The Rock Cycle
Part 1 – Rock Review
Rock types
Changing rocks
The rock cycle
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Directions
To view this presentation properly click “slideshow’ then “From
Beginning”.
Go through the presentation and create a chart on each type of rock
and how they form. Include a description, where they are found, and
sketch an example.
Rock Name
Formation
IGNEOUS
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
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Description
Where
Sketch
The Rock Cycle
Rock types
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Name that rock...
?
Believe it or not, rocks can be classified into groups
– just like living organisms.
The three main groups are:
igneous
sedimentary
What are the clues to help classify rocks?
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metamorphic
Sedimentary
Sedimentary rocks –
form from sediments
that get cemented
together.
Usually found close to the surface where weathering occurs.
Grains often visible.
Fossils can be present.
Often porous (let water pass through easily).
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Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks – form
when molten rock cools
and hardens.
Tough rocks with no plates visible.
Some have crystals
No fossils present – EVER!
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Rock factory
A volcano is a giant rock factory.
Magma (molten rock) from below the ground is
pushed to the surface and cools to form igneous
rocks.
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Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rocks –
form from other rocks
being under extreme
heat and pressure.
Are made deep in the earth’s crust
Beds often have wavy bands, but can also be a solid color.
Often very dense.
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Practice
Go through the next slides and practice
identifying rocks based on the picture and
clues.
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Your first specimen...
What is this?
Clues:
Crystals visible
Very tough rock
Water cannot pass through (not porous)
Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?
Igneous!
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How about this one...
?
Clues:
Fossils present
Very porous
Layers visible
Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?
Sedimentary!
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And this one...
?
Clues:
Grains very small
Clear layers
Not porous
No fossils
Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?
Metamorphic!
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Last chance...
?
Clues:
Grains very small
No layers
Not porous
No fossils
Is it sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic?
Metamorphic!
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True or false?
True or false?
1. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma
produced by volcanoes.
TRUE
2. Sedimentary rocks never contain fossils.
FALSE
3. Igneous rocks are usually very porous.
FALSE
4. Sedimentary rocks often have layers.
TRUE
5. Granite is a metamorphic rock.
FALSE
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The rock cycle
Changing rocks
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All change!
Reminder:
Rocks may last a long time but they do change.
Even tough igneous rocks may be broken down to
smaller particles. We call this process weathering.
Small particles may be moved to new areas. We
call this transportation.
The two processes together (weathering and
transportation) are called erosion.
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Squeezing rocks
What happens to particles from eroded rock?
Sediments may be laid down by water. Over many
years the sediments build up and stick together to
form a new sort of rock.
Sometimes earthquakes and volcanoes bury old
rocks underground. Very high temperatures and
pressures change these rocks into new ones called
metamorphic rocks.
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The rock cycle
The Rock Cycle Review
Click on the numbers in the next
slide to got through the stages of
the rock cycle.
Then, take the quiz!
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The rock cycle
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Rock cycle quiz
1. Metamorphic rocks are made by…
a) heat and pressure acting on other rocks
b) particles dropping out of suspension in streams and
rivers
c) a small factory outside Manchester.
2. Which of these would you NOT find in sedimentary
rocks…
a) fossils
b) layered structure
c) interlocking crystals of minerals.
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Rock cycle quiz
3. The rock cycle is…
a) a way to explain how types of rocks are converted to
other forms
b) an explanation of how heating and cooling can break
down rocks
c) a musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber.
4. You could find the density of a rock sample by…
a) dividing its mass by its volume
b) dividing its volume by its mass
c) multiplying its volume by its mass.
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Rock cycle quiz
5. Slow cooling of magma produces rocks with…
a) large crystals
b) small crystals
c) no crystals.
6. You can dissolve the carbonate in a limestone sample
using
a) hydrochloric acid
b) cold water
c) boiling water.
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