James Madison.
21. The GOP is another name for the
A) Democratic party.
B) Socialist party.
C) Republican party.
D) Progressive party.
22. According to the Greenberg text, the New Deal coalition included not only Catholics, Jews,
blacks, workers, Southerners, and farmers, but also
A) big manufacturers like the auto industry.
B) urban dwellers, and unionists.
C) raw mineral industries like the coal industry.
D) commercial banks.
23. A single-member district/plurality election (“winner-take-all”) system tends to
A) discourage multiparty politics.
B) encourage multiparty politics.
C) encourage many voters to support minor parties as protest votes.
D) discourage voters from voting.
24. According to the Greenberg text, which of the following is an example of why minor-party
candidates might have trouble in running a candidate for the presidency?
a. Major-party candidates automatically qualify for federal funding once they are
nominated; minor-party candidates must attract a minimum percentage of the votes in the
general election to be eligible for funding.
b. Federal funding is given to the Democrats and Republicans to run their conventions;
minor parties receive none.
c. Television networks are no longer required to give equal time to parties other than the
Republicans and the Democrats.
d. All of the above.
25. According to the Greenberg text, compared with those in most other countries, American
political parties are
A) undisciplined.
B) led by party professionals.
C) well organized.
D) rigidly hierarchical.
26. According to the Greenberg text, which group is primarily responsible for providing money
and services to congressional candidates?
A) congressional caucuses
B) congressional leadership
C) the national party committees
D) congressional campaign committees
27. According to the Greenberg text, __________ are the people who do the most important
organizational work of the parties.
A) party irregulars
B) party officeholders
C) party activists
D) party voters
28. According to the Greenberg text, most Americans see the
a. Democrats as the more conservative party, in the sense of opposing government activism.
b. Democrats as the more liberal party, in the sense of favoring an active federal
government.
c. Republicans as the more liberal party, in the sense of opposing government activism.
d. Republicans as the more conservative party, favoring an active federal government.
29. According to the Greenberg text, the electoral competition model assumes that
A) parties should take the most popular positions that they can.
B) each of the two parties lacks cohesion and unity.
C) the winning party will compromise with the losing party on major decisions.
D) citizens will vote on the basis of candidate style rather than issues.
30. According to the Greenberg text, the theory of electoral reward and punishment predicts that
in elections,
A) political parties will take similar positions.
B) political parties will take clear, unambiguous positions.
C) voters will vote based on how well the incumbent party satisfied them.
D) voters will vote mostly according to party identification.
31. According to the Greenberg text, __________ is realized almost completely in the United
States.
A) Full suffrage
B) Political equality
C) Full voter turnout
D) Government responsiveness to ordinary voters
32. Popular election of U.S. senators did not come until 1913, with the
A) Seventeenth Amendment.
B) Eighteenth Amendment.
C) Nineteenth Amendment.
D) Twenty-sixth Amendment.
33. According to the Greenberg text, despite the low voter turnout in the United States,
Americans
a. still have a higher rate of voter turnout than most other Western nations.
b. are more aware of issues and of candidates' positions than voters in most other countries.
c. will soon bypass other Western democracies since voter turnout is rising rapidly in the
US.
d. are more likely than people in other countries to participate actively in campaigns.
34. According to the Greenberg text, which of the following groups is most likely to participate
in politics?
A) 18- to 20-year-olds
B) Hispanics
C) those with higher-than-average incomes
D) blacks
35. Most of the delegates to national Democratic and Republican party conventions are chosen
by
A) party caucuses.
B) state primaries.
C) the national committee.
D) the candidates themselves.
36. According to the Greenberg text, incumbent presidents seeking reelection have an advantage
over challengers mainly because they
A) do not rely on public funding for their campaigns.
B) do not have to run in primaries or caucuses.
C) can use the machinery of government for their purposes.
D) nearly always have positive media attention.
37. According to the Greenberg text, PACs in American politics are
A) organizations that give money to candidates for political office.
B) politically attractive candidates.
C) congressional committees that deliver pork-barrel benefits to large industries.
