Chapter 14
Enterprise
Computing
The greatest mistake a person can
make is to be afraid of making
one.
What is Enterprise Computing?
What is an enterprise?
Large organization such as multinational
corporation, university, hospital, research
laboratory, or government organization
Requires special computing
solutions because of its size
Enterprise computing—use
of computers in networks that
encompass variety of operating systems,
protocols, and network architectures
p. 14.02
Next
What is Enterprise Computing?
How are enterprises organized?

Most are
organized in
a hierarchy
p. 14.04 Fig. 14-2
Next
What is Enterprise Computing?
What are the four categories of users?
Executive management
strategic decisions
Middle management
Operational
management
tactical decisions
operational decisions
Nonmanagement employees
on-the-job decisions
p. 14.05
Next
The types of
information you
need often depend
on your employee
level in the
company
Applies specific programs
and plans necessary to
meet the stated objectives
Involves day-to-day
activities within the
company
Next
p. 13.32 Fig. 13-31
Access information
necessary to make
decisions – a trend called
empowering users
What is Enterprise Computing?
What are the four management activities?
1. Planning
2. Organizing
objectives
strategies
tactics
money
people
management structure
4. Controlling
performance
measurement
corrective action
p. 14.06
3. Leading
communications
instructions
motivation
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is a functional unit?

Individual operating entity, which can include
departments, centers, and divisions
Human
Resources
(HR)
Accounting
and
Finance
Marketing
Engineering
or product
development
Sales
Customer
Service
p. 14.08
Manufacturing
Distribution
Information
Technology
Next
Types of Information Systems
HRIS – Human Resources Information Systems
Accounting & Finance
CAD – Computer-aided design
CAM – Computer-aided manufacturing
CIM
MRP
MRPII
Marketing Information System
SFA – Sales for automation
Distribution Systems
CIM – Customer interaction management
Types of Information systems
Office Information System (OIS) – increases employee
productivity – assists with communication from
employee to employee
Transaction Processing system (TPS) – processes data
from day-to-day activities
Types, cont.
Management Information System (MIS) – generates
accurate, timely, organized information for
management
Decision support System (DSS) – helps you analyze
data and make decisions
Executive Information system – supports needs of
executive management
Expert System – captures and stores the knowledge of
human experts and then imitates human reasoning and
decision making

Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is an office information system (OIS)?
Enables employees to perform
tasks using computers and other
electronic devices instead of
manually
Sometimes called office
automation
Users create graphics and
documents, send messages,
schedule appointments, and
browse the Web
p. 14.14
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Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is a transaction processing system (TPS)?

Captures and processes data from day-to-day
transactions

p. 14.14 Fig. 14-14
Transaction—
individual
business activity
Next
Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is a management information system (MIS)?

Generates accurate, timely, and organized information
so managers can track progress and make decisions
p. 14.15 Fig. 14-15
Next
Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is a decision support system (DSS)?



Helps users analyze data and make decisions
Uses data from internal and external sources, as
needed
Executive information system (EIS) supports needs of
executive management
p. 14.16 Fig. 14-16
Next
Information Systems in the Enterprise
What is an expert system?
Captures and stores knowledge of human
experts and then imitates human
reasoning and decision making
Consists of two components
knowledge base—
combined subject
knowledge and
experiences of
human experts
p. 14.17
inference rules—set
of logical judgments
applied to the
knowledge base
Next
Information Systems in the Enterprise
What are some common types of expert systems?
Artificial
intelligence
is application of
human
intelligence
to computers
Knowledge
management
is process by which
enterprise collects,
archives, indexes, and
retrieves knowledge
p. 14.18
Knowledge
management
software (KMS)
captures expertise of
workers
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The E-Retailing Market Sector
What is e-retail?
Retailers use Web to sell
products and services
Merchant account is
account set up with credit
card company so retailer
can accept credit card
payments from customers
p. 14.26
Also called e-tail
E-money allows customer to
make payment over Internet
from cash account
 Also called electronic money,
digital cash, or cyber cash
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Other E-Commerce Market Sectors on the Web
What are online banking and online trading?


Online banking allows
users to pay bills and
view their bank accounts
and statements from
their computers
Online trading allows
users to invest without
using broker, often with
a lower transaction fee
Online banking
Online trading
p. 14.27 Fig. 14-25
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Other E-Commerce Market Sectors on the Web
What health-related information can you find on the Web?


Medical, fitness, nutrition, and exercise
Databases of doctors and dentists, chat rooms, online pharmacies
Click to view Web Link,
then click Online Health
below Chapter 14
p. 14.28 Fig. 14-27
Next
THE
END