Name Date Pd General Chemistry – Unit 4 Review Important: To prepare adequately for the Unit 4 Test, you should not only do this review, but you should read and fill in notes on the Unit 4 Objectives and you should review all materials from class including notes, worksheets, labs and quizzes. Thorough preparation also includes redoing problems, especially those with which you initially struggled. Fill in the blanks in the table with the words from the following list: heterogeneous, liquid, matter, element, mixture, homogeneous, solid, compound, gas and pure substance. ______ Particles are independent, widely separated, with no attractive forces between them. They fill the volume of the container. Particles constantly make and break temporary attractions between each other. Particles can slip past one another easily. They take the shape of the container. These have fixed compositions, one set of intrinsic physical properties (density, mp, bp). and can be separated only by chemical means These cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. The smallest particle of this is called an atom. These have variable composition. Their physical properties vary depending on the composition. They can be separated by physical means. These are made of elements in fixed mass ratios. They can be broken down into simper substances by chemical means. Exists in one phase only and has uniform properties throughout the sample. Modeling Chemistry Strong attractions between particles lock them into a fixed arrangement. 1 May exist in more than one phase and have variable properties in different parts of the sample U4 gen rev For each of the diagrams below, describe the contents of each cell using the terms atoms, molecules, elements, compound, mixture, solid, liquid and gas 1. 2. 3. Modeling Chemistry 2 U4 gen rev 4. 6. Identify the separation techniques pictured below. Which technique would be useful to separate a mixture of sand and salt? Of salt and water? 7. Below left is a 2-D array that represents an ionic lattice. At right is a 2-D array that represents a molecular solid. In what ways are they similar? In what ways are they different? Modeling Chemistry 3 U4 gen rev 8. Recall your representations of the atoms in the Sticky Tape activity. Below is a pair of tapes before they have been pulled apart. Explain why they would not exert a force (either attractive or repulsive) on one another. 9. Below are groups of the inner cores of the atoms of the tapes after they have been pulled apart. Sketch in the mobile negative charges to show how the top tape becomes (+) and the bottom becomes (-). 10. Below is a group of the inner cores of a piece of metal foil. Sketch in where you would expect to find the mobile negative charges if a top (+) tape were brought to the left of the foil. Explain your diagram. Modeling Chemistry 4 U4 gen rev 11. Explain why ionic compounds can conduct electric current as liquids but molecular compounds cannot. Use complete sentences. You may use particle diagrams to aid your explanation. 12. Describe in terms of physical properties how molecular compounds differ from ionic compounds. List 4 properties/characteristics for each. 13. List some physical properties and chemical properties of hydrogen gas based on the electrolysis of water demo. 14. Is electrolysis of water a physical or chemical change? Explain why or why not. Include particle diagrams to aide your explanation. 15. Identify the following compounds as ionic or molecular. a. CO2 _________________________ b. NaCl ________________________ c. C2H4 ________________________ d. HCl _________________________ 16. Identify the bond type in each of the compounds a-d in #15 above. a. ______________________________ b. ______________________________ c. ______________________________ d. ______________________________ 17. Identify the following as physical or chemical changes: a. cutting paper - _____________________ b. boiling water - _____________________ c. burning propane - __________________ d. iron rusting - ______________________ e. burning steel wool- _________________ f. dissolving salt in water- ____________ Modeling Chemistry 5 U4 gen rev