D) laws to provide public funding for candidates for president.
38. According to the Greenberg text, elections serve as a major conduit by which many people
and institutions at the __________-level influence policymakers.
A) political
B) governmental
C) structural
D) demographic
39. Which of the following general trends have been revealed by public opinion research over the
last three decades?
a. Americans generally express high levels of (diffuse) support for the system.
b. Americans generally trust their government less today than in the mid-1960s.
c. Americans demonstrate low levels of knowledge of their political system compared to
people in other countries.
d. all of these.
40. Which of the following periods of life appears to be MOST important to political
socialization?
A) adulthood
B) retirement age
C) early childhood
D) voting age
41. In class, we noted that a political system must have some mechanism to generate support.
Which of the following argues that political elites deliberately manipulate or propagate
values in support of the political regime?
A) systems theory
B) encultration theory
C) hegemonic theory
D) authoritarianism
42. At the systems-wide or macro level, political socialization [if it is successful]
A) generates the diffuse support necessary for the stability of the political system.
B) fosters authoritarian government.
C) undermines patriotism.
D) erodes the trust that Americans have in their government.
43. At the individual or micro level, political socialization is
a. a social event sponsored by a political party to acquaint voters with a particular
candidate or issue.
b. the distribution of opinions on an issue.
c. the process by which individuals become aware of which groups to associate with to
maximize political impact.
d. the process whereby individuals come to form their opinions and attitudes on particular
political issues such as their party affiliation.
44. Generally speaking, a person is FIRST exposed to which agent of socialization?
a. schools
b. family
c. peers
d. media
45. Childhood learning is important to socialization because
a. values learned early in life form the core of an individual's value system and tend to
structure later learning.
b. children have far better memories than adults do.
c. small children tend to think that politics are interesting.
d. most parents are ACTIVELY committed to raising their children to be responsible,
informed citizens.
46. Which of the following values taught by the family has an indirect effect on the formation of
political attitudes?
a. conformity
b. respect for authority figures
c. work ethic
d. all of these
47. A child’s party identification is usually consistent with the party identification of
a. friends b. teachers. c. parents. d. figures of authority.
48. A person's sense that what he or she thinks or does will have an impact on what government
does is
a. political power.
b. political efficacy.
c. political socialization.
d. political participation.
49. In order to win a plurality election, a candidate must
a. receive a majority of the popular vote.
b. win a run-off election.
c. receive more votes than any other candidate does.
d. appeal to the most extreme groups.
50. In the United States, what fraction of eligible voters actually casts ballots in presidential
elections?
a. ¼
b. ½
c. 2/3
d. ¾
51. An electoral system that allocates seats in a legislature based on proportion of votes the
parties receive in a national election is
a. equal representation.
b. bipartisan representation.
c. proportional representation.
d. disproportionate representation,.
52. The Constitution provides that a candidate must receive a majority of Electoral College votes
to be elected president. There are a total of 538 electoral votes. How many electoral votes
(minimum) must the winning candidate receive?
a. 254
b. 270
c. 538
d. at least one more than any other candidate
53. What happens if no presidential candidate receives a majority of the Electoral College vote?
a. There is a run-off election.
b. The president is elected by the House of Representatives.
c. The president is elected by the Senate.
d. The entire process must start over, beginning with the nomination of new candidates by
the two major parties.
54. In the Electoral College, each state is accorded a number of electoral votes
a. equal to the number of the state's senators and representatives in Congress.
b. equal to the number of delegates it sends to the national party conventions.
c. equal to the number of representatives in the state legislature.
d. equal to the number of registered voters in the state.
55. Suppose that in the presidential election in the year 2004, the Republican Party’s candidate
gets 20 million popular votes and 241 electoral votes. The Democratic party’s candidate
receives 18 million popular votes and 265 votes in the Electoral College. The Green Party’s
candidate manages to get 16 million popular votes and 32 votes in the Electoral College.
Who becomes president?
a. the Republican
b. the Democrat
c. the Green candidate
d. cannot be determined given the above facts.
