Sex-specific Effect of Body Weight Gain on Systemic Inflammation in Subjects with COPD
ONLINE SUPPLEMENT
Online supplemental data: Classification of physical activity in SAPALDIA (2002)
"How many times How
often do you get breathless
and sweaty?"
"How many hours per week do you get breathless or sweaty?"
Hours per week
0
½
1 to 2
2 to 3
4 to 6
7 or more
16
47
35
53
43
52
9
29
66
73
102
44
38
162
331
548
234
43
1
86
320
556
247
33
3
1
168
157
93
48
8
4
<1
185
71
36
18
12
2
7
Times
4 to 6
per
week 2 to 3
Times
per
month
0
0
0
0
never 1606
Highlighted cells: number of subjects considered “physically active” [n=1624/5578 (29.1%)]
0
Online supplemental data: Detailed questions for associated conditions in SAPALDIA (2002)
“Do you have chronic disease or illness (as diagnosed by a physician) that is limiting you?”
Specifically: “Do you have diabetes?” “Do you have hypertension?” “Do you have heart disease?”
“Do you take hormones/contraceptive pills?” (for women only)
Online supplemental data: Respiratory symptoms and health-related quality of life in SAPALDIA (2002)
Characteristics at SAPALDIA 2
(2002)
n=5479
Chronic cough, %
Chronic phlegm, %
Chronic shortness of breath by
walking, %
Chronic shortness of breath by
walking, %
Short Form-36
Physical Functioning, mean (SD)
Role Physical, mean (SD)
Bodily Pain, mean (SD)
General Health, mean (SD)
Vitality, mean (SD)
Social Functioning, mean (SD)
Role Emotional, mean (SD)
Mental Health, mean (SD)
*unequal variances t-test
Men
n=2616
Non fast
FEV1
decliners
n=2016
4.3
9.7
Women
n= 2863
Fast FEV1
decliners
n=600
P-value
(t-test* or χ2)
7.7
13.2
<0.001
0.014
Non fast
FEV1
decliners
n=2121
4.6
6.9
26.8
41.9
<0.001
32.1
46.8
n=1067
91 (16)
92 (32)
84 (22)
65 (12)
66 (16)
89 (17)
90 (25)
76 (15)
Fast FEV1
decliners
n=742
P-value
(t-test or χ2)
8.5
8.5
<0.001
0.148
13.3
28.0
<0.001
<0.001
41.9
55.9
<0.001
n=366
85 (20)
84 (31)
79 (24)
62 (12)
<0.001
<0.001
0.003
<0.001
n=871
90 (15)
87 (28)
79 (23)
63 (13)
n=347
83 (20)
81 (33)
74 (25)
61 (14)
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.049
64 (17)
85 (20)
86 (29)
75 (15)
0.008
<0.001
0.023
0.227
62 (17)
86 (19)
87 (28)
73 (16)
59 (18)
81 (23)
80 (33)
68 (17)
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.003
Online supplement (5th sensitivity analysis using respiratory symptoms & fast FEV1 decline) Odds ratio of high hs-CRP (≥3mg) in
SAPALDIA subjects without or with concomitant presence of respiratory symptoms (RS) & fast FEV1 decline to define COPD
Men
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Women
Unadjusted
Model 1†
Model 2‡*
n=2616
n=2595
n=2595
ref
ref
Ref
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Unadjusted
Model 1‡
Model 2‡*
n=2863
n= 2582
n= 2582
ref
ref
ref
FEV1 decline and RS
No
Yes
2016/280
(12.0)
600/72
(25.6)
2.53 (1.88 3.40) 1.60 (1.16 2.21)
1.69 (1.23 2.32)
2121/410
(16.8)
742/130
(31.3)
2.26 (1.80 2.86) 1.61 (1.23 2.09)
1.79 (1.38 2.32)
Weight change categories
Lost
0.64 (0.42 0.97)
1.21 (0.80 1.82)
Gained ≤5%
ref
ref
Gained ≤9%
1.15 (0.81 1.64)
1.71 (1.19 2.49)
Gained ≤14%
1.46 (1.02 2.08)
2.20 (1.52 3.17)
Gained >14%
2.04 (1.42 2.93)
4.45 (3.17 6.26)
