Monday, July 11, 2016
Hundred
Years War
The Impact
Nationalism appeared. Saw themselves as a country with one king.
The French king’s power grew. England’s power fell
Knights were replaced by archers.
This was the end of the Middle Ages.
Have out Vocab Test Friday
England
Kingdoms on Britain were made up of the Anglo-Saxons. They shared
a common language and culture. In A.D. 886 an Anglo-Saxon leader
by the name of Alfred The Great was able to unite these kingdoms
into one nation, which he called Angleland. This would later be
changed to England.
The last Anglo – Saxon ruler Edward the Conqueror
died in 1066 CE. After his death, there was a struggle
for power.
William the Conqueror
In 1066 CE,a man by the name of William The Conqueror asserted his
right to rule England. William was Edward’s cousin, and lived in
Normandy, France. He was a vassal, or lord to the king of France, and
had many vassals, or lords under himself in Normandy.
The Battle of Hastings took place on 14 October 1066. It
was the decisive Norman victory
Using his influence, William gathered an army of 6,000 soldiers, which
he used to conquer England. After placing himself on the throne, he
rewarded his vassals from Normandy with the lands of many of the
English nobles.
The monarchy continued under his descendants
until 1215.
Magna Carta
By 1215,King John lost territory to the French, which upset many. He also
increased taxes, and oppressed many of his people, arresting them without
trials.
Many of the nobles in England were tired of losing their power, and were
concerned by the tyrant-like behavior of John, came together, and wrote a
document called the Magna Carta.
The Magna Carta is one of the most important documents in history. It
guaranteed the people certain rights, and bound the king to certain laws
This was the beginning of the reforms leading
to a Parliament and the decrease of the
authority of the monarchy.
Hundred Years War
Because William the Conqueror had been a
powerful leader in Normandy, he claimed both
England, as well as much of France as his
kingdom.
Later English kings maintained their right to
rule parts of France. This created a great deal
of resentment
In 1328 the king of France died without leaving
a direct heir. The French were not ready to be
ruled by an English King and went to war. A
war that would last from A.D. 1337 until A.D.
1453
At first it appeared as though England would
win the war. Their superior technology and
strategies lead them to victory in a series of
battles.
After more than one hundred years of
fighting, the French were eventually able
to declare victory of the English.
The Impact
•Nationalism appeared. Saw
themselves as a country with
one king.
•The French king’s power
grew. England’s power fell
•Knights were replaced by
archers.
•This was the end of the
Middle Ages.
Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc (c. 1412 - 1431) led
the French army to victories over
the English, resulting in the
coronation of Charles VII as king
of France.
Joan claimed to have had visions
from God directing her to defeat
the English.
She was captured by the English
forces and executed for heresy at
the age of 19.
Charles VII
Joan of Arc at the Siege of Orleans