56. The Electoral College operates according to the "unit rule." The "unit rule"
a. is prescribed by the Constitution.
b. increases the chances that no candidate will receive a majority of the electoral vote.
c. encourages third party candidates.
d. means that all of a state's electoral votes go to the candidate who won a plurality of the
popular vote.
57. More than influencing policy, political parties are concerned with
a. recruiting people to hold positions in the party organization.
b. winning public office in elections.
c. soliciting funds from large corporations.
d. selecting the site for the next presidential nominating convention.
58. One of the two main parties in American politics which traces its origins to the antislavery
and nationalist forces that united in the 1850s is now the
a. American-Republican Party. b. Federalist Party. c. Democratic Party
d. Republican Party
59. A statement of principles adopted by a political party at its national convention is the
a. statement of party procedures b. party’s writ of principles.
c. party’s platform. d. party’s planks.
60. According to the Brown text, the approximate percentage of eligible Texans who voted for
governor in 1998 was
a. ¼
b. ½
c. 2/3
d. ¾
61. According to the Brown text, which of the following is not likely to be a factor in low voter
turnout in Texas?
a. low levels of campaign spending by candidates
b. too many and too frequent elections
c. negative campaigning
d. feelings of isolation from government
62. According to the Brown text, primary elections in Texas are classified as
a. blanket primaries. b. open primaries. c. closed primaries.
d. general election primaries.
63. According to the Brown text, in Texas, political parties are required to conduct primaries if
a. they expect to run candidate for more than 3 statewide offices.
b. they will have a slate of presidential electors.
c. their candidate for governor received 20% or more of the votes cast in the most recent
gubernatorial election.
d. one of the presidential candidates is from Texas.
64. According to the Brown text, the approximate number of registered lobbyists for the 1999
regular session of the Texas Legislature was
a. 150.
b. 181.
c. 700.
d. 1,600.
65. According to the Brown text, the Texas Association of Builders is an example of a(n)
a. trade association. b. labor union. c. umbrella organization. d. public interest group.
66. According to the Brown text, studies of lobbying in Texas indicate that the most commonly
employed strategy in attempting to influence legislation is
a. publicly ridiculing legislators in an attempt to shame them into supporting the interest
group’s position.
b. providing legislators with information.
c. abandoning the legislator and lobbying the executive branch.
d. filing lawsuits.
67. According to the Brown text, Texas has
a. weak parties and weak interest groups.
b. strong parties and strong interest groups.
c. strong parties and weak interest groups.
d. weak parties and strong interest groups.
68. According to the author of the article “Democrats and LaRouchites: the Direct Primary
Caused It,” in the United States, most Democratic and Republican Party candidates are
currently nominated
a. through a patronage system where potential candidates must demonstrate loyalty to party
"bosses."
b. by the national committees of each party.
c. through direct primaries.
d. at state and local conventions.
69. According to the author of the article “Democrats and LaRouchites: the Direct Primary
Caused It,” the purpose of introducing the direct primary as a means of nominating
candidates for public office was to
a. strengthen control of party leaders in selecting party candidates.
b. help the Republican Party win more elections.
c. open the nomination process to ordinary party members and to weaken the influence of
party bosses.
d. none of these.
70. According to the author of the article “Democrats and LaRouchites: the Direct Primary
Caused It,” the direct primary produces candidates who are
a. largely members of the Republican Party.
b. largely members of the Democratic Party.
c. self-recruited, self-motivated, and not particularly loyal to the party whose nomination
they seek.
d. recruited by party leaders and therefore beholden to party “bosses.”
71. The implied argument of the article “Democrats and LaRouchites: the Direct Primary Caused
It” is that, while the direct primary has permitted ordinary voters to participate in the
nomination process, it has also had the effect of seriously
a. increasing the cost of political campaigning.
b. decreasing the control of congressional leaders.
c. eliminating the responsibility of state committees.
d. undermining the control that the parties can exert over their nominees – weakening the
political parties and, thus, American democracy.