†: adjusted for age, age squared, [fast FEV1 decline & RS], categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking (pack*yr), physical
activity, diabetes and study area (random effect)
‡ adjusted for age, age squared, [fast FEV1 decline & RS], categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking (pack*yr), physical
activity, diabetes, hormone replacement therapy and study area (random effect)
*no adjustment for weight change categories
Online supplement: (6th sensitivity analysis using modified GOLD 2-4 categories to define COPD) Odds ratio of high hs-CRP (≥3mg) in
SAPALDIA subjects without or with COPD as defined by GOLD 2-4 category§
Men
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Women
Unadjusted
Model 1†
Model 2‡*
n=2575
n=2554
n=2554
ref
ref
Ref
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Unadjusted
Model 1‡
Model 2‡*
n=2828
n= 2551
n= 2551
ref
ref
ref
GOLD 2-4
No
Yes
312/2449
(12.7)
32/126
(25.4)
2.33 (1.53 3.54) 1.52 (0.97 2.38)
1.40 (0.89 2.20)
505/2759
(18.3)
26/69
(37.7)
2.70 (1.64 4.43) 2.38 (1.36 4.15)
2.24 (1.31 3.85)
Weight change categories
Lost
0.61 (0.39 0.93)
1.24 (0.81 1.88)
Gained ≤5%
ref
ref
Gained ≤9%
1.16 (0.81 1.66)
1.79 (1.23 2.60)
Gained ≤14%
1.47 (1.02 2.10)
2.26 (1.56 3.28)
Gained >14%
2.08 (1.45 2.99)
4.77 (3.38 6.74)
§: FEV1 /FVC <0.7 & FEV1<0.8 predicted;
†: adjusted for age, age squared, GOLD 2-4, categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking (pack*yr) physical activity diabetes
and study area (random effect)
‡ adjusted for age, age squared, GOLD 2-4, categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking (pack*yr) physical activity diabetes,
hormone replacement therapy and study area (random effect)
*no adjustment for weight change categories
Online supplement: (7th sensitivity analysis using modified GOLD 1+ category & fast FEV1 decline to define COPD) Odds ratio of high
hs-CRP (≥3mg) in SAPALDIA subjects without or with COPD as defined by FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 & fast FEV1 decline
Men
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Women
Unadjusted
Model 1†
Model 2‡*
n=2575
n=2554
n=2554
ref
Ref
n,
(% with
high CRP)
Unadjusted
Model 1‡
Model 2‡*
n=2828
n= 2551
n= 2551
ref
ref
ref
FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 & fast FEV1 decline
No
Yes
285/2299
(12.4)
59/276
(21.4)
ref
1.92 (1.40 2.62) 1.27 (0.91 1.78)
1.26 (0.90 1.78)
453/2560
(17.7)
78/268
(29.1)
2.70 (1.43 2.53) 1.38 (1.00 1.92)
1.42 (1.03 1.96)
Weight change categories
Lost
0.61 (0.40 0.94)
1.25 (0.82 1.89)
Gained ≤5%
ref
ref
Gained ≤9%
1.16 (0.81 1.66)
1.77 (1.22 2.58)
Gained ≤14%
1.45 (1.01 2.09)
2.29 (1.58 3.31)
Gained >14%
2.08 (1.45 2.99)
4.72 (3.35 6.66)
†: adjusted for age, age squared, [FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 & fast FEV1 decline], categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking
(pack*yr), physical activity, diabetes and study area (random effect)
‡ adjusted for age, age squared, [FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 & fast FEV1 decline], categories of weight change, smoking status, lifetime smoking
(pack*yr), physical activity diabetes, hormone replacement therapy and study area (random effect)
*no adjustment for weight change categories